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Objectire To investigate the correlation of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25 (OH) D] with the occurrence of dry eye (DE).Methods Fifty-eight patients with DE (DE group) and 30 healthy controls (control group) were enrolled in the study.Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was detected by ELISA.The correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and ocular surface disease index (OSDI) scales,tear film break-up time (BUT) and Schirmer I test (SIT) was analyzed.Results The SIT of DE group was significantly lower than that of the control group [(7.47 ± 3.01)mm · 5 min-1 vs.(14.56 ± 3.48) mm· 5 rmin-1] (t =9.926,P =0.000),and the BUT of DE group was significantly lower than that of the control group [(6.03 ± 2.14) t · s-1 vs.(12.05 ± 3.27)t · s-1] (t =10.392,P =0.000),while OSDI score of the DE group was significantly higher than that of the control group [(36.19 ± 17.23) vs.(16.67 ± 5.01)] (t =6.059,P =0.000).Moreover,serum 25 (OH)D level of the DE group was significantly lower than that hn the healthy controls [(18.42 ±7.57)ng · mL-1 vs.(32.49 ± 12.85) ng · mL-1) (t =6.467,P =0.000).Serum 25 (OH) D deficiency was more common in the DE group (x2 =30.995,P =0.000).Pearson correlation analysis showed that serum 25 (OH) D level was positively correlated with SIT (r =0.652,P =0.000),but negatively correlated with BUT (r =-0.531,P =0.000) and OSDI (r =-0.480,P =0.000).Conclusion Low serum 25 (OH) D level may be associated with the initiation of DE.
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Objective To establish a non-invasive method based on fluorescent tracer technique using inducible co-stimulatory molecules(ICOS) expressed on activated T cells for diagnosing acute heart graft rejection in mice. Methods The cervical heterotopic heart transplantation was used as model to establish isograft, allograft, allograft plus tacrolimus treatment, and allograft with tacrolimus ceased groups. On the 1, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after transplantation, Cy7. SE-ICOS-Ab was injected into the heart transplant mice via tail veins. The real-time fluorescent imaging changes of the graft were observed by fluorescent equipment. Flow cytometry was used to examine the expression of ICOS on spleen T cells of mice in each group. H-E staining was used to observe the pathological changes of cardiac graft. Results There was no noticeable fluorescent imaging in the grafts at the 1, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after transplantation in the isograft and allograft with tacrolimus treatment group. On the first day after transplantation, the fluorescent imaging of graft in the allograft group had no noticeable changes, but the fluorescent imaging gradually increased on the 3rd, 5th, and 7th day. The graft fluorescent imaging became stronger on the 3rd day after ceasing tacrolimus in the treated allograft group, and it became stronger at 5 and 7 days after ceasing tacrolimus. H-E staining found no noticeable rejection in isograft group and allograft plus tacrolimus treatment group at all time points. The allograft and allograft puls tacrolimus ceased group developed rejection on the 3rd day after transplantation, and the rejection became more serious on the 5th and 7th day. Flow cytometry showed that there were no significant differences in ICOS expression on spleen T cells on the 1 day after transplantation among the four groups (P>0. 05). The isograft and allograft plus tacrolimus treatment group had no ICOS expression on the T cells, and ICOS expression in the allograft and allograft with tacrolimus ceased group gradually increased on the 3rd, 5th and 7th day. Conclusion ICOS expression intensity is associated with the degree of graft rejection. Fluorescently labeled anti-ICOS can help to assess the development and severity of acute rejection after transplantation in a non-invasive way.
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Objective: To explore the influence of adenovirus carrying Galectin-9 gene on the survival of cardiac transplant and the differentiation and proliferation of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells in mice receiving heterotopic heart transplantation. Methods: Neck heterotopic heart transplantation models were established with male BALB/c→C57BL/6 mice by Cuff method, and they were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=10): control group (received 0.9% sodium chloride solution after operation), adenovirus group, and pAdeasy™ Galectin-9 treatment group. The survival time of the graft hearts was recorded. The spleens of mice were collected when the graft hearts stopped beating or 14 days after operation) the mononuclear cells were isolated and the proportion of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells was determined by flow cytometry. Treg cell related cytokines (IL-10, TGF-β1) in the peripheral blood were assayed by ELISA. Results: The cardiac allografts in pAdeasy™ Galectin-9 group survived significantly longer than those in the other two groups (P<0.01), and the proportion of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells in CD4+ T cells was significantly higher (P<0.01). The levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were increased in pAdeasy™ Galectin-9 group compared with control group and adenovirus group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: pAdeasy™ Galectin-9 can promote the proliferation and differentiation of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells in vivo, and can greatly improve the survival time of cardiac allograft after heart transplantation in mice.
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Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of microemulsified cyclosporine(Neoral)and tacrolimus(FK506) for immunodepression after Iiver transplantation.Methods:According to the including criteria,fifteen randomized controlled trials were enrolled in this analysis.The data of trial design,characteristics of the subjects,and findings of the studies were reviewed and analyzed by RevMan 4.2.8 software.Results:The patient survival rate,graft survival rate,incidence of nephrotoxicity,and incidence of infection were not significantly different between Neoral and FK506 groups,with the relative risk and(95% CI,P)being 0.99(0.96-1.02,0.37),0.97(0.92-1.03,0.30),0.99(0.87-1.13,0.86)and 1.08(0.97-1.20, 0.16),respectively.The incidences of hypertension(1.34[1.15-1.55,0.000 1])and acute rejection(1.15[1.06-1.25,0.001]) were significantly lower in the FK506 group,with no significant difference found in the degree of acute rejection(1.00[0.92- 1.22],0.98).Interestingly,the incidence of diabetes was significantly higher in the FK506 group within 1 year after the operation,but was similar to that of the Neoral group thereafter,with relative risk(95%CI,P)being 0.72(0.62-0.83,