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1.
Acta biol. colomb ; 27(1): 104-112, ene.-abr. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1360055

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La guanábana (Annona muricata L.) es un cultivo de importancia económica para Nayarit, México. Los frutos han tenido una excelente aceptación en el mercado regional, dificultando su comercialización a lugares lejanos porque la producción es altamente perecedera, aunado a que los árboles de los huertos de guanábana son en su mayoría ecotipos o fenotipos sin ningún plan de mejoramiento genético. Debido a la falta de variedades comerciales y de un banco de germoplasma, es importante conocer la diversidad genética para identificar y seleccionar genotipos; una de las herramientas para este propósito es el uso de marcadores moleculares. El objetivo de esta investigación fue analizar la diversidad genética de guanábana de las principales zonas productoras de Nayarit. Se extrajo ADN genómico de hojas de guanábana, las cuales fueron recolectadas de 11 huertos (poblaciones) de las siguientes zonas: Compostela (cinco poblaciones), Tepic (tres poblaciones) y San Blas (tres poblaciones). Posteriormente, se realizó un análisis mediante marcadores moleculares SSR y SRAP. Los resultados indicaron que los SSR no mostraron polimorfismo entre las poblaciones. Por otro lado, en los marcadores SRAP se obtuvieron 116 loci polimórficos con un promedio de porcentaje de loci polimórfico (P) entre las zonas productoras de 29,55 %. Asimismo, se realizó un AMOVA, el cual mostró que el mayor porcentaje de varianza se encuentra dentro de las poblaciones. Además, los análisis de agrupamiento demostraron la formación de tres grupos independientes. Por tanto, se obtuvo una alta homocigocidad y baja diversidad genética de guanábana entre las zonas y poblaciones estudiadas.


ABSTRACT Soursop (Annona muricata L.) is a crop of economic importance for Nayarit, Mexico. Soursop fruits have had an excellent acceptance in the regional market, making it difficult its commercialization to distant places because the production is highly perishable, in addition to the fact that the trees in the soursop orchards are mostly ecotypes or phenotypes without any genetic improvement plan. Due to the lack of commercial varieties and a germplasm bank, it is important to know the genetic diversity to identify and select genotypes; one of the tools for this purpose is the use of molecular markers. The objective of this research was to analyze the genetic diversity of soursop in the main producing areas of Nayarit. Genomic DNA was extracted from soursop leaves from 11 orchards (populations) in the following areas: Compostela (five populations), Tepic (three populations) and San Blas (three populations). Subsequently, we performed molecular analysis using SSR and SRAP molecular markers. The results indicated that the SSRs showed no polymorphism between the populations. On the other hand, we found 116 polymorphic loci in the SRAP markers with an average percentage of polymorphic loci (P) among the producing areas of 29.55 %. Likewise, an AMOVA was performed, showing that the highest percentage of variance is found within the populations. Furthermore, cluster analyzes demonstrated the formation of three independent groups. Therefore, a high homozygosity and low genetic diversity of soursop were obtained between the areas and populations studied.

2.
Actual. nutr ; 23(2): 79-85, abr.2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1417929

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la cuarentena adoptada durante la pandemia por COVID-19 significó grandes cambios en el cuidado de los pacientes con diabetes, pudiendo afectar el control metabólico. Objetivos: evaluar si existieron modificaciones en el control metabólico en menores de 18 años con diabetes tipo 1, seguidos en el Servicio de Nutrición y Diabetes del Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde (HGNPE), luego de las medidas de aislamiento social implementadas durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Estimar la frecuencia de complicaciones agudas y la variación del puntaje Z de Índice de masa corporal (IMC). Materiales y métodos: estudio observacional, longitudinal, retrospectivo. Se incluyeron pacientes de 1 a 18 años con diabetes tipo 1 de más de un año de evolución, con seguimiento regular en el HGNPE, que hayan sido evaluados, con determinación de hemoglobina glicosilada, entre diciembre de 2019 y marzo de 2020 (precuarentena). De estos pacientes, aquellos que asistieron a un control posterior, entre diciembre de 2020 y marzo de 2021, fueron considerados para un análisis comparativo. Resultados: se incluyeron 88 pacientes, de los cuales 59 se realizaron un control en el segundo período. La HbA1c inicial fue de 8,8% (IIC 25-75= 7,42-9,4) y la posterior de 8,3% (IIC 25-75= 7,2-9,95), el puntaje z de IMC inicial fue de 0,35 ± 1,02 y el posterior de 0,37 ± 0,97, siendo en ambos casos diferencias no significativas. Presentó complicaciones agudas el 15% (n= 9) de los pacientes. Conclusión: no se encontraron cambios significativos de la HbA1c y del puntaje z de IMC entre los períodos comparados


Introduction: the lock down during the COVID-19 pandemic meant great changes in the care of patients with diabetes, which could affect metabolic control. Objectives: to assesse whether there were changes in metabolic control in children under 18 years of age with type 1 diabetes followed up in the Nutrition and Diabetes Service of the Pedro de Elizalde Children's General Hospital (HGNPE), after the social isolation measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic and estimate the frequency of acute complications and the variation of the Z-score of Body Mass Index (BMI). Materials and methods: longitudinal, retrospective, observational study. Patients aged 1 to 18 years old with type 1 diabetes of more than one year of evolution, with regular follow-up in the HGNPE, who had been evaluated, with determination of glycosylated hemoglobin, between December 2019 and March 2020 (pre-quarantine) and between December 2020 and March2021. Of these patients, those who attended a subsequent control between December 2020 and March 2021 were considered for a comparative analysis. Results: 88 patients were included, of which 59 underwent a control in the second period. The initial HbA1c was 8,8% (IIC 25-75 = 7,42-9,4) and the subsequent one was 8,3% (IIC 25-75 = 7,2-9,95), the z-score of initial BMI was 0,35 ± 1,02 and the subsequent one was 0,37 ± 0,97, with non-significant differences in both cases. 15% (n = 9) of the patients had acute complications. Conclusion: no significant changes were found in HbA1c and BMI z-score between the periods compared


Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Body Mass Index , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , COVID-19
3.
Braz. oral res. (Online) ; 33: e077, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019597

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of the present study was to identify the relationship between the expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and the responses of pulp sensitivity tests in healthy pulps and irreversible pulps by performing a cross-sectional study on patients. Two hundred subjects were evaluated. A total of 75 subjects complied with the criteria. The participants were divided into two groups: a) Healthy pulp (subjects [n = 35] having posterior teeth with clinically normal pulp tissue), and b) Irreversible pulpitis (subjects [n = 40] having posterior teeth with irreversible pulpitis). All participants were evaluated using the following variables: a) medical and dental history, b) pulp sensitivity tests, c) expression of CGRP by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and d) expression levels of mRNA CGRP and mRNA CGRP receptor genes. We determined that the responses of the cold test between 4 and ≥12 s presented a higher average of the expression of CGRP in the group having irreversible pulpitis (p = 0.0001). When we compared the groups with the value of the electrical impulse, we found statistically significant differences (p = 0.0001), observing positive responses to the test with electrical impulses of 7 to 10, with an average of 72.15 ng/mL of CGRP in the irreversible pulpitis group. High values of CGRP expression were observed in that group in the responses of pulp sensitivity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Pulpitis/pathology , Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide/analysis , Dental Pulp/pathology , Dental Pulp Test/methods , Pulpitis/genetics , Reference Values , Time Factors , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
4.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 24(4): 409-409, jul.-ago. 2017. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-900554

ABSTRACT

Resumen El infarto agudo de miocardio de origen embólico es poco frecuente y suele ocurrir en pacientes con la fibrilación auricular o las valvulopatías. Suele afectar a la arteria descendente anterior. La presentación simultánea de un embolismo pulmonar y un infarto agudo de miocardio también es rara y difícil de diagnosticar porque ambas entidades producen síntomas parecidos y alteraciones electrocardiográficas a veces superponibles. Se presenta el caso de un paciente con embolia pulmonar y un infarto agudo de miocardio simultáneos, en probable relación con una embolia paradójica.


Abstract Acute myocardial infarction of embolic origin is rare and usually develops in patients with atrial fibrillation or valvular heart diseases. It affects the anterior descending artery. Simultaneous presentation of a pulmonary embolism and acute myocardial infarction is also rare and difficult to diagnose because both entities produce similar symptoms and sometimes overlapping electrocardiographic alterations. The case of a patient with simultaneous pulmonary embolism and acute myocardial infarction is presented, probably related to a paradoxical embolism.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pulmonary Embolism , Myocardial Infarction , Signs and Symptoms , Heart Valve Diseases
6.
Salud pública Méx ; 46(6): 524-528, nov.-dic. 2004. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-512508

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Caracterizar molecularmente los aislamientos de Klebsiella pneumoniae obtenidos de pacientes pediátricos y del personal de salud en la unidad de cuidados intensivos de un hospital de tercer nivel de atención en la Ciudad de México, Distrito Federal. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se analizaron 15 aislamientos de Klebsiella pneumoniae colectadas de un brote durante el mes de junio de 1996, ocho de pacientes y siete de personal del Hospital Infantil de México. Los aislamientos fueron caracterizados por electroforesis en gel de campos pulsados (EGCP), amplificación azarosa del polimorfismo de ADN por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (AAPD-PCR), y serotipificación, isoelectroenfoque de beta-lactamasas y secuenciación nucleotídica de productos de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. RESULTADOS: El serotipo predominante fue el 61 y correlacionó con los perfiles de AAPD-PCR y EGCP en 11 de los 15 aislamientos. Se identificó una clona predominante productora de SHV-5 con una alta letalidad. CONCLUSIONES: Las técnicas de biología molecular fueron herramientas muy útiles en la caracterización de la clona de K. pneumoniae identificada en pacientes y el personal hospitalario, que sugirieron una posible transmisión cruzada. Estos resultados ilustran que se debe apoyar el fortalecimiento de los programas de control para evitar la diseminación de infecciones nosocomiales en esa unidad en estudio.


OBJECTIVE: To perform the molecular characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from pediatric patients and health care workers at the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital in Mexico City. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifteen Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates collected during an outbreak in June 1996 were analyzed; eight were from patients and seven from health care workers of Mexico's Children's Hospital. Characterization of isolates was carried out by pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) and serotyping, beta-Lactamase isoelectric focusing (IEF), and nucleotide sequencing of PCR products. RESULTS: Serotype 61 was predominant and correlated with genomic fingerprints of RAPD and PFGE in 11 of 15 isolates. One SHV-5-producer predominant clone with a high case-fatality rate was identified. CONCLUSIONS: Molecular biology techniques are useful tools to characterize the K. pneumoniae clone isolated from patients and health care workers, suggesting potential cross-transmission. These data call for strengthening control programs to prevent dissemination of nosocomial infections in the studied hospital.


Subject(s)
Adult , Child , Humans , Disease Outbreaks , Klebsiella Infections/microbiology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , beta-Lactamases/metabolism , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Cross Infection , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , Health Personnel , Intensive Care Units , Klebsiella Infections/drug therapy , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzymology , Mexico/epidemiology , Polymerase Chain Reaction , beta-Lactam Resistance/drug effects , beta-Lactam Resistance/genetics
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