[Effect of lidocaine on duration of seizure and hemodynamic alterations in electroconvulsive therapy]

Electroconvulsive therapy [ECT] is one of the most common methods in treatment of different types of psychological disorder. The effectiveness of this therapy has a direct relation with the duration of convulsion. This study was conducted to assess the effect of lidocaine on duration of seizure and hemodynamic alterations in electroconvulsive therapy. This clinical trial study was conducted on 72 ASA-I, II patients with psychotic disorders in Hajar Medical Center in Shahrekord, Iran during 2010. The patients randomly divided into intervention and control group. The interventional group was received 1.5 mg/kg lidocaine and controls were received normal saline. For induction of anesthesia, all patients were received Sodium Thiopental [2mg/kg], Succinylcholine [1mg/kg] and Atropine [0.5mg] Propofol and Succinylcholine during 72 sessions of ECT. Duration of objective convulsion and hemodynamic alterations including blood pressure and heart rate were recorded [before, immediately and 3, 5 minutes after ECT]. Data were analyzed using SPSS-11.5 and t-test. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate in 3rd minutes in interventional group following electroconvulsive therapy were 143.38 +/- 16 mmHg, 79.86 +/- 6.7 mmHg, 91.9 +/- 9.9 mmHg, respectively and in controls were 128.88 +/- 13.04 mmHg, 87.63 +/- 5.79 mmHg and 102.86 +/- 13 mmHg, respectively. These difference were significant [P<0.05]. The above-mentioned indices for 5th minutes in intervention and controls were as follow: systolic [113.47 +/- 9.97 mmHg, 122.36 +/- 13 mmHg], diastolic [73.47 +/- 4.27 mmHg, 77.63 +/- 6.26 mmHg] heart rate [84.41 +/- 4.6 in minute, 93.19 +/- 12.53 in minute]. These differences in above indices were significant [P<0.05]. This study showed that lidocaine administration during electroconvulsive therapy increase the duration of convulsion and reduces heart rate and blood pressure

Suicide in the Islamic Republic of Iran: an integrated analysis from 1981 to 2007

Although the rate of suicide is low in Muslim countries, there is evidence that it is increasing. An integrated analysis was made of data on suicide attempts [nonfatal and fatal] from studies carried out in the Islamic Republic of Iran from 1981 to 2007. Of 54 published studies concerning suicide, 48 [covering 26 768 cases of attempted suicide] satisfied the inclusion criteria. The weighted mean rate of suicide attempts was 26.5 per 100 000 and the average rate of death by suicide was 6.7 per 100 000. The mean age of suicide attempters was 25 years; on average 41.8% were male, 50.5% single and 70.0% from urban areas. Most suicide attempters were not working: 54.2% on average were housewives, 24.5% students and 21.0% unemployed men. Medical history showed that 16.2% of suicide attempters had a history of disability and 42.0% had a history of psychological disorders. The rates were compared with studies from other nations/religious groups

causes of pregnancy termination in the third trimester and its relationship with maternal and child fate

Observations show that the majority of women referring to hospitals to terminate their pregnancy in the third trimester have not initiated uterine contractions. Regarding the importance of infant - mother health and unnecessary cesarean section, the present research was conducted to determine the causes of pregnancy termination in the third trimester and its association with the fate of mother and fetus in Shahrekord in 2005. In this cross - sectional study 750 pregnant women who had been hospitalized to terminate pregnancy in the third trimester were selected randomly in three morning, afternoon and night shifts. Data collection tools were questionnaires and checklists which were completed through original examination of the patients, file study, interview with mother, and postnatal examination of the infant. The fate of infant and mother was determined through the type of delivery, pregnancy age and infant weight. The data were then classified and analysed using SPSS software, t-test, 2 and Pearson correlation coefficient. 298 [39.7%] of mothers referred to the hospital due to the labor pain and 452 [60.3%] of them were advised to terminate their pregnancy by the physician. 23.2% of the above mentioned patients had been hospitalized due to the causes such as previous cesarean section, tendency toward cesarean, and mother - infant problems during the pregnancy. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between cause of pregnancy termination and type of delivery after exclusion of repeated cesarean section cases and tendency toward cesarean, and the patients advised by the physician had undergone more cesarean section [P=0.001]. Pregnancy age in the group advised by physician for hospitalization was more than the group who had been hospitalized due to labor pain [P=0.003]. Infant weight had no significant difference in two groups. Elective termination prior to labor pain can enhance the risk of cesarean section. Taking precise pregnancy history, performing sonography in the first 26 weeks, gestation and training the pregnant women the time of referring to hospital can prevent termination of pregnancy

[Knowledge, attitude and practice of married men referring to health centers of Shahre-Kord on family planning]

Fulfilling family planning programs has a very important role in the reduction of fertility resulting in solving population problems. Women have been the subject of the most of these studies, while men have been less discussed. The aim of this study is to determine men's knowledge, attitude and practice on family planning in health centers of Shahre-kord. Cross-sectional methods was used and 402 men were selected through the simple sampling. Questionnaires were completed by professional interviewers. SPSS was used to analyze the data. The results of the study showed that 100% of men know at least one of the family planning methods. The highest knowledge was related to pills [96.3%]. Conviction on the necessity of family planning programmes was reported by 99.1% of the people. At least one method of family planning was used by one of the couples in 89.6% cases. At the time of study, 83.1% of people were using one of the family planning methods. The most common method used by the people was the pills, reported by 57.7% of the cases. On the whole, the research demonstrates that 34.4% have high ,%54 have reasonable and%23 have low knowledge. In terms of attitudes of men towards family planning methods,%6.5 have a positive,%68.2 medium and%7 have low conviction.%12.7 use these methods in large,%69.7 in medium,%17.2 in low scales. There is a significant relationship between KAP of men and age, time of marriage, occupation, level of education and length of their marriage [p<0.001]. This research concludes that although men have high knowledge about family planning, they do not use it in real life very often. As a result, it is necessary to consider them as a target group in family planning programs. In addition, men's family planning services should be integrated into family planning programs which are put forward by the National Health System Network

[Effects of physical exercises on musculoskeletal system in stroke patients in Kashani hospital at Shahrekord, 2002]

Background: Cerebrovascular disorders are the third leading cause of death in the United States. Patients with cerebrovascular disorders may have severe neurological damage such as motor disorders. These patients are at risk of problems such as joint contracture and deformity. The rehabilitation nurse plays a significant role in facilitating positive patient outcomes, because she has an opportunity to gain a greater insight about the patient through longer contact whilst providing 24 hour care

Prupose: This clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of physical exercises on musculoskeletal system in stroke patients. The muscle tone and force and ROM scores and incidence of contracture and footdrop were assessed before and after the intervention

Method: 40 stroke patients were sequentialy selected from neurology ward at Kashani Hospital in Shahrekord. Data were collected by a questionnaire, checklists and a goniometer. The scores of tone, force, ROM, and incidence of contracture as well as footdrop of patients were assessed and recorded before the intervention by checklists and goniometer. Then physical exercises were performed 2 times a day. Physical exercises consisted of position change and ROM exercises. After 6 weeks, the scores of tone, force, ROM and incidence of contracture and footdrop of patients were assessed and recorded again and, then, the scores were compared with each other after and before the intervention

Findings: Results showed a significant increase in tone, force, and ROM scores [P<0.0001]. The incidence of contracture and footdrop was decreased after the intervention

Conclusion: It can be concluded that physical exercises are effective on improving musculoskeletal condition in stroke patients