Effects of surface treatment on the osseointegration potential of orthodontic mini-implant / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the torque resistance to removal of sandblasted large grit and acid etched (SLA) surface treated orthodontic mini-implants and smooth surface orthodontic mini-implants as well as performing histologic observations. METHODS: Two groups of custom screw shaped orthodontic mini-implants (C-implant, 1.8 mm outer diameter x 9.5 mm length, Cimplant, Seoul, Korea) were designated. 22 SLA treated C-implants (SLA group) and 22 machined surface C-implants (machined group) were placed in the tibia metaphysis of 11 adult New Zealand white rabbits. Following a 6-week healing period, the rabbits were sacrificed. Subsequently, the C-implants were removed under reverse torque rotation with a digital torque measuring device and independent t-test was performed. Selected tissues were prepared for histologic observation. RESULTS: The SLA group presented a higher mean removal torque value (6.286 Ncm) than the machined group (4.491 Ncm) which was statistically significant (p < 0.005). Histologic observation revealed a trend of more new bone formation in contact with the screw surface in the SLA group than the smooth group. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggested that SLA surface treatment can enhance the osseintegration potential for C-orthodontic mini-implants.

Removal torque of sandblasted large grit, acid etched treated mini-implant / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this study were to evaluate the differences between sand blasted, large grit and acid-etched (SLA) treated mini-implants and smooth surface orthodontic mini-implants in relation to the removal torque as well as the histologic analysis. METHODS: Custom-made, screw-shaped, titanium implants with a length of 9.5 mm and an outer diameter of 1.8 mm were divided into 2 groups; the SLA group (20 SLA treated orthodontic mini-implants) and the smooth surface group (20 smooth surface mini-implants), and placed in the tibia metaphysis of 10 rabbits. Each rabbit had 4 mini-implants placed, 2 in each tibia. The right tibia were implanted with the SLA group mini-implants and the left tibia had the smooth group mini-implants placed. Each mini-implant group were immediately applied with a continuous traction force of 150 g using a Ni-Ti coil spring. The rabbits were sacrificed 6 weeks post-surgically. Subsequently, the legs were stabilized, the Ni-Ti coil springs were removed and the mini-implants were removed under reverse torque rotation with a digital torque gauge. RESULTS: 6 weeks after placement, the SLA group presented a higher mean removal torque value (8.29 Ncm) than the smooth group (3.34 Ncm) and histologic analysis revealed a higher new bone formation aspect along the screw in the SLA group. CONCLUSION: Results of this study indicates that SLA treated mini-implants may endure higher orthodontic forces without loosening.

Level of perception of changed lip protrusion and asymmetry of the lower facial height / 대한치과교정학회지

OBJECTIVE: While one of the most prevailing motivations for seeking orthodontic treatment is to achieve good facial esthetics, understanding the level of a person's perception to the changes that have occurred on the face after orthodontic treatment is critical to the process of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. METHODS: 40 students attending art school participated in determining the level of their perception of changed lip position and facial asymmetry. Computer-graphic frontal face and facial profile photographs with balanced proportions were used to evaluate the level of a participant's perception of the changes in facial asymmetry and in lip position. RESULTS: Change of lip position over 2 mm and over a 3 mm change of facial asymmetry was perceived significantly. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that at least a 2 mm change of lip position was needed to be perceived after orthodontic treatment. The level of perception of the change in facial asymmetry was lower than that of the change in lip position. Information about facial changes given prior to the evaluation enhanced the level of perception.

Two Unusual Cases of Benign Acute Childhood Myositis

We describe two unusual cases of benign acute childhood myositis (BACM). A 24-month-old toddler presented with gait disturbance without the elevation of creatine kinase in the hyperacute stage of the disease, which initially led to an erroneous diagnosis. However, the following sample showed an elevation of creatine kinase, and the diagnosis of BACM was made. The other case was a 9-year-old girl who had three successive recurring gait disturbances with a delayed recovery from the third occurrence. Each episode occurred within a short period and was consistent with symptoms of BACM. These two cases may broaden the clinical spectrum of BACM.

Association of IL-10 Gene Polymorphism with Development of Atopy / 소아알레르기및호흡기학회지

PURPOSE: There has been accumulating evidence that interleukin-10 (IL-10) influences on the production of proinflammatory cytokines, regulating the development of atopic diseases. In this study, we tested the genetic association between IL-10 haplotype polymorphism and the development of atopy. METHODS: The frequency of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at positions- 1082 (A/G), -819 (C/T), -592 (A/C) and corresponding haplotypes in the promotor region of the IL-10 gene were analysed in 174 atopic and 130 non-atopic children using Taqman method. The data were assessed for correlations with the eosinophil count and total serum IgE concentration. RESULTS: Three haplotypes (ATA, ACC, GCC) were identified without any ambiguous phasing due to linkage disequilibrium among SNPs. The frequency of IL-10 haplotype ACC was higher in non-atopic children compared to atopic children. (P=0.04) The frequency of IL-10 haplotype ATA was higher in atopic children compared to non-atopic children, but a statistical significance was not found. (P=0.099) ATA/ATA and ATA/ACC accounted for 80 percent of six different genotypes. Although the frequency of ATA/ATA genotype was higher in atopic children, there was no statistical significance. Although medians of serum IgE level and total eosinophil count were higher among atopic children with ATA/ATA genotype than in atopic children with ATA/ACC, no statistical significance was found. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that IL-10 promotor polymorphism may be associated with a genetic risk factor for the development of atopy in Korean children.

Hepatic Veno-occlusive Disease after Combination Chemotherapy with Vincristine, Actinomycin-D, Cyclophosphamide: Successful Treatment with Glutathione and Vitamin E / 대한소아혈액종양학회지

Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is characterized by the narrowing or fibrous obliteration of terminal hepatic venules and small sublobular veins. The obliteration of blood flow may lead to tender hepatomegaly, ascites, hepatocellular necrosis, and possibly encephalopathy. Hepatic VOD is a well described complication after allogeneic and autologous stem cell transplantation (SCT) for malignancy. The intergroup rhabdomyosarcoma study (IRS) group has extensively used the combination chemotherapy of vincristine, actinomycin-D, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) for the treatment of rhabdomyosarcoma and hepatic VOD was rarely reported after the administration of VAC chemotherapy. We report a case of severe hepatic VOD which occurred in a 7 year-old boy with stage III rhabdomyosarcoma after VAC chemotherapy according to IRS-IV regimen. He developed persistent thrombocytopenia, tender hepatomegaly, jaundice, weight gain due to ascites and generalized edema, and was treated successfully with N-acetylcysteine, nitrate, green tea polyphenol, glutathione and vitamin E.

Clinical Course and Predictable Factors for Remission of Hashimoto' Thyroiditis in Children and Adolescents / 대한소아내분비학회지

PURPOSE:The natural course of Hashimoto' thyroiditis (HT) is so dynamic that the disease progresses to overt hypothyroid or spontaneous recovery. The authors reviewed the clinical course of this disease and analysed the possible predicting factors regarding remission. METHODS:Thirty nine patients with HT (38 girls and 1 boy) were studied retrospectively. Of these patients, 30 were followed for more than 2 years. The possible remission factors were analyzed at initial diagnosis and during follow-up period. RESULTS:The mean age at the diagnosis was 11.8+/-.1 years. Initial thyroid function was euthyroid in 38.5%, compensated hypothyroid in 35.9%, overt hypothyroid in 23.1%, and hyperthyroid in 2.6% of patients. Antithyroglobulin antibody (ATA) was positive in 94.7%, and antimicrosomal antibody (AMA) was positive in 74.4%. The overall remission rate was 53.3% during the follow-up period (51+/-7 months). Initial goiter size, thyroid function status, and autoantibody titer had no relation to the remission rate statistically. Follow-up autoantibody titers in remission group were marginally lower than those in nonremission group (P<0.1), and follow-up AMA titer was significantly higher than initial titers in nonremission group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: We could not find any predictable remission factors from the initial clinical and autoantibody status. But, during follow-up period, patients with lower autoantibody titers showed slight higher remission, and those with increasing AMA titer showed less remission. Above results suggest that we should monitor antithyroid antibody titer as well as thyroid function regularly.

A Case of Prenatally Detected Congenital Lobar Emphysema

Congenital lobar emphysema (CLE) is an overinflation of infantile pulmonary lobe caused by air trapping within the affected area. This is usually diagnosed on radiological findings postnatally. Most cases present in the neonatal period with signs of acute or chronic respiratory distress. There are only a few reports of CLE in the literature with prenatal sonographic feature documented. The routine use of prenatal sonography has helped to find fetal anomalies, such as fetal lung mass, that pose a challenge to early diagnosis, appropriate counselling, postnatal follow-up, and better outcome. A boy with CLE was detected by prenatal sonogram. He had a uniformly echogenic right lung with mediastinal shift to the left which was suspected type III congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation prenatally. He showed no evidence of respiratory distress at birth, but experienced progressive tachypnea and chest retraction. He had right middle lobectomy on the seventh postnatal day and pathologic diagnosis of CLE had been made. We report this rare case with brief review of literature. This is the first domestic case which was detected prenatally and confirmed pathologically after lobectomy.

A Case of Transient Myeloproliferative Disorder with Down Syndrome, Presented Hepatosplenomegaly on Prenatal Sonography

Down syndrome (DS) is associated with a higher incidence of leukemia than general population; the subtype is acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) in 50% of cases. DS is also strongly associated with transient myeloproliferative disorder (TMD), which is usually diagnosed during newborns and infants. Due to its difficulty in distinguishing TMD from acute leukemia (AL), the diagnosis of TMD should be made with extreme caution. Unlike AL, most cases of TMD resolve spontaneously within 3 months; blast cells disappear within 8 weeks in 80% and within 10 weeks in 90% of the surviving patients. Some infants with TMD, however, may have a severe complication leading into life-threatening clinical course with hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, liver impairment, respiratory distress, anemia, infection and hemorrhage. Rarely, AL can develop after remission of TMD. We report a case of TMD with DS in newly born infant who presented hepatosplenomegaly on prenatal sonography and improved with exchange transfusion, steroid.