ABSTRACT
Pancreatic islet β-cell destruction in type I diabetes mellitus is prominent, and there may not be any better drug if onecan stimulate the regeneration/protection of islet. The objective of this study is to isolate the islet and evaluation ofthe protective potential of the isolated islet of a saponin. The extraction and isolation of saponin Momordica dioica(SMD) were done, and purification was achieved through the fractional method of thin liquid chromatography thatyielded a pure saponin and was characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatographymass spectroscopy, Fourier transmission infrared, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The best optimized method for theisolation of rat pancreatic islets, islet viability, potential, insulin secretion, and intra-islet contents was performed, andalso, the insulin assay protective properties were assessed. The most optimum method was found to be the pancreasmincing and Collagenase Type XI digestion followed by cell straining (500μm), Ficoll gradient centrifugation and cellstraining (70μm). Glucose stimulated insulin secretion showed the islets secreted insulin in a dose dependent mannerwith respect to the different concentrations of glucose compared with their respective group indicating its functionality.MDA and NO results in STZ and high glucose conditions help in establishing the beta cell protective activity of SaponinMomordica dioica. All of these results are a promising signs of the diabetes patients.
ABSTRACT
Background: The aim of the current study is to evaluate the anti-tumor activity of saponins isolated from the roots of Momordica cymbalaria (MC) against dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced rats. Methods: A steroidal saponin MC (SMC) was isolated from MC fenzl and purified by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Breast cancer was induced in 50-day-old female Sprague-Dawley rats by injecting DMBA (6 mg/kg intravenous) in three doses on day 50, 54, and 57. The rats were randomized into four groups; control, DMBA, SMC (100 mg/kg), and tamoxifen (6.6 mg/kg) to DMBA breast cancer rats. The tumor size, volume, hormonal, antioxidant, and whole mount parameters were estimated. Results: Mean tumor size and volume, luteinizing hormone, and progesterone with superoxide dismutases, catalase, and glutathione levels increased significantly (p<0.001); serum estradiol, follicle stimulating hormone with lipid peroxidation decreased significantly (p<0.001) in DMBA-induced breast cancer and vice versa in SMC and tamoxifen. Terminal end buds, terminal ducts, alveolar buds, and lobules decreased significantly (p<0.001) in DMBA-induced breast cancer whereas increased significantly in SMC and tamoxifen. Histological necrosis and hemorrhage along with focal desmoplastic reaction in DMBA-induced breast cancer; ductile elongation and hyperplasia of both ducts and alveoli were prominent, with increased secretory activity in SMC group. The results confirmed the chemopreventive effect of SMC and tamoxifen in DMBA-induced breast cancer. Conclusions: The SMC exhibited anti-tumor activity against mammary cancer, which may be due to its anti-estrogenic, antioxidant activity.
ABSTRACT
Background: The aim of the current study was to evaluate invitro anticancer activity of saponins of MC on EAC cells by using cytotoxicity (MTT) assay. To evaluate in vivo antiangiogenic potential of saponins of MC on rat air sac angiogenesis, EAC induced peritoneal angiogenesis, CAM angiogenesis. Methods: MTT assay was carried out at different concentrations of saponins of MC in 12 microliter plates containing media with EAC cells. In rat air sac angiogenesis, carrageenin was injected (s.c.) into the air sac. Dexamethasone, indomethacin, saponins of MC was administered to identify the angiogenic activity. In EAC induced angiogenesis in peritoneum, EAC cells were administered through i.p in mice peritoneum. 5-fluoro uracil, (i.p) and saponins of MC (orally) was given to identify angiogenic activity. In CAM angiogenesis, erythropoietin was given to eggs on 8th day of incubation. saponins were given on the 12th day for two days to observe the antiangiogenic activity. Results: The observed cytotoxic effects of saponins of MC on EAC cells find statistically significant. There is significant reduction in vascular branching in rat air sac model; EAC induced peritoneal angiogenesis, CAM model by the saponins of MC. Conclusions: Due to lack of certain records, it is envisaged that the change of medicine both discontinuation as well as addition was done because of blood glucose control, cost factor [in case of pioglitazone] as well as patient’s compliance.
ABSTRACT
Glucose uptake by isolated diaphragms of both diabetic, following streptozotocin administration, and non-diabetic animals increased in presence of an oleanane-type triterpenoid saponin isolated from the roots of M. cymbalaria. Insulin release was augmented by the presence of the saponin of M. cymbalaria (1 mg/mL) in rat insulinoma cell line (RIN-5F) pre-exposed to adrenaline (5 µM) and nifedipine (50 µM). Pancreatic histology also indicated considerable quantitative increase in β-cells (75%) when treated with the saponin. The results suggest that the saponin of M. cymbalaria possesses potential antidiabetic activity with respect to insulin secretion, which may be attributed to modulation of calcium channel, and β-cell rejuvenation.