Inhibition of cell growth and induction of apoptosis by bilobalide in FaDu human pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Bilobalide isolated from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba has several pharmacological activities such as neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticonvulsant. However, the effect of bilobalide on cancer has not been clearly established. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of bilobalide on cell growth and apoptosis induction in FaDu human pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. This was examined by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, nuclear 4’,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole dihydrochloride staining, DNA fragmentation analysis, and immunoblotting. Bilobalide inhibited the growth of FaDu cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. Treatment with bilobalide resulted in nuclear condensation and DNA fragmentation in FaDu cells. Furthermore, it promoted the proteolytic cleavage of procaspase-3/-7/-8/-9 with increase in the amount of cleaved caspase-3/-7/-8/-9. Bilobalide-induced apoptosis in FaDu cells was mediated by the expression of Fas and the activation of caspase-8, caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. Immunoblotting revealed that the antiapoptotic mitochondrial protein Bcl-2 was downregulated, but the proapoptotic protein Bax was upregulated by bilobalide in FaDu cells. Bilobalide significantly increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. These results suggest that bilobalide inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in FaDu human pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma via both the death receptor-mediated extrinsic apoptotic pathway and the mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic apoptotic pathway.

Effect of Debriefing Based on the Clinical Judgment Model on Simulation Based Learning Outcomes of End-of-Life Care for Nursing Students: A Non-Randomized Controlled Trial

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to identify effects of debriefing based on the clinical judgment model for nursing students on their knowledge, skill performance, clinical judgment, self-confidence and learner satisfaction during simulation based end-of-life care (ELC) education. METHODS: Simulation based ELC education was developed in six steps as follows: selection of learning subjects and objects, development of learning tools, a trial run of simulation-based education, students' skill training, and evaluators' training. Forty-eight senior nursing students (25 in the experimental group and 23 in the control group) participated in the simulation-based ELC education using a high-fidelity simulator. Debriefing based on the clinical judgment was compared with the usual debriefing. RESULTS: ANCOVA showed that there were differences in knowledge (F=4.81, p=.034), skill performance (F=68.33, p < .001), clinical judgment (F=18.33, p < .001) and self-confidence (F=4.85, p=.033), but no difference in satisfaction (t=−0.38, p=.704) between the experimental and control groups. CONCLUSION: This study found that debriefing based on the clinical judgement model is effective for supporting nursing students for reflecting on clinical judgment and improving their diverse competencies in complex clinical settings such as ELC.

Histologic analysis of resorbable blasting media surface implants retrieved from humans: a report of two cases

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the degree of osseointegration of resorbable blasting media (RBM) surface implants retrieved from humans. Three implants in the mandibular molar region that were surface-treated with RBM were retrieved from two patients. The implants were used to manufacture specimens in order to measure the bone-implant contact (BIC) ratio. The BIC ratios of the three implants were found to be an average of 69.0%+/-9.1%. In conclusion, that RBM surface implants are integrated into the host environment with histological significance and the BIC ratio of the RBM surface-treated implant was not significantly different from that of other surface-treated implants.

Comparative study on the osseointegration of implants in dog mandibles according to the implant surface treatment

OBJECTIVES: This study compared the impact of implant surface treatment on the stability and osseointegration of implants in dog mandibles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six adult dogs received a total of 48 implants that were prepared using four different surface treatments; resorbable blast media (RBM), hydroxyapatite (HA), hydrothermal-treated HA, and sand blasting and acid etching (SLA). Implants were installed, and dogs were separated into 2- and 4-week groups. Implant stability was evaluated via Periotest M, Osstell Mentor, and removal torque analyzers. A histomorphometric analysis was also performed. RESULTS: The stability evaluation showed that all groups generally had satisfactory values. The histomorphometric evaluation via a light microscope revealed that the HA surface implant group had the highest ratio of new bone formation on the entire fixture. The hydrothermal-treated HA surface implant group showed a high ratio of bone-to-implant contact in the upper half of the implant area. CONCLUSION: The hydrothermal-treated HA implant improved the bone-to-implant contact ratio on the upper fixture, which increased the implant stability.

A comparative analysis of patients with mesiodenses: a clinical and radiological study

OBJECTIVES: A mesiodens appears most commonly as a supernumerary tooth impacted in the anterior maxilla. The purpose of this study is analyze mesiodens clinically. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gender, crown form, direction of impaction, relation to permanent incisors, and chief complaints of patients with extracted mesiodens were analyzed. RESULTS: Patients were analyzed for motivation to visit the hospital; 85.4% of the patients were referred from other hospitals. Mesiodens was more common in males than in females (3.7:1), and 70.1% of patients had only one mesiodens, while 29.6% had two mesiodenses. Of the mesiodenses, 61.4% were of the aconical form, and the most common direction was upward (62.4%), followed by the normal position (26.0%) and the horizontal position (11.6%). The mesiodenses caused orthodontic problems with the permanent incisors in 46.3% of cases. Mesiodens associated with dentigerous cyst was rarely observed in our patient group. CONCLUSION: Mesiodens is more common in males than in females and often affects the permanent incisors. Thus, careful clinical and radiological evaluations of mesiodenses are important.

Survival rate of Astra Tech implants with maxillary sinus lift

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical survival rate of Astra Tech implants in the maxillary molar region performed with sinus lift and bone graft. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-nine Astra Tech implants (Osseospeed) placed in the maxillary molar region using sinus lift from September 2009 to February 2012 were selected with a minimum follow-up period of 1 year. The height of alveolar bone, sinus approach technique, bone material and implant survival rate were evaluated. RESULTS: Of the 99 implants, the survival rate was 90.9%; 8 implants failed within 1 year after implant placement, and 1 implant failed 1 year after implant loading. All failed implants were placed with sinus lift simultaneously. The average height of alveolar bone before implant placement was 6.9 mm, while the height of alveolar bone of failed implants was 2.1 mm, on average. CONCLUSION: Astra Tech implants placed in the maxillary molar region had generally good survival rates, but the relationship between reduced pre-implant alveolar bone height and implant failure requires further attention.

Resorption of bone graft after maxillary sinus grafting and simultaneous implant placement

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the sinus bone graft resorption over 3 years after two-stage implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The subjects for this study included 30 patients whose maxillary posterior ridges were too atrophic for implants. Bone-added osteotome sinus floor elevation was used in 15 maxillary sinuses, while the bone graft by lateral approach technique was used in 25 maxillary sinuses. The height from the top of the fixture to the sinus floor was estimated immediately after implant placement and the follow-up period was over 3 years. The surgery was classified with two groups: sinus bone grafting with and without autogenous bone. All implants were placed simultaneously. RESULTS: The mean vertical bone loss was 3.15+/-2.95 mm. The survival rate of implants was 94.7%. CONCLUSION: The amount of bone resorption was not significantly associated with the surgical methods, the type of bone graft materials used, or sinus perforation during surgery.

Corrigendum: The seven-year cumulative survival rate of Osstem implants

This correction is being published to correct the errors of sentences and spelling in abstract.

The seven-year cumulative survival rate of Osstem implants

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to analyze the cumulative survival rate of Osstem implants (Osstem Implant Co., Ltd.) over a seven-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 105 patients who had 467 Osstem implants that were placed at the Section of Dentistry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital (Seongnam, Korea) from June 2003 through December 2005 were analyzed. The life table method and a cross-tubulation analysis, log rank test were used to evaluate the survival curve and the influence that the prognostic factors. The prognostic factors, i.e., age and gender of patients, diameter and length, type of implants, bone graft history and loading time were determined with a Cox proportional hazard model based on logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The seven-year cumulative survival rate of Osstem implants was 95.37%. The Cox proportional hazard model revealed that the following factors had a significant influence on survival rate; increased diameter, reduced prosthetic loading period and performance of bone grafting. CONCLUSION: The osstem implants showed satisfactory results over the seven-year study period.

Osteoradionecrosis of Jaw in Head and Neck Cancer Patient Treated with Free Iliac Bone and Umbilical Fat Pad Graft / 대한악안면성형재건외과학회지

Osteoradionecrosis is one of the most serious complications of patients receiving radiation therapy. It is characterized by hypovascularity, hypocellularity, and hypoxia-inducing necrosis of bone and soft tissue following delayed healing. In this case, a 72-year-old man was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery complaining of trismus following extraction three months before first visit. He had a history of right tonsillectomy, radical neck dissection and radiotherapy performed due to right tonsillar cancer seven years prior. After the diagnosis of osteoradionecrosis on right mandibular body and angle, conservative antibiotic therapy was used first, but an orocutaneous fistula gradually formed, and extensive bony destruction and sequestrum were observed. Sequestrectomy, free particulated iliac bone and umbilical fat pad graft were performed via a submandibular approach under general anesthesia. Preoperative regular exams and delicate wound care led to secondary healing of the wound without vascularized free flap reconstruction.

Use of Platelet-Rich Fibrin in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

Experimental Study of Osseointegration and Stability of Intentionally Exposed Hydroxyapatite Coating Implants

Guided Bone Regeneration Using Mineralized Bone Allograft and Barrier Membrane Derived from Ox Pericardium

Maxillary Sinus Augmentation Using Autogenous Teeth: Preliminary Report

Facial Nerve Palsy after Bilateral Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy: Case Report

Relationship between Physical Disability, Cognitive Disorder and Body Image in Stroke Patients / 재활간호학회지

PURPOSE: This study was to analyze the relationship the physical disability, cognitive disorder and body image. METHOD: The research was a descriptive relationship study. A sample is composed of 101 hospitalized stroke patients. Data were collected from November, 2005 to December, 2005. The survey instruments used in the study Sharon and Glen's physical disability scale, Lim's cognitive disorder scale and Osgood's body image scale. The collected data were analyzed frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, ANOVA, Duncan test, Pearsons' correlation coefficients. RESULT: The level of physical disability the score was 2.26, cognitive disorder 1.84 and body image 3.54. and they were relation to significant correlation. The body image showed significant negative correlation with physical disability, cognitive disorder. Physical disability showed significant positive correlation with cognitive disorder(r=.639, p=.000), and significant negative correlation with body image(r=-.420, p=.000). Cognitive disorder showed significant negative correlation with body image(r=-.620, p=.000). There were significant differences of body image by general characteristics as follows: age(p=.000), occupation(p=.004), education(p=.008), disease(p=.007). monthly income(p=.006), burden of medical expenses(p=.001), duration of stroke(p=.008). CONCLUSION: There was a significant correlation between physical disability, cognitive disorder and body image. there will be considered useful nursing intervention effect to physical disability, cognitive disorder and body image of stroke patients.

Analysis of Performance on Activities in Critical Pathway of Total Hip Replacement Surgery / 성인간호학회지

PURPOSES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent of performance on activities in critical pathway (CP) according to eight domains and six admission days on nursing records of patients who received total hip replacement surgery. METHODS: We reviewed 90 nursing records of patients who received total hip replacement surgery from June, 2004 to July, 2005 at C University Hospital. Data were collected using Hong's CP (2002) and were analyzed using ANOVA. RESULTS: The domain of diet was valued the highest in CP performance scoring, followed by the domains of assessment, activities, and test. There were differences in the performance scores according to the period of admission in all of the domains. Among 132 activities in the CP, 18 activities were completely performed, of which most included activities belonging to the domain of assessment on the admission day. Twelve activities were never performed, of which most included activities belonging to the domain of treatment on the day of operation and the first day after operation. CONCLUSIONS: Therefore, further studies on the development of a new system to increase CP utilization and on updating the contents of CP from the best practice based on evidence is recommended.