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@#Abstract: Objective To evaluate the completion and final effect of key parasitic disease prevention and control planning tasks in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2019, summarize the experience, find out the problems, and provide the basis for the next stage of prevention and control. Methods According to the requirements of the Final Evaluation Plan of the National Plan for the Prevention and Control of Hydatid Disease and Other Major Parasitic Diseases (2016-2020), a retrospective survey method was adopted to collect relevant data on the implementation and safeguard measures of the prevention and control of major parasitic diseases, and population infection status in Hubei Province in 2016-2019. Results From 2016 to 2019, We carried out 2 920 992 person times of publicity and education, 209 times of prevention and control technology training, 7 680 person times of business training, with an average of 52 sessions and 1 920 person times per year. We have allocated 3.445 2 million yuan for the prevention and control of parasitic diseases, including 1.722 2 million Yuan froom provincial government, to achieved full coverage of safe drinking water in rural areas under the current national standards, and 7.687 9 million harmless toilets have been built in rural areas. From 2016 to 2019, we carried out 39 658 person times of monitoring and disease investigation, the infection rate of human liver fluke was 0, and the infection rate of soil transmitted nematode was 0.42%. While the annual infection rates varied, there was no statistically significant difference in infection rate between years (χ2＝2.276, P>0.05), but there were statistically significant differences in the infection rates between various soil nematodes (χ2=112.807, P<0.01). From 2016 to 2019, a total of 5 393 people were detected at 17 monitoring points, with the serum positive rate of 3.93% for paragonimiasis, there was a statistically significant difference in serological positive rate between years (χ2=146.011, P<0.01); a total of 738 stream crabs were collected, and the infection rate of intermediate host was 16.26%, wtih a statistically significant difference in the infection rate of stream crabs between years (χ2=49.731, P<0.01). Conclusions From 2016 to 2019, we adhered to the prevention and control strategy of "prevention first, prevention and control combined", implemented comprehensively various prevention and control measures, and achieved remarkable results in Hubei Province. The key parasitic diseases have been in a low epidemic situation, meeting the requirements of the prevention and control objectives. But the transmission risk still exists, the next step is to continue to strengthen security and monitoring and consolidate the achievements of prevention and control.
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OBJECTIVE@#In order to solve the problem of inadequate CT screening ability in emergency medical rescue in remote mountainous areas, high-altitude areas, other public health events and sudden natural disasters, a vehicle-mounted mobile CT suitable for emergency medical rescue is studied.@*METHODS@#A vehicle chassis system suitable for long-distance transportation and a cabin system suitable for epidemic prevention and control was designed. A domestic 32-slice CT with small volume, light weight and high stability was selected to design a vehicle-mounted mobile CT suitable for emergency medical rescue.@*RESULTS@#The high-performance vehicle-mounted mobile CT can provide rapid support, and provide large-scale screening, emergency medical rescue, a supplement to daily CT scanning in peacetime and wartime.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The vehicle CT has high stability, fast scanning speed and high social and economic value.
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Objective To investigate the expression and role of the Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway in intestinal mucosal barrier injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods A total of 48 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham-operation group (Sham group), SAP model group (SAP group), SAP+Shh signaling pathway-specific agonist purmorphamine group (PUR+SAP group), and SAP+Shh signaling pathway-specific antagonist cyclopamine group (CYC+SAP group) using a random number table, with 12 rats in each group, and each group was further divided into 12-hour and 24-hour subgroups, with 6 rats in each subgroup. Rats were given retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the pancreatic and bile ducts to establish a model of SAP, and rats in the intervention groups were given intraperitoneal injection of 0.69 mg/kg purmorphamine and 0.69 mg/kg cyclopamine before modeling. Related samples were collected at 12 and 24 hours after modeling. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the pancreas and the ileum; ELISA was used to measure the serum levels of amylase, lipase, diamine oxidase (DAO), and endotoxin-core antibody (EndoCAb); the TUNEL method was used to observe the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells; Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of Shh, Ptch1, and Gli1 in ileal tissue. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t -test was used for further comparison between two groups; the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between multiple groups and further comparison between two groups. Results Compared with the Sham group, the SAP group had significant increases in the pathological scores of pancreatic and ileum tissue, the serum levels of lipase, amylase, DAO, and EndoCAb, the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, and the protein expression levels of Shh, Ptch1, and Gli1 in ileal tissue (all P < 0.05). Compared with the SAP group, the PUR+SAP group had significantly alleviated pathological injury and dysfunction of the pancreas and intestine, a significant reduction in the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, and significant increases in the protein expression levels of Shh, Ptch1, and Gli1 in ileal tissue (all P < 0.05). Compared with the SAP group, the CYC+SAP group had significant aggravation of the pathological injury and dysfunction of the pancreas and intestine, a significant increase in the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells, and significant reductions in the protein expression levels of Shh, Ptch1, and Gli1 in ileal tissue (all P < 0.05). Conclusion The Shh signaling pathway may be involved in intestinal mucosal barrier injury in SAP and exerts a protective effect.
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Objective: To establish reference values for carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) of adult dwellers in Shenzhen City. Methods: The study was conducted based on the Shenzhen heart failure epidemiological survey from 2021 to 2022. In this survey, residents aged 18 years and above in Shenzhen were selected by using a multi-stage stratified random sampling method. General information, cardiovascular disease (CVD) related behavior and carotid ultrasound examination and etc. were collected from the participants. People with CVD factors, a history of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, carotid plaque or having no carotid ultrasound examination results were excluded. The parameter regression model based on fractional polynomial was used to establish the reference values of CIMT by age and sex. Results: A total of 2 163 healthy individuals were enrolled in the final analysis, including 576 males (26.6%) and 1 587 females (73.4%). The fractional polynomial regression of the CIMT mean and standard deviation was obtained. For men, the regression was meanCIMT=0.324 7+0.006 9×age and SDCIMT=0.076 9+0.001 2×age. For women, the regression was meanCIMT=0.354 9+0.005 4×age and SDCIMT=0.041 6+0.002 0×age. Conclusion: The age and sex reference values for CIMT of adult people in Shenzhen established in this study could provide the latest reference standards for early screening of subclinical CVD.
Subject(s)
Male , Humans , Adult , Female , Carotid Intima-Media Thickness , Cardiovascular Diseases , Reference Values , Carotid Arteries/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Carotid Arteries , Risk Factors , Carotid Artery DiseasesABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the percentage of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers independently validated clinically in China. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey and Beijing, Shenzhen, Shijiazhuang, Datong, and Shihezi were selected according to the geographical location and economic level. In each site, one tertiary hospital, two community health centers, and 20 families with electronic sphygmomanometers in use were chosen. The information of electronic sphygmomanometers including brand, model, manufacturer and production date were obtained by the trained staff. Ten electronic sphygmomanometers from each hospital, five electronic sphygmomanometers from each community health center, and one electronic sphygmomanometer from each family were surveyed, and the user's subjective judgment results and judgment basis on the accuracy of the electronic sphygmomanometer measurement were collected. We searched six registration websites (Medaval, Stride BP, dabl Educational Trust, British and Irish Hypertension Society, American Medical Association and Hypertension Canada) and two research databases (PubMed and CNKI) for the clinical validation status of each electronic sphygmomanometer. Results: A total of 200 electronic sphygmomanometers were investigated in this study, of which only 29.0% (58/200) passed independent clinical validation. When stratified by users, the percentage of being clinical validated was 46.0% (23/50) for electronic sphygmomanometers in hospitals, 42.0% (21/50) for those in community health centers and 14.0% (14/100) for those in home use, respectively, and the proportions between the three groups were significantly difference (P<0.001). Doctors in tertiary hospitals and community health service centers judged the accuracy of electronic sphygmomanometers mainly on the basis of "regular correction" (41.0% (41/100)) and "comparison with other electronic sphygmomanometers" (20.0% (20/100)), while among home users, 41.0% (41/100) were not clear about the accuracy of electronic sphygmomanometers, and 40.0% (40/100) made the judgment by "comparison with the devices in hospitals". Conclusion: The clinical validation of in-use electronic sphygmomanometers in China is low. Most of users, including healthcare professionals, are not aware of clinical validation of electronic sphygmomanometers.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Pressure Determination , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sphygmomanometers , Hypertension/diagnosis , China , Electronics , Blood PressureABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of hydrogen peroxide (HP) pretreatment with low molarity on oxidative stress induced apoptosis of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Methods: The experimental research methods were used. BMSCs were isolated and cultured from two 2-week-old male BALB/c mice by the whole bone marrow culture method. The 3rd-7th passages of cells in logarithmic growth phase were used for the experiments after identification. According to the random number table (the same grouping method below), the cells were divided into 0 μmol/L HP group (without HP, the same below), 25 μmol/L HP group, 50 μmol/L HP group, 100 μmol/L HP group, 150 μmol/L HP group, 200 μmol/L HP group, 250 μmol/L HP group, and 300 μmol/L HP group in which cells were treated by the corresponding final molarity of HP, respectively. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry (n=4) after 24 hours of culture. The cells were divided into 0 μmol/L HP group, 25 μmol/L HP group, 50 μmol/L HP group, and 100 μmol/L HP group in which cells were treated by the corresponding final molarity of HP, respeclively. After 24 hours of culture, the protein expressions of B-lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-related X protein (Bax) were detected by Western blotting, and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was calculated (n=3). The cells were divided into 0 μmol/L HP group, 25 μmol/L HP group, 50 μmol/L HP group, 100 μmol/L HP group, 200 μmol/L HP group, and 300 μmol/L HP group in which cells were treated by the corresponding final molarity of HP, respectively. After 24 hours of culture, the protein expressions of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β) and phosphorylated GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β) were detected by Western blotting (n=3). The cells were divided into 0 μmol/L HP group, 50 μmol/L HP group, and 300 μmol/L HP group in which cells were treated by the corresponding final molarity of HP, respeclively, and HP pretreatment group with 50 μmol/L HP being added in advance for 12 h and then 300 μmol/L HP being added. After 24 hours of culture, the morphology and growth of cells were observed by inverted fluorescence microscopy (non-fluorescent condition) and immunofluorescence method, the apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry, the protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, cysteine aspartic acid specific protease-3 (caspase-3), caspase-9, cleavage caspase-3, cleavage caspase-9, GSK-3β, and p-GSK-3β were detected by Western blotting, and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio was calculated, with all the number of samples being 3. Data were statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni test. Results: After 24 hours of culture, compared with that in 0 μmol/L HP group, the apoptosis rate of cells did not change significantly in 25 μmol/L HP group, 50 μmol/L HP group, or 100 μmol/L HP group (P>0.05) but increased significantly in 150 μmol/L HP group, 200 μmol/L HP group, 250 μmol/L HP group, and 300 μmol/L HP group (P<0.01). After 24 hours of culture, compared with that in 0 μmol/L HP group, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio of cells increased significantly in 25 μmol/L HP group and 50 μmol/L HP group (P<0.05 or P<0.01) but decreased significantly in 100 µmol/L HP group (P<0.05). After 24 hours of culture, compared with those in 0 μmol/L HP group, the protein expression of GSK-3β in cells showed no significant change in 25 μmol/L HP group and 50 μmol/L HP group (P>0.05), the protein expressions of p-GSK-3β in cells significantly increased in 25 μmol/L HP group and 50 μmol/L HP group (P<0.01), the protein expressions of GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β in cells in 100 μmol/L HP group showed no significant change (P>0.05), the protein expressions of GSK-3β in cells in 200 μmol/L HP group and 300 μmol/L HP group were significantly increased (P<0.05). but the protein expression of p-GSK-3β in cells in 200 μmol/L HP group and 300 μmol/L HP group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). After 24 hours of culture, the morphology and growth of cells in 0 μmol/L HP group and 50 μmol/L HP group were similar and normal; in contrast, the cells in 300 µmol/L HP group became smaller and round, with the cell protrusions being shorter or disappeared, the nucleus being cavitated, and the cell abscission being increased significantly; the morphology of most cells in HP pretreatment group was normal, with the shedding of cells being less than that in 300 µmol/L HP group, and the morphology of nucleus being normal. After 24 hours of culture, the protein expression of caspase-9 was similar among the four groups (P>0.05). Compared with that in 0 μmol/L HP group, the apoptosis rate and the protein expressions of cleavage caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleavage caspase-3 of cells in 50 μmol/L HP group showed no significant changes (P>0.05), the Bcl-2/Bax ratio of cells in 50 μmol/L HP group increased significantly (P<0.05), the apoptosis rate and the protein expressions of cleavage caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleavage caspase-3 of cells in 300 μmol/L HP group were significantly increased (P<0.01), while the Bcl-2/Bax ratio of cells in 300 μmol/L HP group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with those in 300 μmol/L HP group, the apoptosis rate and the protein expressions of cleavage caspase-9, caspase-3, and cleavage caspase-3 of cells were significantly decreased in HP pretreatment group (P<0.05 or P<0.01), while the Bcl-2/Bax ratio of cells was significantly increased in HP pretreatment group (P<0.01). After 24 hours of culture, the protein expressions of GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β of cells in 0 μmol/L HP group, 50 μmol/L HP group, 300 μmol/L HP group, and HP pretreatment group were 1.09±0.14, 0.62±0.17, 1.35±0.21, 0.74±0.34, 0.68±0.03, 0.85±0.08, 0.38±0.10, and 0.54±0.09, respectively. Compared with those in 0 μmol/L HP group, the protein expression of p-GSK-3β of cells was significantly increased in 50 μmol/L HP group (P<0.05) but significantly decreased in 300 μmol/L HP group (P<0.01), while the protein expression of GSK-3β of cells was significantly increased in 300 μmol/L HP group (P<0.05). Compared with those in 300 μmol/L HP group, the protein expression of GSK-3β of cells was significantly decreased in HP pretreatment group (P<0.01), while the protein expression of p-GSK-3β of cells was significantly increased in HP pretreatment group (P<0.01). Conclusions: The molarity of 50 μmol/L may be the optimal molarity of HP to pretreat mouse BMSCs, and 50 μmol/L HP pretreatment can antagonize mitochondrial pathway of oxidative stress induced apoptosis by inhibiting the activity of GSK-3β.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Apoptosis , Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta/pharmacology , Hydrogen Peroxide/pharmacology , Mesenchymal Stem Cells , Oxidative StressABSTRACT
This paper introduced the current situation of medical equipment. Based on the current problems such as technology assessment difficulty, weak consciousness on maintenance management, less quality control during clinic use and backward information level, the standardized management based on the whole process quality control was proposed. Combined the whole process quality control system with the construction of quality management information, the management level of the medical equipment was enhanced. The application of standardized management based on the whole process quality control can make the medical equipment work better in the clinic and set a good foundation for the development of hospital.
Subject(s)
Hospitals , Information Management , Maintenance , Quality Control , Reference StandardsABSTRACT
With the growing attention on ecological environment problems and gradual realization of ecological environment value, environmental damage has jumped from administrative penalty to a new stage, judicial penalty, and environmental damage appraisal has provided a legal weapon to safeguard ecological security. As a new forensic category of China with high comprehensiveness and technical difficulty, environmental damage appraisal involves diversified and complex subjects, fields and appraisal objects, and is still in an early stage in terms of theory and practice. This study aims to provide an important reference for the improvement of the Chinese environmental damage appraisal system of environmental damage by summarizing advanced international experience in areas such as laws and regulations, working mechanism and technical system, and putting forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions based on the problems existing in the development and practice of environmental damage appraisal in China.
Subject(s)
Humans , China , Environment , Environmental Pollution/analysis , Forensic MedicineABSTRACT
Trimeresurus stejnegeri stejnegeri bite induces tissue swelling, pain, thrombocytopenia, rhabdomyolysis, and acute renal failure. However, the incidence of coagulopathy, factors associated with wound necrosis, and the appropriate management of this condition have not been well characterized yet. Materials: This study included patients bitten by T. s. stejnegeri that were admitted to the study hospitals from 2001 to 2016. Patient characteristics, laboratory data, and management approaches were compared in victims with and without wound necrosis. Results: A total of 185 patients were evaluated: three patients (1.6%) were asymptomatic; whereas tissue swelling and pain, local ecchymosis, wound necrosis, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, rhabdomyolysis, and renal impairment were present in 182, 53, 13, 15, 10, 1, and 3 patients, respectively. One patient died from coagulopathy and hemorrhagic shock. Antivenom was administered to all envenomed patients at a median time of 1.8 h after the bite. The median total dose of antivenom was five vials. Chi-square analysis showed that bitten fingers, using cold packs during first aid, presence of bullae or blisters, lymphangitis or lymphadenitis, local numbness and suspected infection to be significantly associated with wound necrosis. After adjustment using a multivariate logistic regression model, only cold packs as first aid, bulla or blister formation, and wound infection remained significant. Conclusions: The main effects of T. s. stejnegeri envenomation are tissue swelling, pain, and local ecchymosis. We do not recommend the use of cold packs during first aid to reduce wound pain, as this may be a risk factor for wound necrosis. In addition, patients with bulla or blister formation should be carefully examined for subsequent wound necrosis. Antiplatelet use may worsen systemic bleeding. No severe rhabdomyolysis or renal failure was observed in this large case series, we therefore considered that they were not prominent effects of T. s. stejnegeri bite.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Thrombocytopenia , Bites and Stings , Antivenins , Risk Factors , Trimeresurus , Crotalid Venoms , Necrosis , Wounds and InjuriesABSTRACT
Excess activation of cardiac fibroblasts inevitably induces cardiac fibrosis. Emodin has been used as a natural medicine against several chronic diseases. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of emodin on cardiac fibrosis and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Intragastric administration of emodin markedly decreased left ventricular wall thickness in a mouse model of pathological cardiac hypertrophy with excess fibrosis induced by transaortic constriction (TAC) and suppressed activation of cardiac fibroblasts induced by angiotensin II (AngII). Emodin upregulated expression of metastasis associated protein 3 (MTA3) and restored the MTA3 expression in the setting of cardiac fibrosis. Moreover, overexpression of MTA3 promoted cardiac fibrosis; in contrast, silence of MTA3 abrogated the inhibitory effect of emodin on fibroblast activation. Our findings unraveled the potential of emodin to alleviate cardiac fibrosis upregulating MTA3 and highlight the regulatory role of MTA3 in the development of cardiac fibrosis.
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Objective To study the effect of Carthamin Yellow (CY) on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion ability of breast cancer and its related molecular mechanisms. Methods CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell viability of MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by different concentrations of CY at different time;flow cytometry was used to test the apoptosis rate of MDA-MB-231 cells treated by different concentrations of CY and transwell assay was used to investigate the effect of various concentrations of CY on MDA-MB-231 cell migration and invasion.After the intervention of different concentrations of CY on MDA-MB-231 cells, apoptosis-related protein Cleaved-Caspase-3, survival protein p-Akt and metastasis-related protein MMP2 were detected by western blot. Results (1) CY could inhibit the proliferation of MDA-MB-231 cells in a dose-and-time-dependent manner. (2) CY significantly promoted the apoptosis of breast cancer cells ( <0.01) . (3) CY could decrease the expression of p-Akt and increase the expression of Cleaved-Caspase-3. (4) CY impaired migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells ( <0.01), and can inhibit the expression of MMP2. Conclusion CY could promote the apoptosis of breast cancer cells through activation of apoptosis signaling, and can inhibit breast cancer cell metastasis by suppressing MMP2. And CY may be a potential therapeutic drug for human breast cancer.
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Objective@#To investigate the clinical effect of 0.02% clobetasol propionate cream (CPC) on phimosis in prepubertal children.@*METHODS@#We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data about 237 prepubertal children with phimosis present at the Outpatient Department from June 2012 to December 2015. The patients were aged 2－14 (mean 8.6) years, all treated by topical application of 0.02% CPC to the narrowed opening and adhered part of the foreskin twice a day, in the morning and evening respectively. At the time of CPC application, the foreskin was slightly retracted. We evaluated the therapeutic effect every week from the end of the first week of treatment.@*RESULTS@#Totally, 233 of the patients completed the 8-week treatment, of whom 181 (77.68%) showed full retraction of the foreskin, 28 (12.01%) experienced improvement (disappearance of the phimotic ring), and 24 (10.30%) failed to respond, with a total effectiveness rate of 89.70%. No significant local or systemic adverse reactions were observed during the treatment.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Topical application of 0.02% Clobetasol Propionate Cream is a safe, effective, painless, and inexpensive option for the treatment of phimosis in prepubertal chilodren.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Administration, Topical , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Clobetasol , Foreskin , Gels , Outpatients , Phimosis , Drug Therapy , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
This study was designed to investigate the microRNA expression profile in human embryonic lung fibroblast 2BS cells upon salidroside (SAL) treatment, and predict the target genes of miRNAs and related pathways delaying cellular senescence. Samples were divided into three groups: young control (28 PD), old control (50 PD), and old+SAL (50 PD with SAL), RNA from three groups was used for miRNA microarray analysis. In late PD cells, 43 miRNAs were found significantly changed relatively to those in young cells, and 58 miRNAs were regulated by SAL. The miRNAs including hsa-let-7c, hsa-let-7e and hsa-mir-3620 were significantly down-regulated in late PD cells which could be reversed by SAL treatment. However, hsa-mir-411, hsa-mir-24-2-5p and hsa-mir-485-3p exhibited an opposite trend. Gene Ontology and Pathway analysis revealed that target genes were significantly enriched in 31 GO and 11 pathways. The microarray data was further validated with qRT-PCR. This research provides new clues regarding the underlying mechanisms of SAL on cellular senescence through miRNAs regulation.
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Tetrandrine (Tet), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has been reported to have a radiosensitization effect on tumors. However, its effects on human glioma and the specific molecular mechanisms of these effects remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that Tet has a radiosensitization effect on human glioma cells. It has been hypothesized that Tet has a radiosensitization effect on glioma cells by affecting the glioma cell cycle and DNA repair mechanism and that ERK mediates these activities. Therefore, we conducted detailed analyses of the effects of Tet on the cell cycle by performing flow cytometric analysis and on DNA repair by detecting the expression of phosphorylated H2AX by immunofluorescence. We used western blot analysis to investigate the role of ERK in the effect of Tet on the cell cycle and DNA repair. The results revealed that Tet exerts its radiosensitization effect on glioma cells by inhibiting proliferation and decreasing the expression of phosphorylated ERK and its downstream proteins. In summary, our data indicate that ERK is involved in Tet-induced radiosensitization of glioma cells via inhibition of glioma cell proliferation or of the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase.
Subject(s)
Humans , Blotting, Western , Cell Cycle , Cell Proliferation , DNA Repair , Fluorescent Antibody Technique , Glioma , PhosphorylationABSTRACT
Porous carbon nanoparticles ( NPC) were prepared by ZnCl2 activation and carbonization using citrus waste as carbon source. A sample pretreatment method with NPC as dispersive solid phase extraction (d-SPE ) absorbent was established for the determination of organophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables by gas chromatography. The NPC was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction ( XRD), FT-IR spectra, Raman spectroscopy, Brunauer, Emmett and Teller surface area(BET). Those results showed that the NPC was an amorphous porous carbon material with pore size in the range of 0-15 nm. Its specific surface area and pore volume were 1243 m2 / g and 1. 28 cm3 / g, respectively. The analysis conditions, including the amount and clean up time of adsorbent, were optimized by analysis of 14 kinds of oranophosphorus pesticides in fruits and vegetables with gas chromatography-flame photometric determination(GC-FPD). Moreover, the comparison for NPC with commercial materials of PSA, C18 and GCB was investigated in this study. The results indicated that the purification time was only 2 min using 0. 01 g NPC. The cost of NPC was about 25% of C18 , 21% of PSA and 16% of GCB. Because of the porous structure of NPC, the purification efficiency was significantly higher than the three commercial materials mentioned above. Under the optimum conditions, the calibration curves of the 14 organophosphorus pesticides were linear in the range of 0. 02-1. 00 mg / L with good correlation coefficients (R2>0. 99) and detection limits (S / N=3) of 0. 63-5. 30 μg / kg. The recoveries of the pesticides at three spiked levels ranged from 71. 3% to 114. 7%with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) of 0. 9% -12. 9% . The method is simple, rapid, sensitive, and low cost, and can satisfy the requirements of detection of organophosphorus pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables, displaying a good application prospect.
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Forest bathing trip is a short, leisurely visit to forest. In this study we determined the health effects of forest bathing trip on elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The patients were randomly divided into two groups. One group was sent to forest, and the other was sent to an urban area as control. Flow cytometry, ELISA, and profile of mood states (POMS) evaluation were performed. In the forest group, we found a significant decrease of perforin and granzyme B expressions, accompanied by decreased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and stress hormones. Meanwhile, the scores in the negative subscales of POMS decreased after forest bathing trip. These results indicate that forest bathing trip has health effect on elderly COPD patients by reducing inflammation and stress level.
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cytokines , Genetics , Metabolism , Forests , Gene Expression Regulation , Physiology , Lymphocyte Subsets , Physiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Pathology , Psychology , Therapeutics , RecreationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare therapeutic effects between unilateral decompression technique only and open decompression technique with fusion and internal fixation for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From March 2008 to February 2011, 82 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis were treated with operations, and divided into two groups. There were 13 males and 19 females in group A, with a mean age of (56.31±4.31) years old. The patients in group A were treated with unilateral decompression via fenestration technique only, including 23 patients obtaining single level decompression and 9 patients obtaining two levels decompression. In group B, there were 18 males and 32 females, with a mean age of (57.53±4.28) years old. The patients in group B were treated with open decompressive technique with fusion and internal fixation, including 38 patients obtaining single level decompression and 12 patients obtaining two levels decompression. The VAS of back pain and leg pain, ODI were recorded before and after surgery to evaluate low back pain,leg pain and walking tolerance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 10.9 to 43.4 months,with a mean of 32.8 months. There were no differences in age, stenosis level, VAS of back and leg pain and ODI before surgery between two groups. Compared with the corresponding ones in group B, the operation time, blood loss, hospitalization time,recovery time of routine daily life and finacial expenditure of patients were all shorter or less in group A. There was no statistically difference in complications between two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>"Unilateral decompression via fenestration technique" is a less invasive and more effective decompressive technique for degenerative spinal stenosis without posterior elements damage. It has advantages in operation time, blood loss, hospitalization time, recovery to daily life and financial expenditure. When controlling the operative indications strictly, the technique could be an important procedure for surgical treatment of degenerative spinal stenosis, especially in the elderly population.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Case-Control Studies , Decompression, Surgical , Methods , Lumbar Vertebrae , General Surgery , Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures , Methods , Spinal Fusion , Methods , Spinal Stenosis , General SurgeryABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the protective effect of retarded removal of the unilateral necrotic testis after long-time (> 24 h) spermatic cord torsion on the contralateral testis in rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-three male SD rats aged 21 -42 days were divided into a sham-operation group (n = 11), a torsion-reservation group (n = 12) and a torsion-orchiectomy group (n = 10). The rats of the sham-operation group received dartos pouch orchidopexy on the left testis, while those of the latter two groups underwent 720 degrees unilateral spermatic cord torsion on the left side. Ninety-six hours later, the rats of the torsion-reservation group received detorsion with the ipsilateral testis preserved, while those of the torsion-orchiectomy group underwent orchiectomy. Three months after operation, blood samples were obtained from the rats for measurement of serum testosterone and antisperm antibodies by ELISA, and meanwhile testes and epididymides were harvested for determination of the volumes of various structures and the diameter of seminiferous tubules with stereological methods.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were no significant differences in the level of serum testosterone among the three groups. Anti-sperm antibody positive was found in only 1 animal in the torsion-reservation group. The Leydig cell nuclei in the contralateral testis appeared larger in the torsion groups than in the sham-operation group. Marked morphological changes were observed in 1, 3 and 0 of the animals in the sham-operation, torsion-reservation and torsion-orchiectomy group, respectively, mainly including atrophy of seminiferous tubules and reduced number of spermatogenic cells. The volume of the contralateral testis was increased by 19% and 21% in the torsion-reservation and torsion-orchiectomy group, respectively, in comparison with that in the sham-operation group (P < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in the volume of seminiferous tubules of the contralateral testis among the sham-operation, torsion-reservation and torsion-orchiectomy groups ([1.15 +/- 0.07], [1.30 +/- 0.04] and [1.35 +/- 0.05] cm3). The volume of the interstitial tissue was significantly increased in the latter two groups ([0.36 +/- 0.02 and 0.34 +/- 0.03] cm3) as compared with the former ([0.25 +/- 0.02] cm3) (P < 0.05). The diameters of the seminiferous tubules exhibited no significant differences among the three groups ([226.00 +/- 7.00], [223.00 +/- 6.00] and [221.00 +/- 3.0] microm).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Long-time unilateral spermatic cord torsion may result in compensatory hypertrophy of the contralateral testis, and orchiectomy does not significantly affect the histology of the contralateral testis and epididymis.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Epididymis , Pathology , Necrosis , Orchiectomy , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Spermatic Cord Torsion , Pathology , General Surgery , Testis , Pathology , General SurgeryABSTRACT
Tooth bleaching agents may weaken the tooth structure. Therefore, it is important to minimize any risks of tooth hard tissue damage caused by bleaching agents. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of applying 45S5 bioglass (BG) before, after, and during 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) bleaching on whitening efficacy, physicochemical properties and microstructures of bovine enamel. Seventy-two bovine enamel blocks were prepared and randomly divided into six groups: distilled deionized water (DDW), BG, HP, BG before HP, BG after HP and BG during HP. Colorimetric and microhardness tests were performed before and after the treatment procedure. Representative specimens from each group were selected for morphology investigation after the final tests. A significant color change was observed in group HP, BG before HP, BG after HP and BG during HP. The microhardness loss was in the following order: group HP>BG before HP, BG after HP>BG during HP>DDW, BG. The most obvious morphological alteration of was observed on enamel surfaces in group HP, and a slight morphological alteration was also detected in group BG before HP and BG after HP. Our findings suggest that the combination use of BG and HP could not impede the tooth whitening efficacy. Using BG during HP brought better protective effect than pre/post-bleaching use of BG, as it could more effectively reduce the mineral loss as well as retain the surface integrity of enamel. BG may serve as a promising biomimetic adjunct for bleaching therapy to prevent/restore the enamel damage induced by bleaching agents.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Biomimetic Materials , Therapeutic Uses , Ceramics , Chemistry , Chemical Phenomena , Color , Colorimetry , Dental Enamel , Electron Probe Microanalysis , Glass , Chemistry , Hardness , Hydrogen Peroxide , Pharmacology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Protective Agents , Therapeutic Uses , Random Allocation , Solubility , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared , Time Factors , Tooth Bleaching , Methods , Tooth Bleaching Agents , Pharmacology , Water , Chemistry , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To perform molecular diagnosis for a Chinese pedigree with osteogenesis imperfecta type I.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty pairs of primers were designed to amplify all the 52 exons, exon boundaries and promoter region of the COL1A1 gene from genomic DNA of peripheral blood cells of the family members. The PCR products were purified and directly sequenced. To check the mutation in normal controls, the genomic DNA from peripheral blood cells of the index patient, his mother and 60 normal controls were analyzed by amplification refractory mutation system.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A missense mutation of GAT>CAT was identified at codon 1441 of the COL1A1 gene from the family, which resulted in the replacement of aspartic acid by histidine (D1441H). This mutation was not found in a group of 60 normal controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method for molecular diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta was established and a novel COL1A1 gene mutation, D1441H, was identified in the Chinese pedigree with osteogenesis imperfecta type I.</p>