Positive correlation between microalbuminuria and severity of coronary artery stenosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes mellitus [DM] is the most prevalent metabolic disease worldwide and is associated with coronary artery disease [CAD]. Therefore it is very important to find a clue to diagnose the presence of CAD as early as possible in DM patients. The aim of this study was to find any correlation between microalbuminuria [MAU] and the severity of CAD in patients with DM type 2. This was a cross sectional study that included 77 DM type 2 patients with suspected CAD that all of whom were performed coronary angiography in our hospital [from 2010 to 2011]. Patients were divided into two groups, the case group [group 1] that includes patients with MAU and the control group [group 2] that include patients without MAU. Severity of CAD was estimated by using Gensini score and MAU was defined as the ratio of urine albumin to urine creatinine. Of 77 patients forty three [55.8%] were female, mean +/- SD of their ages was 55.8 +/- 10.3 and sixteen [21%] of them had MAU. Gensini score of case group was significantly higher than control group [94.94 +/- 12 versus 33.25 +/- 25.4, P<0.001]. The linear regression analysis revealed urinary albumin to creatinine ratio [UA/CR] as an independent predictor for the severity of CAD [P<0.001]. Based on the ROC curve, 10.25 was the best albumin level cut off point for differentiating Gensini score over and below 70. Area under curve was 0.9; sensitivity and specificity were 72% and 80%, respectively [P<0.001]. According to this study, in patients with DM type2, MAU is an independent predictor of severity of coronary artery stenosis and reveals a positive correlation between MAU and the Gensini score

comparison between sublingual misoprostol and intravenous oxytocin for inducing labor in women with term pregnancy

In this study efficacy of sub lingual Misoprostol was examined in comparison to Oxytocin [I.V.] for inducing of labor in term pregnancy. Seventy patients were allocated by blocked randomization to Groups A [n=35, sub lingual Misoprostol 25 micro g four hourly to maximum of 5 doses] and B [n=35, continuous Oxytocin infusion]. Delivery active phase and total labor phase were shorter with sublingual Misoprostol in comparison to intravenous Oxytocin [p< 0.001] and the rate of cesarean section was lower in Misoprostol group [p<0.04] but delivery latent phase, meconium staining, uterine hypertonisity and apgar score [1 and 5 minute] were similar in two groups. Sublingual Misoprostol is better than intravenous Oxytocin for induction of labor at term

Prophylactic effect of dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients undergoing stapedectomy surgery

Nausea and vomiting after middle ear surgery as one of the most common complications after surgery is considered to become the ground for the incidence of other adverse consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 16 mg prophylactic intravenous dexamethasone on postoperative nausea and vomiting after stapedectomy. In a randomized double-blind controlled trial study, 70 patients candidate for stapedectomy divided into two equal groups, using the same sedation by single surgeon. While the case group received 16 mg Dexamethasone half an hour before surgery, the control group received 4ml intravenous saline as a placebo. Patients controlled 1-24 hours after the surgery in terms of nausea and vomiting and dependent variables such as vertigo and tinnitus. 70 patients [38 females and 32 males] were enrolled in this study. The rate of postoperative Nausea and vomiting in Case group was 31/4% [equal to 11 patients] and in control group was 60% [equal to 21 patients]. The different was statistical significant [p=%3]. The prophylactic use of 16 mg intravenous dexamethasone half an hour before surgery can significantly reduce incidence of nausea and vomiting after stapedectomy