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1.
Rev. colomb. nefrol. (En línea) ; 7(supl.2): 343-353, jul.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1251597

ABSTRACT

Resumen El objetivo del presente trabajo fue presentar una serie de casos de COVID-19 con manifestaciones atípicas de la enfermedad. Los casos fueron atendidos por un equipo interdisciplinario de personal de la salud de una clínica de cuarto nivel en Barranquilla, Colombia, y posteriormente los investigadores tomaron los datos de las historias clínicas. Se evaluaron tres casos: el primero tuvo evolución tórpida y coinfección con virus de la influenza H1N1 y los otros dos, manifestaciones gastrointestinales como debut de la enfermedad; todos tuvieron desenlace satisfactorio. La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 cada día cobra más vidas, por lo que para identificar oportunamente a los infectados y tomar medidas tanto terapéuticas como de prevención y así evitar la propagación de la enfermedad y lograr su control, es necesario realizar reportes de caso en donde se evidencie la diversa variedad de presentaciones de COVID-19.


Abstract The objective of this work is to present a series of cases of COVID-19 with atypical manifestations of the disease. The cases were evaluated by an interdisciplinary team of health personnel from a fourth-level clinic in Barranquilla, Colombia, and the data was subsequently taken from the clinical history of each patient. Three cases were evaluated, initially the first case with torpid evolution, coinfection with H1N1 influenza virus, however, with satisfactory outcome, and cases two and three with gastrointestinal manifestations as disease debut, with satisfactory evolution. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic takes more lives every day, so it is necessary to describe the cases and their diverse variety of presentation, to identify the infected and take both therapeutic and preventive measures. To prevent the spread of the disease and achieve its control.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Case Reports , COVID-19 , Therapeutics , Colombia , Diagnosis , Pandemics
2.
Infectio ; 23(supl.1): 73-91, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-984511

ABSTRACT

Los pacientes con infección por VIH tienen una mayor incidencia de eventos cardiovasculares en comparación con la población general; los factores que contribuyen al incremento del riesgo de eventos cardiovasculares son la prevalencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular tradicionales (FRCV), la infección por VIH que condiciona tanto un proceso de inflamación crónica como alteración de la función endotelial y la exposición a los antirretrovirales. Los factores que deben ser objeto de intervención son los FRCV tradicionales, en especial la alta tasa de fumadores entre este grupo de pacientes, la tamización y tratamiento de HTA, el síndrome metabólico y el acceso temprano a la terapia antirretroviral con medicamentos con mayor perfil de seguridad . Esta guía pretende proveer información y recomendaciones en el ámbito nacional acerca de la relación entre la infección por VIH/SIDA (Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida), uso de antirretrovirales y riesgo cardiovascular.


Patients with VIH infection have greater risk for cardiovascular diseases compared to general population. Risk factors that increase the frequency of cardiovascular events are: presence of cardiovascular traditional risk factors, chronic inflammation by HIV that impairs endothelial function and the exposure to antiretrovirals. The factors that should be the target for intervention are the traditional know cardiovascular factors such, especially high rate of smokers, screening and treatment for hypertension, metabolic syndrome and early access to HAART. The present guidelines provides information about the use of antiretrovirals in patients with HIV and its relation with cardiovascular risk.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases , HIV , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Association , Communicable Diseases , Risk Factors , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome , Colombia , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Consensus , Anti-Retroviral Agents , Infections
3.
Salud UNINORTE ; 35(2): 187-204, mayo-ago. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1115901

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar el impacto sobre la resistencia bacteriana de la revisión previa de la prescripción de antibióticos por parte del servicio farmacéutico en hospitales de mediana y alta complejidad del departamento del Atlántico (Colombia). Metodología: Se analizaron los valores de resistencia de bacterias Gram positivas, Enterobacterias y Gram negativos no fermentadores reportados en cinco institutos prestadores de salud (IPS) del departamento del Atlántico, en dos periodos (preintervención e intervención), de 12 meses cada uno, entre junio de 2015 y mayo de 2017. Resultados: Durante los dos periodos de estudio se identificaron 68 microorganismos en 8590 aislamientos microbiológicos provenientes de muestras de orina (40,3 %), sangre (21,7 %), tejidos (8,5 %) y otras (29,5 %). Los microorganismos aislados más frecuentemente fueron Escherichia coli (28,9 %), Staphylococcus coagulasa negativo (12,1%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12,0 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11,1 %) y Staphylococcus aureus (7,2 %). Durante los dos periodos la resistencia global osciló entre 27 y 40 %. Durante la Preintervención la resistencia osciló entre el 33 y el 39 %, mientras que durante la Intervención estuvo entre el 27 y 40 %. Al comparar los periodos de estudio solo hubo disminución significativa de la resistencia en los primeros nueve meses del periodo de intervención (p < 0.05). Conclusiones: Los valores de resistencia bacteriana reportados en el periodo de intervención fueron menores que en el periodo de preintervención. Se evidenció que la revisión previa de la prescripción por parte del servicio farmacéutico en las instituciones participantes influye en una disminución significativa de la resistencia bacteriana, pero que esta debe ser tanto continua como incremental.


ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the impact on bacterial resistance of the previous review of the prescription of antibiotics by the pharmaceutical service in medium and high complexity hospitals of the Department of Atlántico (Colombia). Methodology: Resistance values were analyzed for Gram-positive bacteria, Enterobacte-rial and non-fermenting Gram-negative bacteria reported in five health care institutions (IPS) of the Atlántico Department, in two periods (pre-intervention and intervention), of 12 months each between the months of June 2015 and May 2017. Results: During the two study periods, 68 microorganisms were identified in 8,590 microbiological isolates from urine samples (40.3 %), blood samples (21.7 %), tissues (8.5%) and others (29.5 %). The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Escherichia coli (28.9 %), Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (12.1 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (12.0 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (11.1 %) and S. aureus (7.2 %). During both periods the global resistance ranged between 27 and 40 %. During the Pre-intervention the resistance ranged between 33 and 39 %, while during the Intervention it was between 27 and 40 %. When comparing study periods, there was only significant decrease in resistance in the first nine months of the intervention period (p <0.05). Conclusions: the bacterial resistance values reported during the intervention period were lower than in the pre-intervention period. It was evidenced that the previous revision of the prescription by the pharmaceutical service in the participating institutions influences a significant decrease of the bacterial resistance; but that this must be both continuous and incremental.

4.
São Paulo; s.n; s.n; nov. 2014. 106 p. tab, graf, ilus.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-836783

ABSTRACT

As microalgas são candidatas promissoras para a produção em larga escala de biocombustíveis devido a sua alta eficiência fotossintética. No entanto, os custos relativamente altos de produção por baixas produtividades em lipídios têm sido um dos principais obstáculos que impedem sua produção comercial. Portanto, é necessário focar a pesquisa no aumento da biomassa e na produtividade em lipídios, através do desenvolvimento de biorreatores e técnicas de cultivo inovadoras. Numa primeira fase, este estudo mostra a otimização dos regimes de adição de nutrientes no cultivo de Neochloris oleoabundans em fotobiorreatores tubulares, determinando que a melhor metodologia de adição de CO2 é adicionando-o de forma intermitente e automatizada, enquanto que o melhor processo de alimentação de nitrogênio é por meio de um processo em batelada alimentada tomando como uma referência a produtividade diária de biomassa. Na segunda etapa, foi testada a influência de agentes estressores adicionados ao cultivo sob carência de nitrogênio, tais como tiossulfato de sódio como agente redutor e cloreto de sódio e glicerina como agentes de choque osmótico, buscando um acúmulo de lipídios na biomassa. Os resultados mostraram que o tiossulfato de sódio em 1,2 mM e o cloreto de sódio em 2,2 mM aumentaram o total de lipídios em 21% e 25%, respectivamente. Finalmente, foram testados diferentes regimes de luz, com um esquema 12:12, sendo 12 horas de luz fluorescente e 12 horas com um sistema distinto: escuro, diodos emissores de luz (LED) vermelha e LED branca. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com LED branca, com um acúmulo de lipídios de até 27% da biomassa seca e uma concentração final de células de 2335mg/L, estabelecendo assim um método de iluminação econômica com alta produtividade (145mg / L dia)


Microalgae are promising candidates for large-scale global biofuel production because of their high photosynthetic efficiency. However, relatively high production costs due to low lipid productivity have been one of the major obstacles impeding their commercial production. Therefore, it is necessary to accurate the research into an increase in biomass and oil productivity, by means of novel bioreactors' design and cultivation techniques. On a first stage, this study shows the optimization of nutrients' addition regimes in Neochloris oleoabundans cultivation in tubular photobioreactors, finding that the best CO2 addition methodology is an automatized intermittent adding and the best feeding process for nitrogen is a fed-batch process taking as a reference the daily biomass productivity. On the second step, it was tested the influence of stressing agents added to the culture under nitrogen starvation, such as sodium thiosulphate for reducing environment and sodium chloride and glycerol for osmotic shock, aiming lipid accumulation in the biomass. The results showed that sodium thiosulphate at 1,2mM and sodium chloride at 2,2mM raised the total lipids up to 21% and 25% respectively. Finally, there were tested different light regimes, with a scheme 12:12, being 12 hours of fluorescent light and 12 hours of a singular system: dark, red light-emitting-diodes (LED) and white LED. The best results were obtained with white LED, with an accumulation up to 27% of dry biomass and a final cell concentration up to 2335mg/L, establishing an economic illumination method with high productivity


Subject(s)
Stress, Mechanical , Biomass , Microalgae/growth & development , Lipids/pharmacology , Osmotic Pressure , Thiosulfates/pharmacology , Photobioreactors/classification
5.
Acta méd. colomb ; 38(4): 222-227, oct.-dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-700454

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: estimar el riesgo cardiovascular y la prevalencia de síndrome metabólico de un grupo de pacientes VIH positivos de la región caribe colombiana. Métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de un grupo de 90 pacientes de ambos géneros, VIH positivos que asisten al programa de control de la EPS SURA. Se estimó la frecuencia síndrome metabólico, riesgo cardiovascular y el tipo de esquema de tratamiento. Resultados: 72,2% son hombres con edad media de 39.7 años (IC95%: 37.3-42.1) la edad promedio general fue de 40.9 años (IC95%: 38.7-43.0). El 5.4% eran diabéticos y 14.1% fueron hipertensos. El 87.8% recibía algún esquema de tratamiento. La frecuencia de síndrome metabólico fue 46% en pacientes en tratamiento con inhibidores de proteasa frente a un 36% en los que no usan tratamiento. Casi la mitad del grupo tenía un índice de masa corporal (IMC) en sobrepeso y obesidad (36 y 13% respectivamente). Conclusiones: se detectó un porcentaje alto de insulinorresistencia (36%) en nuestros pacientes VIH positivos. Se requieren medidas eficaces para prevenir el curso natural de esta entidad. (ActaMed Colomb 2013; 38: 222-227).


Objective: to estimate cardiovascular risk and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in a group of HIV-positive patients in the Colombian Caribbean region. Methods: we conducted a descriptive study of a group of 90 patients of both genders HIV positive seen in the control program of EPS SURA . Frequency of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular risk and type of treatment schedule, were estimated. Results: 72.2% were male with an average age of 39.7 years (95% CI: 37.3-42.1) overall average age was 40.9 years (95% CI: 38.7-43.0). 5.4% had diabetes and 14.1% were hypertensive. 87.8% received a treatment regimen. The frequency of metabolic syndrome was 46% in patients treated with protease inhibitors compared to 36% in those not being treated. Almost half of the group had a body mass index (BMI) in overweight and obesesity (36 and 13% respectively). Conclusions: we found a high percentage of insulin resistance (36%) in our HIV positive patients. Effective measures are required to prevent the natural course of this entity. (Acta Med Colomb 2013;38: 222-227).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , HIV , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active , Metabolic Syndrome , Heart Disease Risk Factors
6.
Rev. peru. cardiol. (Lima) ; 33(2): 58-66, mayo-ago. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-538473

ABSTRACT

Objetivos. El cierre de la Comunicación Interauricular (CIA) a través de diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas mínimamente invasivas viene suscitando interés en los últimos años. Presentamos nuestra experiencia utilizando la miniesternotomía para el cierre de la CIA en niños. Material y Método. Diecinueve pacientes, con edades entre 8 meses y 9 años, fueron sometidos a cierre quirúrgico electivo de CIA. Fue realizada esternotomía parcial desde la apófisis xifoides hasta dos espacios intercostales en sentido cefálico (incisión media de 6 centímetros). La preparación para circulación extracorpórea (CEC) fue íntegramente realizada a través de esta incisión. Utilizamos una única dosis de cardioplegia sanguínea fría. En 7 casos se suturó directamente el defecto y en 12 utilizamos parche de pericardio autólogo. Ningún instrumento quirúrgico especial fue necesario. Resultados. No ocurrieron muertes hospitalares ni tardías; no hubo necesidad de conversión a esternotomía total, ni cambio del local de canulación. Los tiempos de CECe isquemia fueron equivalentes a los empleados a través de esternotomía convencional, así como la permanencia hospitalar. Todos los pacientes fueron extubados precozmente. Complicaciones mayores estuvieron ausentes. No hubo ningún caso de inestabilidad esternal, ni infección de herida operatoria. Conclusiones. El cierre de la CIA en niños puede realizarse a través de la técnica de miniesternotomía; es un procedimiento seguro, no requiere de aparatos especiales, es reproducible en la mayoría de niños y favorece una rápida recuperación de estos pacientescon un resultado estético satisfactorio.


Objectives. The closure of the Atrial Septal Defect (ASD), through different minimally invasive techniques have been arrousing interest in the past few years. In this paper we are presenting our experience using a ministernotomy to close ASD in children. Methods and Materials. Nineteen patients were electively operated to close an ASD, with ages varying between 8 months and 9 years. A partial sternotomy that began at the xyphoid process and extended to two subsequent intercostal spaces cefalad (mean incision extension of 6 cm). Preparation for bypass was all through this incisionin the conventional way. A single dose of cold blood cardioplegia was used. In 5 cases a direct suture of the defect was made and in other 5 an autologus pericardial patch was used. No other special material or instrument was used. Results. There were no in house nor late deaths; andnone of the cases needed conversion to full sternotomyor change of cannulation sites. Bypass and crossclamp times were equivalent to those with full sternotomy as wellas in house permanence. All patients were extubated inthr operating room. There were no major complications nor wound infections or sternal instability. Conclusions. ASD closure in children can be made through the mini sternotomy technique. ItÆs safe and reproducible in most infants and does not require specialor sophisticated equipment. Favours rapid healing with a satisfactory esthetic result.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Heart Defects, Congenital/surgery , Thoracic Surgery
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