Analysis on Influencing Factors of Ethical Cognition of Nursing Staff in Intensive Care Unit / 中国医学伦理学

【Objective:】 To explore the influencing factors of ethical cognition of intensive care unit (ICU) nursing staff. 【Methods:】 The convenient sampling method was used to select 530 ICU clinical nursing staff from 4 grade A tertiary hospitals in a city from May 2019 to May 2021 as the subjects. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were used to determine the influencing factors of ethical cognition of ICU nursing staff. 【Results:】 The results of univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in ethics committee knowledge scores and research ethics knowledge scores of nursing staff with different education levels, professional titles, attitudes, and training experiences (P<0.05). Among them, nursing staff with a bachelor’s degree or above had a higher total score of ethical cognition than those with a specialized degree or below (P<0.05), the total score of ethical cognition among professor of nursing was higher than that of nurses, nurse practitioners, and nurses-in-charges (P<0.05), the total score of ethical cognition among nursing staff with positive attitudes was higher than that of general positive nursing staff (P<0.05), and the total score of ethical cognition of nurses with training experience was higher than that of those without training experience (P<0.05). The results of multivariate analysis showed that education level, professional title, attitude, and training experience were all influencing factors of the ethical cognition among ICU nursing staff (P<0.05). 【Conclusion:】 Education level, professional title, attitude, and training experience are all influencing factors affecting the ethical cognition of ICU nursing staff, and the above factors should be combined to improve the cognitive ability of ICU nursing staff through multiple ways.

Advances in the efficacy and safety of scleral collagen cross-linking in the prevention and treatment of pathologic myopia / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

In 2004, it was the first time that Wollensak and Spoerl had applied physical and chemical cross-linking methods to scleral tissue. They found that the biomechanical strength of cross-linked sclera, induced by riboflavin/ultraviolet A, glyceraldehyde and glutaraldehyde, could be improved and proposed that scleral collagen cross-linking is expected to be a new method for the treatment of pathologic myopia. In recent years, a series of explorations have been made on the effectiveness and adverse reactions of physical and chemical cross-linking in the prevention and treatment of pathologic myopia, including the establishment of various animal models and different myopia modeling methods, the improvement of cross-linking methods, the amelioration of the measurement of biomechanical strength of scleral tissue and the attention of biological parameters such as the thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer and the amplitude of electroretinogram in vivo. Genipin-crosslinking of the scleral collagen combined with posterior scleral contraction/reinforcement has been applied to clinical research. This review summarizes physical cross-linking and the genipin-crosslinking of scleral collagen to explore the effectiveness and safety of the methods in the prevention and treatment of the pathologic myopia.

Aconite aqueous extract inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma through CCL2-dependent enhancement of natural killer cell infiltration / 中西医结合学报

OBJECTIVE@#Aconite is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has been found to inhibit the development of liver cancer; however, its exact molecular mechanisms in this process remain unclear. This study explores how aconite aqueous extract (AAE) inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).@*METHODS@#An in vivo mouse model of subcutaneous liver cancer was established. After AAE treatment, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to determine the effect of AAE on natural killer (NK) cells. Subsequently, C57BL/6 mice were used to establish the subcutaneous tumor model, and a group of these mice were treated with anti-PK163 antibody to remove NK cells, which was verified by flow cytometry and IHC. The effect of AAE on the proliferation of HCC cells in vitro was determined using cell counting kit-8. The effect of AAE on chemokine production in HCC cells was measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effect of AAE on the migration of NK cells was determined using a transwell assay. Finally, the molecular mechanism was investigated using the Western blotting method.@*RESULTS@#We demonstrated that the ability of AAE to induce overexpression of the cytokine C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) in HCC cells is fundamental to the infiltration of NK cells into the tumor bed. Mechanistically, we found that the upregulation of CCL2 was achieved by the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase but not extracellular regulated protein kinase or p38.@*CONCLUSION@#Our findings suggest that AAE can be used as an effective immune adjuvant to enhance antitumor immunity by increasing NK cell infiltration into tumors, which could help to improve the efficacy of HCC treatments. Please cite this article as: Yang KD, Zhang X, Shao MC, Wang LN. Aconite aqueous extract inhibits the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma through CCL2-dependent enhancement of natural killer cell infiltration. J Integr Med. 2023; 21(6): 575-583.

Analysis of Agranulocytosis Time and Its Influencing Factors in Patients with Hematological Malignancies Treated with rhIL-11 combined rhG-CSF / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the intervention effect of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) and recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) on the duration and severity of agranulocytosis in patients with hematological malignancies after chemotherapy, and to analyze the influencing factors.@*METHODS@#The data of hematological malignancy patients treated with rhIL-11 and rhG-CSF after chemotherapy in the hematology department of The First Hospital of Lanzhou University from July 2017 to July 2020 were collected retrospectively. The duration and differences of agranulocytosis in differeent groups were compared by univariate analysis, and the influencing factors of agranulocytosis duration were further analyzed by multiple regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#The duration of agranulocytosis in 97 patients was 6.47±2.93 days. The results of univariate analysis showed that there were no statistical differences in the duration of agranulocytosis among patients with different sex, age, height, weight, body surface area, body mass index (BMI), dose of rhG-CSF, dose of rhIL-11, spontaneous bleeding after administration of rhG-CSF and rhIL-11, and the duration of agranulocytosis in patients with different red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin(HGB) level, platelet count (PLT) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC), before administration of rhG-CSF and rhIL-11. There were significant differences in agranulocytosis time among patients with different disease types, chemotherapy cycle, fever after rhG-CSF and rhIL-11 administration, and different white blood cell count (WBC) baseline level before rhG-CSF and rhIL-11 administration (P＜0.05). Compared with patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) had the longest duration of agranulocytosis, which was 7.07±3.05 d. Compared with patients with chemotherapy cycles of 4－6 and ≥7, patients with total chemotherapy cycle of 1－3 had the shortest duration of agranulocytosis, which was 5.25±2.48 d. Compared with patients without fever, patients with fever within 1 day after administration of cytokines and patients with fever within 2-5 days after administration of cytokines, the duration of agranulocytosis was the longest in patients with fever 6 days after administration of cytokines, which was 8.85±2.85 d. Compared with patients with WBC baseline <1.0×109/L, (1.0－1.9)×109/L and (2.0－3.9)×109/L, patients with WBC baseline ≥4.0×109/L had the shortest duration of agranulocytosis, which was 4.50±2.56 d. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that chemotherapy cycle, different fever after administration of rhG-CSF and rhIL-11, diagnosis of ALL and NHL, and WBC baseline level before administration of rhG-CSF and rhIL-11 were the influencing factors of the duration of agranulocytosis (P＜0.001).@*CONCLUSION@#The risk of prolonged agranulocytosis is higher in patients diagnosed with AML, with more chemotherapy cycles, lower WBC baseline before cytokines administration and fever later after cytokines administration, which should be paid more attention to.

Survey on visual acuity and refractive status of preschool children in Xining City, Qinghai Province / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM:A total of 1 084 preschool children in 4 kindergartens in Xining City were surveyed on their visual acuity and refraction status to find out abnormal vision and refraction beyond the normal range. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey study. The overall sampling method was used on October 2019, a total of 1 084 preschool children aged 3-6 years were selected from a kindergarten in the east, west, south and north of Xining City. The children were checked for uncorrected distance vision and refractive status was checked by using a refractive screener.RESULTS: The detection rate of abnormal vision in preschool children in Xining City was 12.21%, and the detection rate of abnormal vision increased with the increasing age(χ2lineartrend=94.40, P&#x003C;0.05), and there were differences among different age groups(χ2=293.55, P&#x003C;0.05). Refractive abnormalities accounted for 6.09% of the total number of examinations. With the increasing age, the proportion of compound hyperopic astigmatism decreased(χ2lineartrend=1.79, P&#x003E;0.05).CONCLUSION: The abnormal visual acuity of preschool children in Xining City gradually increases with the increasing age; The refractive state is dominated by astigmatism, among which the proportion of mixed astigmatism and pure myopia astigmatism is the highest, followed by pure hyperopic astigmatism and compound hyperopic astigmatism; With the increase of age, the diopter of compound hyperopic astigmatism gradually decreases, which is in line with the law of children's eye refractive development.

Values of arterial spin labeling in evaluating blood-brain barrier permeability in cerebral infarction lesions and predicting hemorrhage transformation after endovascular recanalization / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To assess the role of arterial spin labeling (ASL) in detecting the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of cerebral infarction lesions in patients with anterior circulation subacute ischemic stroke (SIS), and to evaluate the value of ASL in predicting hemorrhagic transformation (HT) of SIS patients after endovascular recanalization.Methods:A prospective analysis was performed. Patients with anterior circulation SIS who received endovascular treatment (EVT) in our hospital from January 2021 to September 2021 were enrolled. At 24 h before EVT and immediately after EVT, MRI scans of ASL sequences and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE) sequence were completed, and Xper CT was performed; accordingly, imaging typing was performed. Head CT scan was performed 24-48 h after EVT to observe HT; according to the presence or absence of HT, these patients were divided into HT group and non-HT group; the relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) values of ASL sequence parameters, volume transfer constant (K trans) of DCE sequence parameters and the differences of ASL, DCE and Xper CT imaging types between the two groups were compared. The weighted Kappa coefficient was used to test the consistency among ASL, DCE and Xper CT imaging types. Results:Among 22 eligible patients, 5 patients occurred HT (5/22, 22.72%). As compared with those in the non-HT group (1.14±0.04; 0.032[0.024, 0.039]/min), patients in the HT group had significantly higher rCBF value (1.57±0.18) and K trans (0.072[0.0455, 0.117]/min, P<0.05). There were significant differences in the distribution of ASL, DCE and Xper CT imaging types between the two groups ( P<0.05); among them, 4 out of 6 patients with ASL imaging type III, 4 out of 6 patients with DCE imaging type III, and 4 out of 5 patients with Xper CT imaging type III had HT. ASL sequence and DCE sequence had a high consistency in the imaging types (Kappa coefficient=0.941, 95%CI: 0.862-1.020, P<0.001). Conclusion:ASL can effectively evaluate the BBB permeability of cerebral infarction lesions in patients with anterior circulation SIS; patients with ASL imaging type III have a relatively high risk of HT.

Values of arterial spin labeling in evaluating blood-brain barrier permeability in cerebral infarction lesions and predicting hemorrhage transformation after endovascular recanalization / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To assess the role of arterial spin labeling (ASL) in detecting the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability of cerebral infarction lesions in patients with anterior circulation subacute ischemic stroke (SIS), and to evaluate the value of ASL in predicting hemorrhagic transformation (HT) of SIS patients after endovascular recanalization.Methods:A prospective analysis was performed. Patients with anterior circulation SIS who received endovascular treatment (EVT) in our hospital from January 2021 to September 2021 were enrolled. At 24 h before EVT and immediately after EVT, MRI scans of ASL sequences and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (DCE) sequence were completed, and Xper CT was performed; accordingly, imaging typing was performed. Head CT scan was performed 24-48 h after EVT to observe HT; according to the presence or absence of HT, these patients were divided into HT group and non-HT group; the relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF) values of ASL sequence parameters, volume transfer constant (K trans) of DCE sequence parameters and the differences of ASL, DCE and Xper CT imaging types between the two groups were compared. The weighted Kappa coefficient was used to test the consistency among ASL, DCE and Xper CT imaging types. Results:Among 22 eligible patients, 5 patients occurred HT (5/22, 22.72%). As compared with those in the non-HT group (1.14±0.04; 0.032[0.024, 0.039]/min), patients in the HT group had significantly higher rCBF value (1.57±0.18) and K trans (0.072[0.0455, 0.117]/min, P<0.05). There were significant differences in the distribution of ASL, DCE and Xper CT imaging types between the two groups ( P<0.05); among them, 4 out of 6 patients with ASL imaging type III, 4 out of 6 patients with DCE imaging type III, and 4 out of 5 patients with Xper CT imaging type III had HT. ASL sequence and DCE sequence had a high consistency in the imaging types (Kappa coefficient=0.941, 95%CI: 0.862-1.020, P<0.001). Conclusion:ASL can effectively evaluate the BBB permeability of cerebral infarction lesions in patients with anterior circulation SIS; patients with ASL imaging type III have a relatively high risk of HT.

Effect of FKBP38 expression on occurrence and development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of FKBP38 gene on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) model induced by methionine and choline deficiency j J diet (MCD) in mice.Methods The mutant model of hepatocellular specific deletion of FKBP38 gene was successfully established.The mice were divided into wild-type group ( WT) and homologous knockout group (L-FKBP38 ).Mice were fed with MCD for four weeks to construct NAFLD model.Liver injury was e- valuated by the contents of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) in the serum samples.We also performed HE staining, examined lipid accumulation by triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (CHO) and oil red staining, as well as macrophage infiltration by F4/80 immunohistochemical stai-ning of the liver sections.Fatty acid metabolism-relat ed genes were quantifier] by Quantitative Real-time PCR assays.Results Comparer] with WT group, the levels of ALT, AST, TG and CHO in serum signifi- eantly inereased ( P < 0.05 ) ; liver damage , lipid ac- eumulation, and maerophage infiltration were markedly more severe, and the expressions of fatty aeirl oxidation related genes PPARa, ACOX-1 , CPT-la and SIRT3 markedly rleereaserl ( P < 0.05) in the liver samples of L-FKBP38 group.Conclusions Hepatocellular speeifie deletion of FKBP38 intensifies lipid accumula- tion by inhibiting fatty aeid oxidation in the liver, thus exaeerbating nonaleoholie fatty liver disease.

MicroRNA￣513c￣5p expression in cervical cancer and targeting histone deacetylase 1 regulating cervical cancer cell migration and invasion / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the expression of microRNA (miR)-513c-5p in cervical cancer and the mechanism of targeting histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) regulating cervical cancer cell migration and invasion. Methods Clinically collected 86 patients with cervical cancer. The levels of miR-513c-5p in tumor tissues and adjacent tissues were detected by Real-time PCR. The relationship between miR-513c-5p and pathological characteristics of cervical cancer was analyzed. It was verified that miR-513c-5p targets HDAC1 by a dual luciferase report. Cervical cancer HeLa cells were divided into four groups: control group, mimic group, mimic+HDAC1 group and HDAC1 group. MiR-513c-5p and(or) HDAC1 were overexpressed by plasmid transfection technology. Real-time PCR and Western blotting were used to detect the expression level of RNA or protein, respectively. The cell growth, migration, and invasion capabilities of each group were measured by CCK-8 method, cell scratch test, and Transwell test. Results The level of miR-513c-5p in cervical cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues. Low levels of miR-513c-5p were associated with higher local invasion, lymphatic metastasis, and distal metastasis (P<0. 05). MiR-513-5p targeted HDAC1 expression. Overexpression of miR-513c-5p inhibited significantly the growth, migration and invasion of cervical cancer cells (P < 0. 05). Overexpression of HDAC1 promoted growth, migration and invasion (P<0. 05), and reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-513c-5p (P<0. 05). Conclusion Low levels of miR-513c-5p might be related to cervical cancer metastasis, and miR-513c-5p could inhibit the growth, migration and invasion of cervical cancer HeLa cells by targeted inhibition of HDAC1 protein expression.

Effect observation of balloon-mounted stent for revascularization of acute vertebral basilar artery occlusion underlying intracranial atherosclerotic disease / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of endovascular recanalization treatment for acute vertebral basilar artery occlusion (AVBAO) underlying intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) using a balloon-mounted stent.Methods:A total of 16 cases of consecutive AVBAO patients who underwent endovascular treatment with the balloon-mounted stent within 24 h after onset were retrospectively enrolled in Henan Provincial People′s Hospital from February 2017 to August 2019. And the recanalization rate, operation-related complications, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage, the improvement of 1 week National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and 3 months modified Rankin Scale (mRS) after treatment were recorded.Results:In all of the 16 patients, 4 patients underwent direct stenting angioplasty, 12 patients received salvage stenting. Stent placement was successful in all 16 patients. Balloon-mounted stent were implanted in basilar artery of 4 cases, in intracranial segment of vertebral artery of 8 cases, and in origination segment of vertebral artery of 4 cases. Recanalization was successful (thrombolysis in cerebral infarction grade 2b and 3) in 15 patients. The time between arterial puncture and recanalization was 79.0 (72.3, 109.3) min. One patient experienced distal thrombosis during surgery. Two patients suffered symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage within 48 h after surgery. The scores of the NIHSS were improved more than 4 points at 1 week after operation in 8 patients. At 3 months follow-up, 9 patients had a good outcome (mRS 0-3 points) and 4 patients died.Conclusion:Selective stenting angioplasty treatment with a balloon-mounted stent seems to be feasible and safe for AVBAO patients underlying ICAD.

Effect of Dima Decoction on BNIP3 Protein and mRNA Expressions inIntestinal Epithelial Cells of Ulcerative Colitis Mice / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To study the regulatory level of Dima decoction on adenovirus E1B 19 kD interacting protein 3（BNIP3） protein and to understand the mechanism in intervening mitophagy and controlling inflammation in ulcerative colitis. Method:The 60 SPF SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group, model control group, low, medium ang high dose Dima decoction（8.5，17.0，34.0 g·kg-1）group and mesalazine（3.0 g·kg-1） group，10 for each group. The model of UC rats was established by the method of environmental diet intervention +2,4,6-trinitro-Benzenesulfonicacid（TNBS）+ethanol，the administration group was administered for 14 days.Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) was used to detect pathological changes of colonic mucosal tissues in rats.Western blot and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） were used to detect the expressions of BNIP3 protein and mRNA in intestinal epithelial cells. Result:HE staining results showed that a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration and non-cheesy granulation tissue were observed in the colon of rats in the model group, while the rats in each drug group showed different degrees of fibrous repair. Compared with normal group, the expression of BNIP3 protein and mRNA in model group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared with model group, the expression of BNIP3 protein and mRNA in low, medium and high-dose Dima decoction group and mesalazine group were significantly increased (P<0.01). Compared with low-dose group, the expression of BNIP3 protein and mRNA in medium and high-dose groups and mesalazine group were significantly increased (P<0.05). Conclusion:Dima decoction can increase the expression of BNIP3 in the intestinal epithelium of UC active rats, which may be one of the mechanisms of promoting mitochondrial autophagy against UC inflammation.

Distribution and Drug Sensitivity of Pathogens Causing Nosocomial Infection in Patients with Hematological Granulocytosis / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of nosocomial infection pathogens in AL patients with hematological agranulocytosis, so as to provide evidence for the clinical rational use of antibiotics.@*METHODS@#Pathogenic data of 504 hospitalized patients with agranulocytosis caused by nosocomial infection in the Department of Hematology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University from May 2015 to May 2018 were collected and retrospectively analyzed for the distribution of pathogenic bacteria and the results of drug susceptibility.@*RESULTS@#The isolated pathogenic bacteria strains amounted to 184, out of which, 168 strains (91.3%) orginated from the patients with acute leukemia, while 16 strains (8.7%) originated from the patients with non-acute leukemia. The positive samples mainly originated from blood stream, the isolated bacteria from which were 81 straims (44%); then originated from sputam and pharynx swabs, from which isolated bacteria amounted to 54 strains (29.3%) and 35 strains (19%) respectively. In the pathogenic bacteria, the Gram-negative bacteria amounted to 126 strains accounting for 68.46%, out of which the most commond bacteria strains were Klebseilla pneumoniae, cscherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; the Gram positive bocteria amounted to 23 strains accounting for 12.5%, mainly staphy lococeus anreus, and Staphylococcus epitermidis; the fungi amounted to 35 strains accounting for 19.02%, mainly Candida albicans. The detection rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were 40.0% and 22.2%, respectively. They were 100% sensitive to amikacin and 27.8% resistant to carbapenems. Klebsiella pneumoniae had the highest sensitivity to amikacin, 94.44% to ampicillin, 97.22% to carbapenems and 100% sensitive to ammonia. Their penicillin-resistance rate was the highest, up to 80%; Pseudomonas aeruginosa was sensitive to the antibiotics (＞80%）. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were detected in Gram-positive bacteria. The susceptibility rate of main Gram-positive bacteria to vancomycin and linezolid was 100%, and they were 100% resistant to penicillin.@*CONCLUSION@#Gram-negative bacteria are the main pathogens of nosocomial infection in patients with hematological agranulocytosis. Pathogens have different resistance to antimicrobial agents. It is important to know the distribution and susceptibility of common pathogens for rational selection of antimicrobial agents and control of nosocomial infection.

Research progress of effect of anxiolytic traditional Chinese medicines and formulas on neurotransmitters / 中国中药杂志

Anxiety disorders are a common mental illness that seriously endangered physical and mental health of human beings. The etiology of anxiety disorders is closely related to the abnormality of monoamines neurotransmitters, amino acids neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. The long-term use of anti-anxiety chemical drugs has some adverse effects, such as constipation, muscle relaxation, lethargy, tolerance and withdrawal symptoms. However, traditional Chinese medicines have advantages of multi-component, multi-target coordination, with less adverse reactions. Therefore, it is a promising prospect to develop novel anti-anxiety drugs from traditional Chinese medicines and formulas. This article reviewed some traditional Chinese medicines and formulas that can relieve anxiety symptoms. These include traditional Chinese medicines(Panax ginseng, Lycium ruthenium, Morus alba, Bupleurum plus dragon bone oyster soup, Chailong Jieyu Pills, and Naogongtai Formulas) with the effect on monoamine neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine; traditional Chinese medicines(Rehmannia glutinosa, Ziziphus jujuba Mill. var. spinosa, Jielv Anshen Decoction, Baixiangdan Capsules, Antianxietic Compound Prescription Capsules) with the effect on amino acid neurotransmitters, such as glutamic acid, γ-aminobutyrc acid; and traditional Chinese medicines(P. ginseng, Xiaoyao San, Shuyu Ningxin Decoction)with the effect on neuropeptide Y pathway, with the aim to provide theoretical basis for the further development of some novel and more effective anti-anxiety therapeutics from traditional Chinese medicine and formulas.

Application of alveolar lavage fluid mNGS in the etiological diagnosis of children with severe pneumonia / 中国实用儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application of alveolar lavage fluid NGS in etiological diagnosis of children with severe pneumonia. METHODS: The clinical data of 34 children with severe pneumonia hospitalized in Pediatric Respiratory Department fromSeptember 2018 toMarch2019 wereretrospectivelyanalyzed. The collectedalveolarlavagefluidwasanalyzed bymetagenomicsNGS. RESULTS: Totally 34 caseswerediagnosedasseverepneumonia. Theresultsof m NGS:32 cases(94.1%)were detected in 34 samples,19 cases(55.9%)of Mycoplasma pneumoniae,6 cases(17.6%)of human adenovirus type 7,1 case(2.9%)of Forsystanella,1 case of Staphylococcus aureus(2.9%);1 cases(2.9%)was not detected,and the positive rate of Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the highest. The mixed infection showed human adenovirus type 7+ Mycoplasma pneumoniae in 2 cases(5.9%),human adenovirus type 7+ Haemophilus influenzae in 1 case(2.9%)and human adenovirus type 7+ Aspergillus fumigatus in 3 cases(8.8%). After anti-infection and symptomatic support treatment,33 cases were improved and discharged,and 1 case died. CONCLUSION: The metagenomics NGS can improve the diagnostic accuracy of the pathogen in severe pneumonia,and early and accurate identification of the pathogen plays an important role in guiding the rational use of antibiotics in clinical practice.

Hydrosoluble chemical constituents in Sanguisorba officinalis (II) / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents in extract of Sanguisorba officinalis. Methods: Compounds were isolated from 10% ethanol extracts by Macroporous resin (D101, HP-20), dialysis bag, reversed phase silica gel (RP-8, RP-18), Toyopearl HW-40 column chromatography and their structures were elucidated by NMR and MS data. Results: Twenty-five compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated as 4-(4’-hydroxyphenyl)-2-butanone-4’-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), phenethanol-β- vicianoside (2), junipetrioloside A (3), citroside A (4), corchoionoside C (5), adenosine (6), tryptophan (7), tachinoside (8), d-mandelic acid-β-D-glucopyranoside (9), (+) (7S,8S)-guaiacylglycerol 8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), biophenol (11), 3,5-dihydroxyphenethyl alcohol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside (12), syringin (13), (2E,5E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,5-octadiene-1,7-diol (14), (±)-3-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyloct- 6-enoic acid (15), (2Z)-2,6-dimethyl-2,7-octadiene-1,6-diol (16), phlorizin (17), (+)-cyclo-olivil 6-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (18), 5’-methoxy-8’-hydroxyl-(+)-isolariciresinol-4’-O-β-D-gluco-pyranoside (19), phenethyl 6-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-β-D-glucoside (20), gaultherin (21), benzyl-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside (22), (2E)-7-hydroxy-3,7-dimethyl-2-octenyl 6-O-α-L-arabinofuranosyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (23), 3,3’,4’-tri-O-methylellagic acid (24), and methyl-4-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)- 3-hydroxy-5-methoxybenzoate (25). Conclusion: Compounds 1-22 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Effects of Bruton's tyrosine kinase on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effect of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts and to explore the mechanism of BTK on bone destruction in periapical periodontitis.@*METHODS@#After RAW264.7 cells induced with 100 ng·L⁻¹ receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) for 5 days, osteoclast induction was confirmed by light microscopy, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining, and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). Then, BTK-small interfering RNA (BTK-siRNA) was transfected into cells induced for 5 days. After 24 h, the expression of TRAP mRNA was measured using RT-qPCR, and the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts were detected using CCK-8 and TRAP activity assay. Statistical analysis was performed.@*RESULTS@#After RAW264.7 was induced with RANKL for 5 days, a large number of round, ellipse, irregularly protuberant, and TRAP-positive macrophages were observed under light microscopy. The expression of TRAP mRNA significantly reduced after 24 h of BTK-siRNA transfection (P<0.05). The detection of CCK-8 and TRAP activities showed that the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts significantly decreased (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Silencing of BTK can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of osteoclasts. BTK can be used as a new target for the inhibition of osteoclasts.

Design, synthesis and inhibitory activity of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 inhibitors / 药学学报

Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a key enzyme in the human tryptophan metabolism pathway, which can mediate tumor immune response. An IDO1 inhibitor would be a potential cancer immunotherapy drug. Based on the recently reported crystal of an IDO1 protein-inhibitor complex (PDBID: 6AZV), the structure of reported inhibitor, and by analyzing the interaction mode between the inhibitor and IDO1, new inhibitor molecules were designed and synthesized. All structures were confirmed by spectral data. Preliminary activity studies showed that compounds containing an azabiphenyl tetrazole structure (B1 and B2) and biphenyl compounds containing a sulfonamide structure (D1, D2 and D3) had excellent inhibitory activity of IDO1 at the enzyme and cell level, and were comparable or even better than the control drug INCB24360.

The novel long noncoding RNA LOC283070 is involved in the transition of LNCaP cells into androgen-independent cells via its interaction with PHB2 / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

We sought to investigate the underlying mechanism of action of the long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) LOC283070 in the development of androgen independence in prostate cancer. The interactions between LOC283070 and target proteins were investigated by RNA pull-down and RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. Subcellular fractionation and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to detect the subcellular localization of LOC283070. Western blotting was performed to detect the expression of prohibitin 2 (PHB2). Luciferase activity assays were performed to evaluate the effects of LOC283070 and PHB2 on the androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathway. A methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay and a growth curve assay were used to test cell viability. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze cell cycles. A transwell assay was employed to test cell migration. We identified PHB2 as an interaction partner of LOC283070 in the pull-down and RIP experiments. Furthermore, we confirmed that the enrichment of LOC283070 with PHB2 in androgen-independent LNCaP (LNCaP-AI) cells was much greater than that in LNCaP cells. Moreover, the expression of PHB2 was not significantly different between the two cell lines, and the expression of LOC283070 in the nuclei of the LNCaP-AI cells was significantly greater than that in the LNCaP cells. In vitro data revealed that PHB2 overexpression significantly inhibited AR activity and cell proliferation and migration and induced accumulation of prostate cancer cells in G0/G1 phase. Moreover, the overexpression of LOC283070 fully abrogated the effects of PHB2 overexpression. In conclusion, we found that LOC283070 can bind to PHB2 located in the nucleus and inhibit its effect, and this is one of the mechanisms by which LOC283070 is involved in the transition of LNCaP cells into androgen-independent cells.

Effects of Biodentine on proliferation and osteogenesis of MG-63 cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: As a bioactive substance, Biodentine has good compressive strength, bonding strength and less micro-leakage. It has been successfully applied to a variety of clinical indications. However, much less is known about whether Biodentine can promote osteogenesis. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Biodentine of different concentrations on proliferation and osteogenesis of MG-63 cells. METHODS: The extracts of Biodentine with different concentration gradients (1, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, 1/16) were prepared. MG-63 cells were cultured in six groups, with the addition of minimum essential medium (control group) and five concentrations of Biodentine extracts. Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 assay at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days, and then the best concentration of Biodentine extract was screened. Another MG-63 cells were cultured in minimum essential medium (blank control group) and Biodentine extract of the optimal concentration (experimental group). The expression of osteogenic factor Runx2 mRNA in MG-63 cells was detected by real-time PCR at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of culture. Then alizarin red staining was used to observe calcified nodules in MG-63 cells at 10 and 14 days of culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) At 1 and 3 days of culture, the number of viable cells in different concentration groups was similar to that in the control group (P ＞ 0.05). At 5 days of culture, compared with the control group, the number of viable cells in MG-63 cells was significantly lowered in the 1 concentration group, showed no significant changes in the 1/2, 1/4, 1/8 concentration groups (P ＞ 0.05), and was significantly increased in the 1/16 concentration group (P ＜ 0.05). Therefore, the 1/16 concentration of Biodentine extract was used for further experiment. (2) Runx2 mRNA expression of the experimental group at 1, 3, 5 and 7 days of culture was 1.14, 5.29, 1.08 and 2.11 times that of the control group, respectively (all P ＜ 0.05). (3) At 10 days of culture, both the experimental group and blank control group showed no mineralized nodules; at 14 days of culture, mineralized nodules were observed in the two groups, and larger and darker nodules were seen in the experiment group. To conclude, Biodentine at certain concentrations can promote the proliferation and osteogenic activity of human osteosarcoma cell line MG-63.

Effect of continuous nursing intervention on post-hospital rehabilitation of children with cerebral palsy / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous nursing intervention on post-hospital rehabilitation of chil-dren with cerebral palsy. Methods A total of 70 children with cerebral palsy treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinx-iang Medical University from February 2016 to February 2017 were selected and divided into observation group and control group according to nursing measures,with 35 cases in each group. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing intervention,and the patients in the observation group were given continuous nursing intervention after discharge. The fine mo-tor was evaluated by Peabody-2 developmental motor scale at discharge and one year after discharge. The clinical effect was e-valuated one year after discharge. Results The score of grasping ability and visual movement comprehensive ability of the children in the observation group was 41. 15 ± 5. 31 and 102. 23 ± 17. 42 respectively at discharge,and it was 48. 12 ± 3. 54 and 128. 22 ± 11. 25 respectively one year after discharge. The score of grasping ability and visual movement comprehensive a-bility of the children in the control group was 41. 22 ± 5. 22 and 102. 56 ± 17. 31 respectively at discharge,and it was 43. 21 ± 4. 52 and 110. 52 ± 15. 37 respectively at one year after discharge. There was no significant difference in the scores of grasping ability and visual motor comprehensive ability between the two groups at discharge(P > 0. 05). The scores of grasping ability and visual motor comprehensive ability at the time point of one year after discharge were significantly higher than those at dis-charge in the two groups(P < 0. 05). The scores of grasping ability and visual motor comprehensive ability in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group at the time point of one year after discharge(P < 0. 05). One year after discharge,the total effective rate of rehabilitation treatment in the observation group and the control group was 94. 29％(33 / 35)and 71. 43％(25 / 35)respectively,and the total effective rate in the observation group was significantly high-er than that in the control group(χ2 =6. 440,P <0. 05). Conclusion The continuous nursing intervention can significantly im-prove the grasping ability and visual motor comprehensive ability,and promote the recovery of children with cerebral palsy.