Chemical constituents and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of seeds of Moringa oleifera / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents of the seeds of Moringa oleifera were isolated and purified by using Sephadex LH-20, Toyo-pearl HW-40F, silica gel, ODS, and MCI column chromatography. The structures of compounds were identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry, ~1H-NMR, ~(13)C-NMR, HMQC, HMBC, and ~1H-~1H COSY, as well as physicochemical properties of compounds and literature data. Twelve compounds were isolated from 30% ethanol fraction of the seeds of M. oleifera and identified as ethyl-4-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-α-L-rhamnoside(1), ethyl-3-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-α-L-rhamnoside(2),(4-hydroxybenzyl)ethyl carbamate(3),(4-aminophenyl)acetic acid(4), ethyl-α-L-rhamnoside(5), methyl-α-L-rhamnoside(6), moringapyranosyl(7), 2-[4-(α-L-rhamnosyl)phenyl]methyl acetate(8), niaziridin(9), 5-hydroxymethyl furfural(10), 4-hydroxybenzeneacetamide(11), and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid(12). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 are two new compounds, compound 3 is a new natural product, and compounds 4-5 were yielded from Moringa plant for the first time. All compounds were evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in vitro. Compound 10 showed excellent inhibitory activity with IC_(50) of 210 μg·mL~(-1).

The role of serum interleukin-6, red blood cell distribution width and C-reactive protein levels in the evaluation of the condition and prognosis of patients with moderate to severe acute pancreatitis and pulmonary infection / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of blood interleukin-6 (IL-6), red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the evaluation of the condition and prognosis of patients with moderate to severe acute pancreatitis (AP) and pulmonary infection.Methods:A total of 90 patients with moderate to severe AP combined with lung infection diagnosed and treated in Anhui Wanbei Coal and Electricity Group General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the observation group, and 90 patients with moderate to severe AP without lung infection during the same period were selected as the control group. The IL-6, RDW, and CRP levels of patients in the two groups were compared, and their correlation with the disease severity was analyzed; the predictive value of serum IL-6, RDW and CRP levels on the prognosis of patients were analyzed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The serum levels of IL-6, RDW and CRP in the observation group were higher than those in the control group: (35.35 ± 7.19) ng/L vs. (26.91 ± 5.23) ng/L, (15.14 ± 5.36)% vs. (11.27 ± 2.07)%, (146.22 ± 50.27) mg/L vs. (102.83 ± 40.25) mg/L, and as the severity of the disease in the observation group increased, the serum IL-6, RDW and CRP levels increased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). Serum IL-6, RDW, CRP levels of patients with moderate to severe AP combined with pulmonary infection were positively correlated with the severity of the disease ( r = 0.445, 0.610, 0.580, P<0.05). The serum levels of IL-6, RDW and CRP were higher in patients with poor prognosis when they were admitted to the hospital and on the 3rd and 7th days of admission than those with good prognosis ( P<0.05). The results of Cox regression analysis showed that serum IL-6, RDW and CRP levels at admission and on the 3rd and 7th day of admission were the prognostic factors of patients with moderate to severe AP combined with lung infection ( P<0.05). The combined detection of serum IL-6, RDW and CRP levels on the 7th day of admission had the largest area under the curve for predicting prognosis, and the sensitivity and specificity were 89.47% and 83.10%, respectively. Conclusions:The levels of serum IL-6, RDW and CRP in patients with moderate to severe AP combined with pulmonary infection are elevated, and are positively correlated with the severity of the disease. Clinical monitoring of their levels can provide a reliable reference for the formulation of treatment plans and prognostic evaluation.

Mechanism of PUFA in regulating of gene expression / 生物医学工程学杂志

Polyunstaurated fatty acids (PUFAs) not only are essential component of cells in maintaining function and composing organelle, but also control gene transcription of enzymes which are involved in differentiation, growth and metabolism in organisms. Resent studies have been shown that PUFA interact directly with nuclear receptors such as PPARs, LXR, HNF-4, other mechanism are indirect and rest with transcription factors such as SREBP. PUFA affect cell function through diverse pathways. The roles of such factors and PUFA in mediating the nuclear effects are addressed in order to elucidate the mechanism of PUFA in regulating gene expression. Further understanding of gene mechanism of regulation at the level of molecule would prompt the development of nutrition, health and medical treatment.

Ultrastrtctural observation of bone marrow stromal cells cultured in coralline hydroxyapatite / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the ultrastructure of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) cultured in coralline hydroxyapatite (CHA) and evaluate their biocompatibility.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>BMSCs isolated from dogs were cultured with CHA as the scaffold, and the morphologies of the cells were observed with phase-contrast microscope and scanning electron microscope.</p><p><b>RESULTS AND CONCLUSION</b>BMSCs grew well with good attachment to the CHA scaffold and performed normal function, demonstrating CHA as one of useful biocarrier materials for bone tissue engineering.</p>

Preliminary identification and characterization of in vitro cultured bone marrow stromal cells for their bioactivity and osteogenic potential / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To induce the differentiation of bone marrow stromall cells (BMSCs) isolated from Beagles into osteoblasts in vitro and identify the osteogenic potential and bioactivity of the BMSCs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Primary cultured BMSCs isolated from Beagles were subcultured in mineralization medium to induce their differentiation into osteoblasts, whose morphological characteristics and proliferation status were observed by phase-contrast microscope. The osteogenic activity of the cells was evaluated with von Kossa staining of the mineralized nodules and determination of the alkaline phosphatase activity.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>BMSCs cultured in vitro showed obvious osteogenic capacity in DMEM. Von Kossa staining of the mineralized nodules and alkaline phosphatase detection of the passaged cells both yielded positive results.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BMSCs cultured in vitro contain osteogenic precursor cells, and the passaged cells possess osteogenic potential.</p>

Study on the targeting of nanoparticles loading TK gene in mice / 生物医学工程学杂志

The tissue distribution of DNA-PLGA-NP was investigated by the technique of gamma scintigraphy. The results showed that 30 min after mouse caudal vein injection of 32P-DNA-PLGA-NP, the ratio of radioactivity in liver against total radioactivity is higher than 70%, which is 1.4 fold the ratio after caudal vein injection of 32P-DNA, and that 2 h after subcutaneous injection of 32P-DNA-PLGA-NP 2 h, the ratio of the radioactivity in liver against total radioactivity is also higher than 70%, reaching a 1.6 fold increase when compared with the ratio after subcutaneous injection of 32P-DNA.

Changes in electrophysiological and morphological properties of neurons during the development of the visual cortex in the rat / 生理学报

To investigate the intracellular mechanism of activity-dependent synapses formation and redistribution, we studied the electrophysiological and morphological characteristics of neurons of the developing visual cortex, and observed the level of synchronism of age and changes in the properties. Whole cell patch-clamp recordings and intracellular biocytin staining were used to record postsynaptic currents (PSCs) from neurons in the visual cortex of Sprague-Dawley rats (postnatal d 4-28). The histological processing was made. There were three types of PSCs in 156 cells: silent response, monosynaptic response and polysynaptic response, during the first developmental month. Before eyes opened the number of the neurons with the silent response (57.3%) was significantly higher than that after the eyes opened (11.9%) (P<0.001). However, the incidence of polysynaptic PSCs increased from 12.4% before eyes opened to 28.9% after eyes opened (P<0.01). During postnatal week 1, all cells were classified as immature. The immature cells had very high input resistances (R(N)>1.0 G Omega), low amplitude (-0.87 mA) and short decay time (-0.98 ms). During postnatal week 4, all cells were mature with lower input resistance (R(N)<310 M Omega), larger amplitude (-66 mA), and longer decay time (-225 ms). From postnatal weeks 1 to 3, the cells had electrophysiological properties that were intermediate between the immature and mature types of cells. With biocytin intracellular staining, five types of neurons were obtained: pyramidal cells, satellite cells, basket cells, neuroglial cells and immature cells. On the basis of their electrophysiological and morphological characteristics, pyramidal cells were classified into three categories: immature, intermediate, and mature cell types. During postnatal week 1, cells were immature with very high input resistance. Morphologically immature cells had short simple dendritic arborizations which incompletely penetrated the layer where the cell body lies. From postnatal weeks 2 to 4, the cells were mature with low input resistance. They were morphologically more complex with dendritic arborizations which completely penetrated the whole layers of the visual cortex. From postnatal weeks 1 to 2, a third, intermediate cell type had electrophysiological properties that were intermediate between the immature and mature cell types. Three distinctive types of pyramidal cells in visual cortex only co-exist during postnatal weeks 1 to 2. Data show that activity-dependent synapes are formed and integrated into local neuronal networks with visual stimulation. In the critical period of visual development, the level of synchronism of age and changes in electrophysiological and morphological properties in the visual cortex is higher than that in the subcortex.

Adenosine-5'-triphosphate test for the noninvasive diagnosis of AV nodal dual pathways(AVNDP) and assessment of results of slow pathway ablation in patients with AV nodal reentrant tachycardia / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

Aim To assess the value of the administration of adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) during sinus rhythm for noninvasive diagnosis of AV node dual pathways(AVNDP) and abolition or modification of the slow pathway (SP) after radiofrequency(RFCA) in patients with inducible sustained AVNRT. Methods Incremental doses of ATP were intravenously administrated during sinus rhythm to patients with spontaneous or inducible sustained AVNRT(study group, n=45)and to patients with no evidence of AVNDP or inducible AVNRT (control group, n=37) until ECG signs of AVNDP( 50 ms increase or decrease in P-R interval in two consecutive beats, or occurrence of AVNRT) or second-degree AV block were observed. Results Four patients (two in study patients and two in control patients) could not complete the trial and were excluded from analysis. AVNDP was observed by ATP in 36(84%) study patients, whereas it was diagnosed by electrophysiology criteria in 38(88%) patients. AVNDP was observed only in 1(3%) control patient. AVNDP by ATP test was disappeared in 18(90%) of 20 patients who underwent SP abolition and in 3(38%) of 8 patients who underwent SP modification. Conclusion ATP test during sinus rhythm enables noninvasive diagnosis of AVNDP in a high percentage of patients with inducible AVNRT and reliably confirms the results of RFCA of the SP.