Propensity-matched comparison of laparoscopic and open radical cystectomy for female patients with bladder cancer / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the perioperative and oncologic outcomes of female patients receiving laparoscopic radical cystectomy (LRC) and open radical cystectomy (ORC).@*METHODS@#Retrospective review of 91 consecutive female patients with urothelial carcinoma of bladder undergoing radical cystectomy at a single academic institution from 2006 to 2017. Those female patients received open radical cystectomy were matched to the patients who underwent laparoscopic radical cystectomy by using propensity score matching in 1 ∶1 ratio. The matching factors included age, body mass index (BMI), American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score, pathologic stage and pathologic nodal stage. The perioperation and oncology characteristics were compared, and Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the overall survival (OS), cancer specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS) estimates. Finally, we did a sensitive analysis by using multivariable COX regression of all the patients, adjusting for the matching factors.@*RESULTS@#There were 65 ORC and 26 LRC patients identified in this cohort with urothelial carcinoma of bladder, the median follow-up time was 38 months (interquartile range 18-69). The age (P<0.001) and ASA scores (P=0.018) were less for LRC before being matched. There were 22 LRC and 22 ORC patients matching successfully. Before being matched, the estimate blood loss (P=0.005), transfusion rate (P<0.001) and total complications rate (P=0.015) were less for LRC, and the lymph nodes yield was greater for LRC, but there were no differences in OS (P=0.698), CSS (P=0.942) and PFS (P=0.837) between the two groups. After being matched, the estimate blood loss (P=0.009), transfusion rate (P=0.001) and total complications rate (P=0.040) were less for LRC, but there was no difference in the lymph nodes yield. Besides, there were no statistic differences in OS (P=0.432), CSS (P=0.429) and PFS (P=0.284) between the two groups. In addition, in multivariable COX regression analysis, surgical approaches (LRC/ORC) were not found to be a predictor of OS (HR 1.134, 95%CI 0.335-3.835, P=0.839), CSS (HR 1.051, 95%CI 0.234-4.719, P=0.949) and PFS (HR 0.538, 95%CI 0.138-2.095, P=0.371) of the female patients with urothelial carcinoma of bladder.@*CONCLUSION@#It is advantageous for laparoscopic radical cystectomy in terms of estimating blood loss, transfusion rate and complication rate. But there was no evidence that laparoscopic radical cystectomy for female patients with bladder cancer had a better oncologic prognosis than open radical cystectomy from this study.

Effects of aluminum on the integrity of blood brain barrier in juvenile rats / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of aluminum on the integrity of blood brain barrier in juvenile rats.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 40-day old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to aluminium chloride by intraperitoneal injection, at a dose of Al3+ 0 mg/kg, 2.5 mg/kg, 5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, respectively. Morris water amaze system was used to test the learning and memory ability. The Evans blue content in brain was analyzed after injection. The ultrastructure's change of the blood brain barrier (BBB) was observed with transmission electron microscope. The expression of occluding protein in BBB was determined by Western blot method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>As compared with control group, the permeability of BBB in mid-level Al and high-level Al was enhanced (P <0.01), the expression of occluding protein was descended (P <0.01). The ultrastructures of the BBB were changed. No differences between every group on learning and memory ability (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Short time and low dose of Al might not change the ability of learning and memory in juvenile rats, however the permeability and ultrastructures of the BBB might be significantly changed.</p>

Is KPNB3 locus associated with schizophrenia? / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To reconfirm the association of KPNB3 with schizophrenia in Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2588014 and rs626716 at the KPNB3 locus, were genotyped in 304 Chinese Han family trios consisting of fathers, mothers, and affected offsprings with schizophrenia. These 2 SNPs were detected by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for genotypic distributions was estimated by the goodness-of-fit test. The UNPHASED program was used to perform transmission disequilibrium test (TDT), haplotype analysis, and pair-wise measure of linkage disequilibrium (LD) between these 2 SNPs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The genotypic distributions of both rs2588014 and rs626716 were in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05). The TDT revealed allelic association with rs626716 (chi2 = 9.31, P = 0.0023) but not with rs2588014 (chi2 = 3.44, P = 0.064). The global P-value was 0.0099 for 100 permutations. The haplotype analysis also showed a disease association (chi2 = 25.97, df = 3, P = 0.0000097).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The present study provides further evidence in support of the KPNB3 association with schizophrenia in Chinese population.</p>

Survey of lower urinary tract symptoms in community-dwelling elderly females / 上海第二医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the incidence of lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS) and bladder function in the community-dwelling elderly females. Methods The questionnaires were administered,including complaints of LUTS,International Prostate Symptoms Score(IPSS) and quality of life assessment.Meanwhile,uroflowmetry was performed and volume of residual urine was measured. Results The total number of women surveyed was 359.According to IPSS,the prevalence of moderate to severe LUTS(IPSS≥8) was 39.0%.The prevalence in those with age of 50-59,60-69 and ≥70 years were 35.1%,46.2% and 54.8%,respectively(P=0.034).Of all the women surveyed,73.8% had predominantly irritative symptoms.The maximum flow rates(Qmax)were(24.5?11.5) mL/s,(22.7?11.0) mL/s and(14.5?8.2) mL/s,respectively for these age groups(P