ABSTRACT
AIM: To compare the differences and agreement of anterior segment biometric parameters of myopic patients measured by domestic Scansys and the imported Sirius based on the principle of Scheimpflug imaging technique.METHODS: In this case series study, 103 cases(103 eyes)that underwent pre-refractive surgery(including small incision lenticule extraction, femtosecond laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis, transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy and implantable contact lens implantation)at Aier Excellent Eye Hospital from May 2022 to October 2022 were recruited. Preoperative keratometry(Km), central corneal thickness(CCT), anterior chamber depth(ACDEndo.), anterior chamber angle(ACA), anterior chamber volume(ACV), white to white(WTW)of patients were recorded.RESULTS: The results of Km, CCT, ACA, and WTW measured by Scansys and Sirius were 42.88(41.54, 44.60)and 42.98(41.56, 44.52)D,(541.52±29.08)and(549.55±29.62)μm, 42.70°±2.67° and 46.63°±5.13°, 12.10±0.60 and 11.98±0.47 mm, respectively, showing the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.01). The ACV measured by Scansys and Sirius was 194.26±31.06 and 191.47±25.65 mm3, and ACDEndo. was 3.40(3.17, 3.57)and 3.43(3.19, 3.56)mm, with no statistically significant difference(all P>0.05). The range of Km, CCT, ACA, ACDEndo., ACV and WTW values measured by the two instruments was small, with an average difference close to zero, and the points percentage of 95% limits of agreement(LoA)was <5%, which is of good consistency.CONCLUSIONS: Scansys and Sirius have small differences and good agreement in the parameters, which can be replaced by each other in clinical practice. Scansys could theoretically be used to extrapolate the implantable contact lens model or could be a new option for anterior segment parameter measurements.
ABSTRACT
Keratopathy-associated cataract, that is, on the basis of corneal disease, and later the development of lens opacity, seriously damage visual quality. In order to avoid corneal transplantation for some patients, partial visual quality can be restored. A comprehensive and accurate evaluation of the effect of corneal opacity on visual function is of great improtance for determining cataract surgery alone. Due to the opacity of the cornea, the operation is very difficult and challenging. Therefore, it is of clinical value to develop and use new assistive technologies, including capsule staining, endoillumination, pupil dialation technology, femtosecond laser assisted technology, etc., avoiding problems such as limited visibility and decreased light flow caused by corneal opacity and facilitating cataract surgery. This article reviews progress of assistive technologies for keratopathy-associated cataract, hoping to guide clinical application.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of different drying methods on the physical properties and drug delivery of chitosan microspheres.@*METHODS@#Three types of drying methods were utilized, including air drying and freeze drying after freezing at -20 ℃ (slow cooling) and at -80 ℃ (fast cooling). The physical properties of microspheres were characterized. Utilizing bovine serum albumin (BSA) as the model drug, the in-vitro release behaviors of drug-loaded beads were investigated.@*RESULTS@#By comparing the physical properties of the different drying methods, the microspheres' diameters, porosities, and surface area were observed to increase successively from air drying and slow cooling to fast cooling, whereas the pore size and the swelling and degradation rates varied. The drug-loading experiments revealed that the loading capacity of air-dried microspheres was the lowest and the release rate was the slowest. Although the loading capacity of fast cooling microspheres was high, an obvious burst release was observed. The loading capacity of slow cooling microspheres was similar to that of the fast cooling microspheres and the loaded BSA can be released continuously.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The results indicate that different drying methods can affect the physical properties of chitosan microspheres, which further influence drug loading and release.
Subject(s)
Chitosan , Drug Carriers , Drug Compounding , Microspheres , Particle SizeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of 12-deoxyphorbol-13-palmitate (DP) on the proliferative inhibition and induction apoptosis of human acute myelocytic leukemia cell line HL60. METHODS: HL60 cells were treated with different concentrations of DP. The morphological changes were observed with optical microscope. The effect of DP in cell proliferation was tested using cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay, to analyze the cell cloning capacity by methyl cellulose colone-forming experiment. DNA agarose electrophoresis method was used to detect apoptosis. The expression of pro-and anti-apoptotic genes Bcl-2 and Bax were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: CCK-8 METHODS and methyl cellulose colone-forming experiment indicated DP had an certainly inhibitory effect on HL60 cells(P<0.05, P<0.01). The characteristics of apoptosis was presented under optical microscope. DNA agarose electrophoresis showed the obvious DNA 1adder. In accordance with RT-PCR experiments, compared with the control group(0 mg·L-1), DP could down-regulate the gene expression of Bcl-2 and up-regulate the gene expression of Bax in HL60 cells(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: DP can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of cultured HL60 cells in a dose-effect and time-effect relationship in vitro, and its mechanism may be related to down-regulating gene expression of Bcl-2, up-regulating gene expression of Bax, rising Bax/Bcl-2 value.
ABSTRACT
Objective To detect the expression of miR-138 in lens tissues of agerelated cataract and explore the effects of miR-138 on the proliferation and apoptosis of human lens epithelial cells and its possible target genes.Methods Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) was applied for the detection of the expression of miR-138 and prediction of target gene sirtuin (silent information regulator 1) (SIRT1) in patients with age-related cataract (cataract group) and anterior lens capsules (normal control group).Then miR-138 mimics,mimic controls,miR-138 inhibitors and inhibitor controls were transfected into the human lens epithelial cell line (SRA01/04),and the expression of SIRT1 mRNA and protein was detected by RT-qPCR and Western blot,accordingly.At 72 hours after transfection,the cells were exposed to 200 μmol · L-1 H2O2 for 1 hour,followed by detection of the activity of Caspase-3 by the Caspase-3 activity assay kit,and identification of the targeted relationship between miR-138 and SIRT1 by dual luciferase reporter assays.Results Compared with the normal control group,the expression of miR-138(3.64 ±0.19) was significantly increased (P ＜0.001),but the expression of SIRT1 mRNA(0.32 ± 0.06) was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.001) in the cataract group.Moreover,The expression levels of SIRT1 mRNA(0.42 ± 0.05) and protein(0.46 ± 0.05) in cells transfected with miR-138 mimics were significantly decreased,while the activity of Caspase-3 (3.24 ± 0.17) was significantly elevated when compared with cells transfected with minic controls (all P ＜ 0.05);Compared with cells transfected with inhibitor controls,the expressions of SIRT1 mRNA(2.95 ±0.13) and protein(1.98 ±0.12) were significantly upregulated,whereas Caspase-3 activity(0.42 ±0.05) was significantly decreased in cells transfected with miR-138 inhibitors (all P ＜0.05).And fmally,dual luciferase reporter assays showed the confirmation SIRT1 as a direct target of miR-138.Conclusion miR-138 is highly expressed in the lens capsule of age-related cataract patients,and it can promote the apoptosis of lens epithelial cells by negatively regulating the expression of SIRT1.
ABSTRACT
·AIM:To investigate the effects and mechanism of miR-138 in mediating the antioxidant function of lens epithelial cells affected by age-related cataracts. ·METHODS:Real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) was used to detect miR-138 expression in the anterior lens capsules of healthy people, the anterior lens capsules of patients with age-related cataracts, and human epithelial cell line (SRA01/04) cells exposed to oxidative stress. A 2',7'-dichloro-fluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) probe was used to measure the levels of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human lens epithelial cells (hLECs) exposed to 400μ mol/L H2O2for 1h. SRA01/04 cells were transfected with either miR-138 mimics,mimic controls, miR-138 inhibitors or inhibitor controls. After 72h,these cells were exposed to 400μ mol/L H2O2for 1h, then p53 and Bax mRNA expression were measured using RT-qPCR. Expression of p53 and Bax protein were also measured by western blotting analysis. Finally, cell viability was assessed using an MTS assay. ·RESULTS: Compared to the control group, expression of miR-138 in the anterior lens capsules of age-related cataract patients and in SRA01/04 cells exposed to oxidative stress significantly increased (P<0.001). Levels of endogenous ROS were significantly elevated in hLECs exposed to oxidative stress (P<0.001). Compared to the mimic control group, the hLECs in the miR-138 mimic group expressed significantly higher levels of p53 and Bax mRNA and protein while cell viability was significantly reduced(P<0.001). Conversely, p53 and Bax mRNA and protein expression were significantly reduced in the miR-138 inhibitor group as compared to the control group, while the cells in this group had much higher levels of cell viability (P<0.001). · CONCLUSION: The expression of miR - 138 is upregulated in the anterior lens capsules of age-related cataract patients. MiR-138 decreases the anti-oxidative stress capacity of lens epithelial cells by upregulating p53 and Bax, while inhibiting cell proliferation and repair. This finding suggests that miR-138 may play a key role in the development of age-related cataracts.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To report the safety and effectiveness of LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery. ● METHODS: Sixty - seven patients ( 76 eyes ) were included in the study. All the cases underwent LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery between Jul. 2014 and Jul. 2015. The completion rate of anterior capsulotomy, lens fragmentation, intraocular lens implantation and corneal incisions, the best corrected distance visual acuity ( CDVA ) before and 1mo after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery, the adverse events and equipment defect rate were recorded. The regression analysis of possible factors affecting the completion rate of corneal incision ( eye, age, location of incision, corneal diameter, peripheral corneal thickness, preoperative corneal astigmatism) was taken. ● RESULTS: All surgeries were uneventful. The completion rate of anterior capsulotomy, lens fragmentation, intraocular lens implantation and corneal incisions was 97%, 100%, 100% and 83%, respectively. No adverse events ( posterior capsule rupture, corneal edema, macular edema and retinal detachment ) and device defect occurred. The CDVA was significantly improved 1mo after surgery. Logistic regression analysis showed that there was a correlation between location of corneal incision and completion rate of corneal incision, and no correlation was found between eye, age, corneal diameter, peripheral corneal thickness, preoperative corneal and completion rate of corneal incision. ●CONCLUSION: The LenSx femtosecond laser-assisted methodis efficient and safe for cataract surgery.
ABSTRACT
Abstract?AlM:To investigate the influence of lOL refractive index ( Rl ) on measurement of straylight following cataract surgery.?METHODS:ln this case-control study, 77 eyes of 77 age-related cataract patients who underwent cataract phacoemulsification with posterior chamber aspherical arylic lOL implantation surgery in the Eye Hospital of China Medical University from Aug 2013 to Mar 2014, with a best corrected visual acuity ( BCVA) of 0. 5 or better, were classified into 3 groups randomly using 3 types of lOL: Tecnis ZCB00 Group ( Rl = 1. 47, 22 eyes of 22 subjects); Hoya PY60AD Group ( Rl=1. 52, 24 eyes of 24 subjects);Alcon SN60WF or lQ Group ( Rl=1. 55, 31 eyes of 31 subjects ) . BCVA, pupil size, astigmatism, axial length, intraocular straylight were measured respectively.? RESULTS: Age, axial length, BCVA, pupil size, astigmatism of the three groups were not significant difference (P>0. 05). The straylight of Tecnis, Hoya, lQ group were 1.04±0. 15, 1. 19±0. 14, 1. 14±0. 18. Straylight levels had significant differences among three groups ( F=5. 352, P = 0. 007 0. 05).?CONCLUSlON:Patients chosen the higher Rl lOL may have a higher straylight level after the surgery.
ABSTRACT
Patients with early cataract may have normal visual acuity ( VA ) but complain that they have problems in driving at night, like seeing things through a veil. This phenomenon is defined as disability glare which maybe caused by growing stray light. Patients with intraocular lens following cataract surgery may complain about glare, halos and shadows in visual field, which are also resulted from dysphotopia. Disability glare is the VA loss due to disturbing luminance in visual field. ln other words, it's the retinal contrast sensitivity reduction because of the straylight. This article contains the consensus and new progress of disability glare. lt provides solutions according to its effect factors and offers clues for further study.
ABSTRACT
Background Epidemiological investigation showed that 15％-29％ of patients with cataract have preexisting astigmatism of ＞ 1.50 D.So to control astigmatism is very important to the improvement of visual function after cataract surgery.The implantation of Toric intraocular lens (IOL) is a new option for the correction of preexisting astigmatism during cataract surgery,now.Short-term clinical studies of cataract patients with AcrySof Toric IOL implantation have revealed a good stability.However,the evaluation of long-term clinical result is seldom.Objective This study was to evaluate the long-term clinical results of Toric intraocular lens(IOL) implantation.Methods A serial case-observational study was designed.One hundred and twenty eyes of 78 cataract patients were included in this study.Phacoemulsification combined with AcrySof Toric IOL implantation was performed and the patients received a 2-year follow-up.Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA),best corrected distance visual acuity(BCDVA),residual cylinder,IOL rotation,vector analysis and accuracy of astigmatic correction were clinically evaluated in 1 day,1 month,3 months,6 months,1 year and 2 years,respectively.Comparison of these results of different follow-up periods were made.Results Sixty-seven patients (101 eyes)finished the follow-up and 19patients(19 eyes)lost visit due to other diseases affected.At 2 years visit after AcrySof SN60TT implantation,UCDVA,BCDVA,residual cylinder,absolute value of IOL rotation degree,vector magnitude of surgically induced astigmatism (SIA) was 0.16 (0.20),0 (0.1),0.75 (0.5) D,(2.9± 1.8) °,(1.2 ± 0.6) D,and the correction index (CI)was 0.90±0.41.A positive correlation was found between SIA and TIA(r=0.74,P =0.000).Compared to 1 month,3,6 months and 1 year,there was a mild tendency of decrease in accuracy of astigmatism correction and CI.Residual cylinder and degree of IOL rotation at 2 years after surgery were also slightly higher.However these changes were not statistically significant (P＞0.05).Conclusions After 2 years of follow-up,patients with AcrySof Toric implantation remain good visual acuity.AcrySof Toric IOL presents excellent long-term rotational stability and accuracy of astigmatism correction.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To set up and evaluate a computerized image scoring system for quantification of posterior capsular opacification (PCO) that is independent of examinee.METHODS: The PCO model was made in rabbits. Following dilation of the pupil (＞6.5mm), standardized digital images of the PCO were obtained using slit-lamp photographic system(digital camera, computer included). PCO was scored by evaluating retroillumination photograghs. The PCO score was calculated by the formula: PCO score=∑ (OD×AI in CR)×2 +∑(OD×AI in OR), in which OD is opacity density (class 0 to 4),AI is the opacity area fraction, CR is the central region (diameter=3mm), OR is the outer region (3-6mm ring region).To evaluate the reliability of the scoring system, 6 examiners scored the pictures of 5 same eyes (interindividual reliability),and one examiner scored the pictures of 5 eyes on five different days (intraindividual reliability).RESULTS: The PCO scoring system was very reliable. With PCO score range from 0 to 1.5, the interindividual reliability showed standard deviation between 0.05-0.087. Kruskal-Wallis analysis showed no significant difference (H=0.314,P=0.9726). The intraindividual reliability showed standard deviation between 0.041-0.067, no significant difference either (H =0.613, P =0.9616).CONCLUSION: This PCO quantification analysis system evaluates the central area (diameter=6mm) of posterior capsule which is larger than visual acuity or other objective testing. The system revealed high reliability and insignificant investigator-dependent difference. With a standardized photographic setup, systematic errors by the photographic technique were not relevant. This system was proved to be an easy and useful tool to accurately evaluate PCO.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To compare the clinical outcomes of pterygium excision followed by translocation of adjacent conjunctival autograft with stem cells or transplantation of conjunctival autograft with stem cells to treat and prevent the recurrence of pterygium.METHODS: Fifty patients (60 eyes) were divided into 2groups, and pterygium excision followed by translocation of adjacent conjunctival autograft with stem cells (group A) and pterygium excision followed by transplantation of conjunctiva autograft harvested from counter-side limbus with stem cells (group B) were performed respectively.The surgical time of each case was recorded.RESULTS: All the 50 cases (60 eyes) of pterygium were recruited. The epithelization of cornea and conjunctiva in all cases finished in 2-5d, During the follow-up of 6-12mo, pterygium reoccurred in 2 cases (1 in each group), with no difference in recurrence rate. The mean surgical time was 25± 8min for group A,43± 11min for group B, the difference being statistically significant (P＜0.05, t-test).CONCLUSION: Both methods, pterygium excision followed by translocation of adjacent conjunctival autograft with stem cells or transplantation of conjunctival autograft with stem cells are effective on treating and reducing the recurrence of pterygium. Compared with the latter, pterygium excision followed by translocation of adjacent conjunctival autograft with stem cells is simpler and easier to perform, and is preferred by the patients too.
ABSTRACT
AIM: To investigate whether the Acrysof Natural has the protective function for retina from blue light in morphology.METHODS: Fresh porcine eye cups were formed in vitro. Blue light beam between 420-450nm spectrum eradiated the porcine retina and cultured RPE cells in 30J/cm2 and 40J/cm2, respectively. The adjacent region in 3mm diameter was eradiated in various ways: exposed directly to light, through AcrySof one piece IOL, PMMA IOL,AcrySof Natural IOL, and without light. Then the eye cups were cultured for 48h. Lastly, tissue and cell structure were observed with light microscope and transmission electron microscope (TEM).RESULTS: In the retinal region without light, the structure of every layer was clear, cells in neuroepithelial layer arrayed in rule, some bubble presented in external granular layer and internal granular layer, RPE cells were compact, and the color of pigment article was coincident. In the region with direct blue light and that with 30J/cm2+Acrysof one-piece/ pMMlA, cells on photoreceptor and external granular layer were lost partially, bubble increased, RPE cells were with different sizes, and cell edema, cell lost and pigment article cluster could be seen.. In region with 30J/cm2+Natural, a little disorganization could be seen comparing to that without light, but more normal than those with Acrysof and direct eradia tion. When the power was 40J/cm2, the situation was similar to that with 30J/cm2 but more severe.CONCLUSION: ① the blue light intensity in 30J/cm2 and 40J/cm2 could both induce the acute retinal light injury, ② AcrySof one piece IOL and other PMMA IOLhave no obvious effect no retina comparing to direct eradiation, ③AcrySof Natural can weaken the injury of blue light to some extent.
ABSTRACT
· AIM: To investigate the effects of different intraocular anesthetics on rabbit cornea endothelial cells in vitro.· METHODS: The excised rabbit corneae were treated with 10g/L lidocaine or 10g/L xylocaine for different durations. The morphological change was studied under a light microscope using dual staining of Typan-blue and Alizarine-red, and under a scanning electric microscope as well. The cornea endothelial cell (CEC) lost rate was calculated by computerized image analysis system.(Metamorph Image System V 4.6, Olympus Japan).· RESULTS: ①The CEC lost rate in 10g/L lidocaine groups for different durations was(0.91±0.12)%, (1.23±0.27)%, (2.42±0.31)% and (3.61±0.14)% respectively;while in 10g/L xylocaine groups was (0.68±0.16)%,(0.89±0.17)%, (1.84±0.34)% and (2.58±0.34)%, respectively. The difference was significant (P＜0.05, P ＜0.01); ②The action duration of intraocular anesthetics was positively related to the CEC lost rate, the correlative coefficient was 0.974 in 10g/L lidocaine groups,0.976 in 10g/L xylocaine groups; ③ The damage on CEC caused by 10g/L lidocaine was severer than that of 10g/L xylocaine.· CONCLUSIONS: Intraocular anesthetics may cause damage on CEC. Compared with lidocaine, the preservants-free xylocaine was safer.