Spectrum-effect relationship of hemostatic effects of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma with different commodity specifications / 中国中药杂志

This article aims to establish the fingerprints, determine the hemostatic pharmacodynamic indicators, and explore the spectrum-effect relationship of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma in 12 different specifications. Firstly, HPLC and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS) were employed to establish the fingerprints of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. The rat plasma recalcification experiment and the rat gastric bleeding experiment were conducted to determine the pharmacodynamic indicators, including plasma recalcification time(PRT), thrombin time(TT), prothrombin time(PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT). Afterwards, the partial least squares method was employed to explore the spectrum-effect relationship of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma in different specifications. Twenty-six common peaks were detected in the HPLC fingerprints of different specifications of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, and 11 out of the 26 common peaks represented saponins. The content of dencichine was determined by LC-MS. The rat experiments showed that the pharmacodynamic indicators were significantly different among different specifications of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. The spectrum-effect relationship was explored between 27 common components and pharmacodynamic indicators. Among them, 16 components had positive effects on the pharmacodynamic indicators of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, and 11 exerted negative effects. This study provides a basis for the precision medication and quality control of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.

Spectrum-effect relationship of the blood-activating efficacy of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma / 中国中药杂志

This study aims to establish the high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprints of different batches of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, determine their pharmacodynamic indexes of promoting blood circulation, and explore the spectrum-effect relationship between the chemical components of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and the efficacy of promoting blood circulation. Firstly, the HPLC fingerprints of different batches of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma were established. Then, the pharmacodynamic indexes were determined after the capillary coagulation experiment and the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats, including capillary coagulation time, percentage of cerebral ischemic area, cerebral water loss rate, and brain-body index. Afterward, the partial least-squares method was used to explore the spectrum-effect relationship between the chemical components of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma and the pharmacodynamic indexes. The results showed that this study successfully established the HPLC fingerprints of different batches of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma, found 23 common peaks, and identified 12 of them, all of which were saponins. The method was proved stable and reliable. Both the capillary coagulation experiment and the middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)-induced cerebral ischemia-reperfusion experiment on rats revealed that there were obvious differences in the pharmacodynamic indexes of different batches of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. The relationships between 23 common components of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma in different batches and the pharmacodynamic indexes were discussed by means of spectrum-effect correlation analysis, of which 17 components had positive effects while 6 components had negative effects on the pharmacodynamic indexes. This study provides a certain reference basis for the clinical rational use and quality control of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.

Effect of Lanthanum on accumulation of active constituent and key enzymes expression of Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root / 中国中药杂志

The effect of Lanthanum on the accumulation of active constituent and key enzymes expression of Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root were studied and furthermore signaling molecules mediating the synthesis of secondary metabolism was also defined in order to provide references for the reveal of synthesis mechanism of active constituent of S. miltiorrhiza hairy root inducing by Lanthanum. The content of active constituents were detected by HPLC. RNA was extracted with RNA prep Pure RNA purification kit (Tiangen). The results shows that LaCl3 processing promoted the accumulation of tanshinones and phenolic acids in S. miltiorrhiza hairy root. The accumulation of phenolic acids reached the highest at 9 d after treatment, and tanshinones accumulation continued to increase in 15 days. Accumulation of active substance in S. miltiorrhiza may relate with FPPS, TAT, HPPR several key enzyme activation.

Effect of smoke water and distillation liquid on the seed germination and seedling growth of Trichosathes kirilowii / 中国中药杂志

Smoke water and distillation liquid were used to treat the seeds of Trichosathes kirilowii and to study the effects of smoke water and distillation liquid on the seed germination and seedling growth of T. kirilowii. The results showed that germination rate, germination index and germination vigor of T. kirilowii all were significantly improved with the treatment of SW and DL treatment. The activity of α-amylase were significantly increased with the treatment of SW and DL at 1:2,000. SW and DL treatment showed no significant effects on the activity of SOD. The activity of POD were markedly enhanced under the treatment of SW (1:000) and DL (1:2,000). CAT activity were increased with the treatment of SW and DL at 1:2,000 while were inhibited by SW and DL at 1:500. Seedling height and root length were increased with the treatment of SW and DL (1:1,000, 1:2,000). SW and DL treaments improved the content of chlorophyll, and moreover with the concentration of SW and DL, the stimulatory were also increased. This work demonstrated that smoke water and diatillation liquid at 1:2,000 could stimulate the seed germination and seedling growth of T. kirilowii, and it provided the references for the study of seed germination technology.

Comparison on surface ultrastructure characteristic and drought resistance of different Trichosanthes kirilowii strains / 中国中药杂志

Trichosanthes kirilowii has been widely cultivated as its medicinal use, health care and food value. Drought resistance of seedlings is an important feature in breeding. Seeds of two T. kirilowii strains were used to research the difference of surface ultrastructure characteristic and drought resistance. Scanning electron microscope was used to identify the surface ultrastructure characteristic of seeds and PEG was used to simulate drought stress. The seeds germination rate, MDA content, chlorophyll content and the antioxidant enzymes activity were measured under the drought stress. The results showed that the seed surface colour of KXY-001 was lighter than that of KXY-005. The testa cobwebbing of KXY-001 was more intensive than that of KXY-005. The germination rate of KXY-001 was higher than that of KXY-005 under drought stress. The MDA content was increased and the chlorophyll content was decreased with the increasing of drought degree. The SOD activity of KXY-001 was higher than that of KXY-005, while the activity of POD and CAT was also increased firstly and decreased later. Surface reticulate of seeds and hilar traits can be used as identification points to identify the investigated strains. SOD and POD are activated to resist drought in T. kirilowii seedlings and the drought resistance of KXY-001 is superior than that of KXY-005.

Study of human papillomavirus in small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine cervix / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the infection of the high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) in the specimen of the small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine cervix (SCNEC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We extracted the nucleic acids in the formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimen from a 33-year-old patient diagnosed as small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of uterine cervix and detected the HPV genotype with the nested PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We identified HPV18, a high-risk genotype, in the specimen.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The HPV detection with the nested PCR was available for identification of the HPV genotype(s) in the paraffin-embedded specimens of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the uterine cervix with a high accuracy and sensitivity.</p>

Study for association between high risk human papillomavirus and cervical lesions in the samples from opportunistic screening / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between HPV genotypes and cervical lesion in Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) HPV test positive samples.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>602 cervical samples randomly obtained detected as HPV positive by the HC2 high-risk probe cocktail were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-reverse dot blot (RDB), among them 344 participated Thinprep Cytology test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>569 (94.5%) samples were successfully amplified. The most common HPV genotypes were HPV16 (31.6%), 52 (16.7%), 58 (15.1%), 56 (8.1%), 39 (7.9%); HPV16 or HPV16/18 infection was significantly related to ASCUS, LSIL and HSIL; 24 samples suggested single HPV infection with the genotypes not available for HC2.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The most common HPV genotypes in random screening were HPV16, 52 and HPV58; Our data demonstrated the pseudo-positivity of HC2 test was 4.0%; HPV16 was a index for progression of HSIL.</p>

Comparison of ileal digested production of parental rice and rice genetically modified with cowpeas trypsin inhibitor / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids in parental rice and rice genetically modified with sck gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six experimental swines were surgically fixed with a simple T-cannula at the terminal ileum and fed with parental rice and rice genetically modified with sck gene alternately. The ileum digesta were collected and analyzed for determination of apparent and true digestibility of protein and amino acids.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The apparent and true digestibility of protein was similar in these two types of rice. Except for the apparent digestibility of lysine, there was no difference in the apparent and true digestibility of the other 17 amino acids.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The digestibility of protein and amino acids is not changed by the insertion of foreign gene, so it can meet the request of "substantial equivalence" in digestibility of protein and amino acids.</p>

Effects of yogurt supplementation on the growth of preschool children in Beijing suburbs / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of yogurt supplementation on the growth of preschool children in Beijing suburbs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Four hundred and two preschool children (217 males, 185 females), aged 3-5 years, whose height for age and/or weight for age were less than the reference level, were selected as subjects from 7 kindergartens in Beijing Fangshan District. The subjects were divided randomly into control group (CG, 201) and yogurt supplemented group (YG, 201). Each subject in YG was given one serving of yogurt (125 g) for 5 days a week from March to December in 2001, while nothing additional was provided to CG. All subjects kept their usual diet during the study. Anthropometry (body height and weight and upper-arm circumference) and the bone mineral density (BMD) of forearm were measured every 3 months. Disease status and dietary intake were also recorded and assessed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The intake of calcium, zinc, and vitamin B2 in YG was significantly higher than that in CG. The incidence and duration of upper-respiratory infection and diarrhea of children in YG were significantly less than those in CG. The height gain of children in YG was significantly higher than that in CG after yogurt was supplemented for 3, 6, and 9 months (P<0.05) (1.90+/-0.49 cm vs 1.77+/-0.54 cm, 3.83+/-0.57 cm vs 3.64+/-0.66 cm and 5.43+/-0.69 cm vs 5.24+/-0.76 cm, respectively). The weight gain of children in YG was significantly higher than that in CG after yogurt was supplemented for 3, 6, and 9 months (P<0.05) (0.70+/-0.43 kg vs 0.49+/-0.35 kg, 0.98+/-0.62 kg vs 0.80+/-0.60 kg and 1.42+/-0.76 kg vs 1.20+/-0.67 kg, respectively). The BMD of children in YG was significantly higher than that in CG after yogurt was supplemented for 9 months (P<0.05) (0.415+/-0.058 g/cm2 vs 0.400+/-0.065 g/cm2).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Yogurt is beneficial to the improvement of calcium, zinc, and vitamin B2 intake, the decreasing of the incidence and duration of upper-respiratory infection and diarrhea, and the promotion of the health and the growth and development of preschool children.</p>

Effect of micronutrient supplementation on the growth of preschool children in China / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the relationship between micronutrient supplementation and children growth.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 156 growth retarded preschool children. They were randomly assigned to five groups: supplemental control (S-control, n = 28), zinc supplementation (+Zn, 3.5 mg Zn/day, n = 34), zinc and calcium supplementation (+ZnCa, 3.5 mg Zn + 250 mg Ca/day, n = 37), zinc and calcium and vitamin A supplementation (+ZnCaVA, 3.5 mg Zn + 250 mg Ca + 200 g VA/day, n = 28), Calcium, and vitamin A supplementation (+CaVA, 250 mg Ca + 200 g VA/day, n = 29). Another 34 children with normal height were selected as normal control (N-control). Supplementation continued for twelve months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The height gain in +Zn group (7.84 cm per year) and +ZnCa group (7.70 cm per year) was significantly higher than that in S-control group (6.74 cm per year, P < 0.05); The weight gain in +ZnCaVA group (2.55 kg per year) and +CaVA group (2.57 kg per year) was also significantly higher than that in S-control group (2.19 kg per year, P < 0.05); The average days of illness in each supplementation group were lower than that in S-control (13 days per year compared with 23 days per year). No significant difference was observed on bone age.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Zinc and Zinc + Calcium supplementation can improve the height gain, and vitamin A can improve weight gain in growth retarded preschool children, but do not affect the maturity of bone. Micronutrient supplementation can lower the morbidity of these children.</p>