CeO / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Drought is a common limiting factor affecting rice yield and quality. Cerium oxide nanoparticles(nanoceria) have been widely reported to improve crop stress tolerance. However, the effects and mechanisms of nanoceria on rice drought tolerance are still unknown. The aim of this study is to investigate whether nanoceria can improve rice drought tolerance by modulating reactive oxygen species(ROS) homeostasis and nitric oxide(NO) levels. Our results showed that compared with no-nanoparticle treatment, nanoceria significantly increased the fresh weight of rice seedlings under drought stress(19%, P < 0. 05). Also, under drought stress, the ROS level of rice leaves treated with nanoceria was significantly lower(82%, P < 0. 05) than leaves treated with buffer. The leaf NO level after nanoceria treatment, however, is significantly higher(46%, P < 0. 05) than that with no-nanoparticle treatment under drought stress. Moreover, compared with control plants, nanoceria maintained better membrane integrity in rice leaf cells under drought stress, showing a 70% decrease(P < 0. 05) in dead leaf cells. This study explores the mechanisms underlying nanoceria’s improved rice drought tolerance by affecting ROS and NO levels, which not only further enriches our knowledge about the interaction between nanoparticles and crops under abiotic stress but also gives more support on the sustainable development of nano-enabled agriculture.

Fucoxanthin regulates Nrf2/Keap1 signaling to alleviate myocardial hypertrophy in diabetic rats / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the protective effect of fucoxanthin (FX) against diabetic cardiomyopathy and explore the underlying mechanism.@*METHODS@#Rat models of diabetes mellitus (DM) induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) were randomized into DM model group, fucoxanthin treatment (DM+FX) group and metformin treatment (DM+ Met) group, and normal rats with normal feeding served as the control group. In the two treatment groups, fucoxanthin and metformin were administered after modeling by gavage at the daily dose of 200 mg/kg and 230 mg/kg, respectively for 12 weeks, and the rats in the DM model group were given saline only. HE staining was used to examine the area of cardiac myocyte hypertrophy in each group. The expression levels of fibrotic proteins TGF-β1 and FN proteins in rat hearts were detected with Western blotting. In the cell experiment, the effect of 1 μmol/L FX on H9C2 cell hypertrophy induced by exposure to high glucose (HG, 45 mmol/L) was evaluated using FITC-labeled phalloidin. The mRNA expression levels of the hypertrophic factors ANP, BNP and β-MHC in H9C2 cells were detected using qRT-PCR. The protein expressions of Nrf2, Keap1, HO-1 and SOD1 proteins in rat heart tissues and H9C2 cells were determined using Western blotting. The DCFH-DA probe was used to detect the intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS).@*RESULTS@#In the diabetic rats, fucoxanthin treatment obviously alleviated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis, increased the protein expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1, and decreased the protein expressions of Keap1 in the heart tissue (P < 0.05). In H9C2 cells with HG exposure, fucoxanthin significantly inhibited the enlargement of cell surface area, lowered the mRNA expression levels of ANP, BNP and β-MHC (P < 0.05), promoted Nrf2 translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, and up-regulated the protein expressions its downstream targets SOD1 and HO-1 (P < 0.05) to enhance cellular antioxidant capacity and reduce intracellular ROS production.@*CONCLUSION@#Fucoxanthin possesses strong inhibitory activities against diabetic cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis and is capable of up-regulating Nrf2 signaling to promote the expression of its downstream antioxidant proteins SOD1 and HO-1 to reduce the level of ROS.

Application analysis of a modified retroauricular hairline incision in the resection of a benign parotid gland tumor / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#This study aimed to evaluate the application value of a modified retroauricular hairline incision and a sternocleidomastoid flap with an inferior pedicle in the resection of benign parotid gland tumors.@*METHODS@#Forty-eight patients with benign parotid gland tumors were retrospectively analyzed: 19 cases were included in the experimental group with an improved retroauricular hairline incision and a sternocleidomastoid flap with an inferior pedicle, and 29 cases were assigned in the control group with a modified facelift incision. Operation time, postoperative drainage, postoperative esthetic degree, and incidence of facial nerve paralysis, salivary fistula, and Frey's syndrome were compared.@*RESULTS@#After the esthetic procedure, the average score of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, and the esthetic effect of the former was better than that of the latter (@*CONCLUSIONS@#The modified retroauricular hairline incision and sternocleidomastoid flap with an inferior pedicle can be applied to resect benign parotid gland tumors safely. It shows a better cosmetic effect and does not cause obvious postoperative complications. Therefore, it should be promoted for tumor treatments.

Effect of ginkgo biloba extract on behaviors in rat with adolescent sedentariness / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on behaviors in rat with adolescent sedentariness and its possible mechanism. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats (4-week-old) were randomly divided into normal control (NC), adolescent sedentarines (AS), and Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) groups. After 4 weeks intervention with GBE, open-field test and elevated plus-maze test were performed to detect the behavioral changes. The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in brain were determined by colorimetric method. Protein levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK-3β) and β-catenin in cerebral white matter were determined by Western blotting. Results In open-field test, it was shown that the autonomic activity of rats in AS group increased, while the central regional travel time was reduced. Duration and number of residence in the open arm of elevated plus-maze test decreased in AS group. These anxiety-like behaviors were ameliorated by GBE intervention. Compared with the NC group, GSK-3β/ β-catenin ratio and the content of MDA was upregulated in AS group while downregulated in GBE group. And activity of SOD were downregulated in AS group while significantly upregulated in GBE group (P<0. 05). Conclusion Ginkgo biloba extract ameliorate anxiety-like behavior in rat with adolescent sedentariness. Wnt/ β-catenin pathway and antioxidant regulation may play a cerebral protective role.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw caused by implant: a case report / 华西口腔医学杂志

Osteonecrosis of the jaw could occur after intake of bisphosphonate drugs, which are widely used to treat osteoporosis and bone metastasis of malignant tumors. This effect has aroused concern among dentists. In this paper, a case of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis caused by implant is reported, and the pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of bisphosphonate drug-induced osteonecrosis are described through a literature review. The effects of bisphosphonate drug treatment on dental implants are also discussed.

Identification and determination of phenolic acids and flavonoids in Artemisiae Argyi Folium by UPLC-DAD-MS / 中国中药杂志

The study aims to qualitatively and quantitatively analyze phenolic acids and flavonoids in Artemisiae Argyi Folium cultivated in Qichun(Qiai) for the quality control of this genuine regional herbs. UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS was used for rapid separation and structural identification of the constituents. Samples were separated on an UPLC column(2. 1 mm×100 mm,1. 8 μm) by gradient elution using 0. 1% formic acid and acetonitrile as mobile phases at a flow rate of 0. 4 m L·min-1. By UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS,16 compounds including phenolic acids and flavonoids were identified by comparison with reference standards or literature data. For quantitative analysis,12 identified compounds were simultaneously determined by UPLC-DAD at wavelengths of 330 nm. The method was validated with respect to linearity,precision,repeatability,stability and recovery. The contents of these compounds were found to differ significantly between the samples from Qichun and other areas. This strategy was novel,effective and straightforward,which provided a potential approach for holistic quality control of Qiai.

Cleidocranial dysplasia: a case report and gene mutation analysis / 华西口腔医学杂志

Cleidocranial dysplasia is a rare autosomal dominant hereditary disease characterized by abnormal skeletal and dental development. In this work, a case of cleidocranial dysplasia is reported, and a new frameshift mutation is confirmed by gene detection.

Case control study on Mobi-C cervical artificial disc replacement and anterior cervical decompression MC+fusion for the treatment of cervical spondylosis / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the clinical effects and clinical indications between Mobi-C cervical artificial disc replacement (CADR) and MC+ anterior cervical decompression and fusion(ACDF) in treating cervical spondylosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 100 patients with cervical spondylosis treated ACDF or CADR from June 2009 to June 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 53 males and 47 females, aged from 38 to 70 years old. Among them, 50 cases were treated by ACDF (ACDF group), follow-up time was for 22 to 42 months with an average of (32.24±5.20) months;other 50 cases were treated by CADR (CADR group), follow-up time was for 23 to 48 months with an average of (30.40±5.66) months. Odom criterion was used to evaluate the clinical effects in two groups. JOA score, including sensory function, motor function and bladder function was used to assess the spinal cord function. Preoperative and postoperative responsible intervertebral space heights, cervical curvatures were compared by image data between two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All incisions obtained good healing and no serious complications were found. At final follow-up, 30 cases got excellent results, 12 good, 8 fair in ACDF group;and 34 cases got excellent results, 10 good, 6 fair in CADR group;there was no significant difference between two groups(u=4.000, =0.827). At final follow-up, the scores of sensory function and motor function were obviously improved(<0.05), and bladder function had not obviously recovered (>0.05) in two groups;and CADR group in the scores of sensory function and motor function were obviously better than of ACDF group(<0.05). There was no significant difference in preoperative intervertebral space height, cervical curvature between two groups, and at final follow-up both had different recovered. The recovery of CADR group was obviously better than of ACDF group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>CADR can quickly recover normal action for patients and retains the movement. CADR has certain advantages in recovering cervical curvature, improveing sensory function and motor function, but it is not able to completely replace ACDF.</p>

Methods for target identification of bioactive compounds / 国际药学研究杂志

Target identification of bioactive compounds is one of the key issues in chemical biology and drug discovery. With the development of science technology, a variety of methods and technologies for target identification have been reported. They can be fundamentally categorized into two approaches: the direct method based on affinity chromatography which is mainly to detect the combination of drug and targets, and the indirect one which is mainly to predict the drug target and action mechanism by physiological reaction and biochemical marker. This review aims to describe the two approaches for target identification.

Sequence analysis of VP1 gene of the duck hepatitis A virus type 3 strains isolated from Shandong Province of China in 2012 / 病毒学报

To reveal the genetic variation of the viral protein 1 (VP1) gene of the duck hepatitis A virus type 3 (DHAV-3), the VP1 gene of 13 virulent DHAV-3 strains isolated from Shandong province of China in 2012 were amplified by RT-PCR, sequenced and analyzed. The results showed that all the VP1 genes of the 13 isolates contained 720 nucleotides encoding 240 amino acids, and shared with nucleotide identities of 94. 6%-99.9% and amino acid identities of 95.0%-100%. The nucleotide and amino acid sequence homologies between the 13 DHAV-3 isolates and other 31 DHAV-3 reference strains were 92.5%-100% and 90. 8%-100%, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the VP1 gene of DHAV-3 had distinct geographical characteristics. Distribution of genotypes of the 44 DHAV-3 strains was as follows: except the vaccine strain B63, all the other Chinese isolates belonged to genotype I (GI), Vietnamese wild isolates mainly belonged to subtype 1 (S1) of genotype II (GII), and all Korean isolates belonged to subtype 2 (S2) of GII.

Descending colon adenocarcinoma with spermatic cord metastasis: report of two cases and review of the literature

Metastatic carcinoma of the spermatic cord from colon cancer is extremely uncommon. The prognosis of metastatic spermatic cord cancer is poor. Resection of the metastasis and systematic chemotherapy may improve the prognosis. We report two cases and review of the literature. A 81-year-old man presented with painless left scrotum mass 60 months after left hemicolectomy for a descending colon cancer. Biopsy of the mass confirmed a metastatic adenocarcinoma. He refused any further treatment. Following 16 months, he was in a poor quality of life with the mass enlarged and ulceration. Another 66-year-old man presented with painless left scrotum mass 25 months after left hemicolectomy for a descending colon cancer. Radical orchidoepididymectomy followed by 7 cycles of FOLFOX4 chemotherapy was performed. Histological examination showed both mucinous adenocarcinoma in primary and secondary tumor. He was free from disease 20 months after diagnosis

Hepatitis C virus F protein-mediated inhibition of hepatoma cell proliferation / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the biological function of the hepatitis C virus (HCV)-encoded F protein in hepatocytes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The full-length F gene was amplified by PCR from HCV genotype 1a and cloned into plasmid pSEB-3Flag by restriction enzyme digestion and ligation. Hepatoma cell lines, Huh7 and SMMC7721, were transfected with the resultant recombinant pSEB-3Flag-F or the original pSEB-3Flag (negative control) and screened with the selective antibiotic, blasticidin. Stable F gene and protein expression was verified by RT-PCR analysis. Analysis of cell growth and cell cycle was carried out by MTS assay, crystal violet staining and flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Huh7 and SMMC7721 cells transfected with pSEB-3Flag-F plasmid (Huh7-F and SMMC7721-F, respectively) uniquely expressed the F gene and protein. The Huh7-F and SMMC7721-F cells showed significantly decreased proliferation rates, compared to the respective control groups. A similar HCV F-mediated growth-inhibiting activity was observed by the cell viability assay. Furthermore, cell cycle analysis revealed that the S-phase distribution was much lower in Huh7-F (47.12%) and SMMC7721-F (30.75%) cells than in the respective controls (55.35% and 33.23%, respectively) (P less than 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Stable expression of the HCV F gene reduced the in vitro proliferation rate of hepatoma cell lines, indicating that the F protein may function as a growth inhibitor of infected cells.</p>

Overcoming acquired resistance to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand by Bcl-XL small interfering RNA in human colon cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the reversing effect of Bcl-XL small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the acquired resistance to tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in human colon cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human colon cancer cells DLD1-TRAIL/R, with acquired resistance to TRAIL, were firstly transfected with Bcl-XL siRNA for 24 h followed by the treatment of TRAIL protein. The survival rate of DLD1-TRAIL/R cells was assessed by FACS analysis and cell number counting, respectively, and activation of its apoptotic signaling was evaluated by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bcl-XL siRNA effectively downregulated the expression of Bcl-XL protein and reversed the acquired resistance to TRAIL in DLD1-TRAIL/R cells. After combination treatment of Bcl-XL siRNA and TRAIL protein, the apoptotic rate of DLD1-TRAIL/R cells was more than 50% and survival rate was less than 40%, whereas there was no effect on the survival of DLD1-TRAIL/R cells after treatment with control treatment or TRAIL protein treatment alone (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis demonstrated that caspase-8, caspase-9, Bid, caspase-3, and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) were obviously activated after combination treatment with Bcl-XL siRNA and TRAIL protein, and the release of cytochrome C was also significantly increased.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Bcl-XL siRNA can effectively reverse the acquired resistance to TRAIL in human colon cancer cells, suggesting that it might be a new strategy for overcoming the resistance in cancer therapy.</p>

Experimental study on prevention adhesion after orbital blowout fracture repaired by man-made plates of amniotic membrane / 眼科

Objective To explore the effect of preventing adhesion after the orbital blowout fracture on orbit tissue by amniotic membrane. Design Experimental study. Participants Twenty-six New Zealand rabbits. Methods Establishing rabbit orbital blowout fracture model, the right orbit of twenty rabbits was repaired by hydroxyapatite (HA) parceled of amniotic membrane, and left orbit was only repaired by HA, the orbits of the other six rabbits weren't repaired. Then we got the tissue around bone after one week and one month, and compared the difference of three groups. Main Outcome Measures Inflammatory response of tissue around bone was ana- lyzed by HE, picric acid Sirius Scarlet dying, TGF-?immunohistoehemical observation. Results One week after operation, HE and im- munohistochemistry showed that the difference was not significant in inflammatory response between experimental group and control group (P=0.351, P=0.413), and difference is significant between blank group and experimental group (P=0.012, P=0.041). One month after operation, HE and immunohistoehemistry showed that the difference was significant in inflammatory response between experimental group and control group(P=0.037, P=0.048), and there is no significant difference between experimental group and blank group(P=0.285, P=0.472). Conclusion It has an important role of anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesion in the chronic stage of inflammatory after orbital blowout fracture repaired by man-made plates of amniotie membrane.

Linkage analysis of congenital nuclear cataract and DLAD locus / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

· AIM: DLAD (DnaseII-like acid Dnase) is an acid DNase that is highly expressed in human and murine lens fibre cells. Recently, the DLAD-/- mice with a deficience in DLAD gene were reported to develop nuclear cataract.To elucidate whether a deficient DLAD gene can cause some human cataract, we studied autosomal dominant nuclear catarat in 6 families and analysed linkage between cataract and DLAD locus.·METHODS: Two-point Lod score values were obtained for markers D1S551 and GATA65B07.· RESULTS: The results show negative Lod scores (z=-∞ at θ =0), so linkage was excluded between the defect and DLAD locus in these families.·CONCLUSION: no evidence for cataracts in these families linkage to chromosome 1p22.3, the DLAD locus.