Progress of research on bone grafts for implant dentistry / 口腔医学

@#With the development of dental implant techniques, dental rehabilitation of partially or totally edentulous patients with oral implants has become a common practice. Adequate bone volume in the implant area is a key factor for the success of implant restoration. However, insufficient bone volume in the implant area is very common in clinical practice, which jeopardizes the structural, functional, and esthetic outcomes of implant treatment. Bone augmentation with bone grafts is one of the methods commonly used in clinical practice to meet the requirements of implantation. Properties of bone grafts, such as biocompatibility,osteoconduction, osteoinduction and osteogenesis, are important to the success of bone augmentation. This paper reviews current research on dental bone grafts about their clinically relevant capabilities, classification and their potential development in the future, in order to provide theoretical reference for clinical application of bone grafts and successful implant restoration.

Exploration of flipped classroom model based on Simodont in the standardized training teaching of prosthodontics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective:To explore the application effect of flipped classroom model based on Simodont dental training system in the standardized training teaching of prosthodontics.Methods:The control experiment was used in this study. Seventy two students from Batch 2018 and Batch 2019 of Stomatology Hospital of Air Force Medical University were selected and randomly divided into experimental group (flipped classroom model based on Simodont dental training system) and control group (Simodont dental training system training mode after traditional teaching), with 18 students every academic year in each group. Questionnaire survey was conducted to evaluate the teaching effect, and the results of after-class theory test and practical computer test were compared between the two groups. SPSS 20.0 was used for chi-square test and t test. Results:The experimental group was better than the control group in enhancing classroom interest, improving the ability of independent analysis and problem-solving, and cultivating the ability of cooperation and expression ( P<0.05). The scores of after-class theory test and practical computer test in the experimental group [(23.36±0.21) points and (90.56±0.52) points] were significantly better than those in the control group[(21.81±0.25) points and (88.31±0.48) points] ( P<0.01). Conclusion:The flipped classroom model based on Simodont dental training system can effectively improve the effect of standardized training and teaching of professional skills in prosthodontics. At the same time, the students' ability of independent analysis and problem solving, cooperation and communication and expression are effectively improved.

Identification and analysis of two Mycobacterium abscess with different morphology / 中华检验医学杂志

Two types of Mycobacterium abscesses (Mab) were found in sputum from a patient with severe pneumonia in May 2020. One was Mycobacteriumabscessus with smooth morphology (Mab S), the other was Mycobacteriumabscessus with rough morphology (Mab R). Both of them were compared and drug susceptibility testing were performed to provide clinical scientific diagnosis and treatment. Morphology, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and 16S rRNA were used to analyze Mab S and Mab R, phylogenetic evolution tree was constructed by gene sequence alignment for homology, proportion and broth drug test were used for in vitro drug sensitivity test. There were morphological differences between Mab S and Mab R. MALDI-TOF MS analysis showed that there were 223 protein peaks in Mab R and 147 protein peaks in Mab S. Mab S contained 1 397 bp and Mab R contained 1 402 bp as 16s rRNA gene sequencing revealed. Drug susceptibility testing showed that both of them were almost resistant to all antituberculosis drugs, but sensitive to most of antibiotics. Mab S and Mab R were not only different in manifestations, but also in protein and gene comparison. Both of them were generally resistant to antituberculosis drugs. Antibiotic combined therapy has been confirmed to be an effective treatment in clinic.

Study on the stratified-grading teaching mode of standardized training of residents in prosthodontics / 中华医学教育探索杂志

By summarizing the standardized training of dental residents from 2015 in the Department of Prosthodontics of The Fourth Military Medical University, it's found that the traditional training method were less effective because of the great differences in the academic level, clinical practice ability and self-study ability of the residents. We have adopted the stratified-grading teaching mode, which divides the newly enrolled residents into A, B and C levels according to their scores. At the same time, we have divided the training process into three stages: reinforcing the foundation, increasing the various skills of prosthodontics, and improving the ability of self-study. And the stratified and segmented training and assessment has been carried out to finally achieve the ideal teaching effect.

Investigation of sagittal root position in relation to the anterior maxillary alveolar bone: a cone-beam CT study in 300 cases with normal occlusion / 中华口腔医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the sagittal root position and apical bone height of the maxillary anterior teeth in order to provide anatomical information for immediate implant placement in the esthetic region.@*Methods@#Cone-beam CT (CBCT) data from 300 randomly selected patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in this study. After three-dimensional reconstruction, the sagittal plane (the sagittal plane through the long axis of the tooth) was determined. The positions and angulations of the tooth roots were classified with reference to the alveolar process. By comparing the buccal and palatal bone thickness at the mid-root level, the toot positions with reference to the mid-alveolar line were defined and classified as follows, type B (closer to the buccal alveolar surface), type M (midway between the buccal and palatal alveolar surface) and type P (closer to the palatal alveolar surface). By comparing the angulations of the alveolar process with the long axis of the roots, the angulations were classified as follows, type 1 (root apex angulated toward the palatal side or parallel to the alveolus), type 2 (root apex angulated toward the buccal side with the long axis passing posterior to point A) and type 3 (root apex angulated toward the buccal side with the long axis passing anterior to point A). The frequency of each category was counted and the apical bone height was measured. The subjects were divided into three age groups, 19-30 years, 31-50 years and 51-75 years.@*Results@#The overall mean apical bone height of the healthy maxillary central incisors was (9.2±3.0) mm, the lateral incisors was (10.0±2.9) mm and the canine was (8.1±3.1) mm. There was no significant difference in the height of apical bone between central incisors and lateral incisors (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the height of apical bone between male and female (P>0.05). The height of apical bone in group 31-50 years and 51-75 years were greater than that in group 19-30 years (P<0.05), respectively. The proportion of the maxillary anterior teeth type B, M, P was 98.5% (1 774/1 800), 0.3% (5/1 800) and 1.2% (21/1 800) respectively. The proportion of type 1, 2, 3 was 2.6% (46/1 800), 58.6% (1 055/1 800) and 38.8% (699/1 800) respectively.@*Conclusions@#There was enough apical bone height in the area of maxillary anterior teeth, but the majority of roots positioned more buccally.

Perioperative nursing care to 8 patients with for pelvic cavity and genital tract aggressive angiomyxoma / 现代临床护理

Objective To summarize the experience in perioperatively nursing 8 patients with pelvic cavity and genital tract aggressive angiomyxoma (AAM). Method The perioperative nursing care was given to 8 AAM patients who were hospitalized in the department of obstetrics and gynecology from January 2010 to June 2015. Results The abdominal and perineal wounds were healed well without complications. All patients were recovered and discharged. One case had a relapse 2 years and another did 3 years after operation. Conclusion Such nursing measures as preoperative psychological nursing, close observation of the disease conditions, nursing cooperation during rescue for postoperative bleeding, treatment of postoperative complications and enhancing health education concerning the importance of long-term follow-up can be helpful for their recovery.

Effect of three therapies on shoulder pains after gynecological laparoscopies / 现代临床护理

Objective To study the effects of three therapies on shoulder pains after gynecological laparoscopies.Methods After the gynecological laparoscopies,180 patients were randomly assigned to hot compress group(n=57),oxygen therapy group (n=65)and routine care group as control group(n=58).All the patients in the three groups were given oxygen inhalation for three hours.Besides,those controls were given mental care,comfort support and massage,while those in the two experiment groups were managed with hot compress on the shoulder and oxygen inhalation via nasal tube at 2 L/min each for 2 hours at 8 am and 4 pm on the first day.The three groups were compared in terms of shoulder pains,at different time points on the first day(at 8 am,4 pm and 8 pm). Results After intervention,there were significant differences between the three groups in terms of shoulder pains(P<0?05).In both experiment groups,the scores on the shoulder pains after intervention were significantly lower than those before intervention(P<0?001). Conclusions Hot compress and oxygen treatment are both effective in relief of the shoulder pain after gynecological laparoscopy. Therefore,the therapy can be decided on economic conditions and postoperative rehabilitations.

Prokaryotic expression, identification and bioinformatics analysis of fbpB-esxA fusing gene from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

OBJECTIVE@#To obtain fbpB-esxA fusing gene of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), express the encoded fusing protein in Escherichia coli (E. coli), identify protein acquired, and predict the structure and function of the protein utilizing methods of bioinformatics.@*METHODS@#fbpB and esxA gene were amplified from genome of MTB H37Rv by PCR. The fbpB-esxA fusing gene ligated by (Gly(4)Ser)(3) linker was gained by means of Gene Splicing by Overlapping Extension PCR (SOE-PCR), and fusing gene was cloned into expression vector pET-30a. The recombinant plasmid was sequenced and expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3). The protein was identified by Western blot using anti-HIS antibody. Secondary structure and antigenic epitopes of the protein were predicting using tools of bioinformatics.@*RESULTS@#The DNA sequences of fbpB-esxA were identical with that published by GenBank. The Ag85B-ESAT-6 fusion protein about 50 kDa comprised 485 amino acids was efficiently produced from expression system in E. coli BL21(DE3) under the induction of IPTG. Bioinformatics analysis showed the protein contained one transmembrane region and fourteen potential antigenic epitopes.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The Ag85B-ESAT-6 fusion protein is successfully expressed with N-terminal HIS-tag. Gel filtration demonstrated that it exists as insoluble inclusion bodies mainly. The existence of linker doesn't affect immunogenicity of Ag85B and ESAT-6. It will allow for characterization in vitro and establish a foundation of further function research such as vaccine or diagnostic reagent.

Plant vector construction and expression of Der f1 allergen of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinu / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To construct the plant expression vector of Der f1 allergen of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinu and expression in tobacco lamina.Methods:The Der f1 gene was amplified from the glycerin bacterium which contained pET28a(+)-Der f1 plasmid,cloned into the pMD 19-T plasmid,and then sequenced.The Der f1 gene was digested by ClaⅠand SalⅠ,and cloned into potato virus X (PVX) to construct plant expression vector PVX-Der f1,and then was transformed agrobacterium tumefaciens.The positive one was selected to infect tobacco lamina for expressing target protein.The protein was identified and analysed by SDS-PAGEand Western blot.Results:Digestion and sequence analysis confirmed that the plant expression vector was correct,and the SDS-PAGE and Western blot results showed that the molecular weight of the protein was about 34M_r and it could specific binding with positive serum.Conclusion:The plant expression vector of Der f1 is successfully constructed and the recombinant protein is also produced.