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Intellectual development disorders are a group of etiologically diverse conditions originating during the developmental period characterized by significantly below average intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior. It is important to combine the personalized intervention with games and activities of daily living in community and family. Moreover, early intervention methods such as multi-sensory stimulation, activity observation training, goals-activity-motor enrichment are needed to improve their cognitive function; special education, intervention of behavioral, medicine and training of social skills, self-esteem and emotional quotient, to improve the outcome of children with intellectual development disorder.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of Kuntai capsule on the gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist(GnRH-a)-induced perimenopaus symptoms and the sex hormone levels.METHODS: A total of 99 patients with uterine fibroids,adenomyosis or moderate to severe endometriosis who needed the treatment of GnRH-a at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from June 2015 to March 2016 were collected and randomly divided into research group(Kuntai capsule)and control group(Tibolone). GnRH-a was injected once every 28 days and first injection of GnRH-a was administered on the 2 nd to 4 th day of menstrual period or retraction bleeding after surgery.Kuntai capsule or Tibolone was orally taken beginning from the first GnRH-a injection,and the co-administration of Caltrate D-600 and alfacalcidol was given in both groups.The Kupperman scores,sex hormone levels including folliclestimulating hormone(FSH)and estrogen(E_2),and adverse events were recorded.RESULTS: Kuntai capsule kept the perimenopause symptoms at mild level with the slow increase of Kupperman scores,whose effect was significantly superior to Tibolone(P<0.05)after 8 weeks of treatment,especially in paresthesia,nervousness,and formication.The FSH and E_2 levels in both Kuntai and Tibolone groups were obviously decreased when compared with the pre-treatment(P<0.05),and these hormone levels in Kuntai group were comparable to those in Tibolone group.No adverse events occurred in either group. CONCLUSION: In the short-term treatment of GnRH-a,Kuntai capsule exhibits significant alleviating effects on perimenopause symptoms caused by GnRH-a with high safety and few adverse reactions.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Regional left ventricular (LV) function could be detected by measuring peak-systolic strain by speckle tracking imaging (STI). We evaluated the value of STI combined with adenosine stress echocardiography on assessing myocardial viability in patients with myocardial infarction (MI).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two dimensional echocardiography was performed at rest and after adenosine stress echocardiography (infused at 140 µg×kg(-1)×min(-1) over a period of 6 min) in 39 stable patients with previous MI. Peak-systolic (Speak-sys) circumferential strain, radial strain and longitudinal strain were assessed by STI. Radionuclide myocardial perfusion/metabolic imaging served as the "gold standard" to detection of myocardial viability.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) There were 215 viable and 153 non-viable regions among 368 abnormal motion segments out of 624 segments in 39 MI patients according to radionuclide imaging results. (2) Speak-sys was similar between viable and nonviable myocardium at rest (all P > 0.05). After adenosine infusion, radial Speak-sys [(37.98 ± 5.45)% vs. (30.22 ± 5.47)%], longitudinal Speak-sys [(-23.71 ± 4.53)% vs. (-17.52 ± 4.34)%] increased significantly (P < 0.05)in viable segments compared to baseline levels and were significantly higher than in nonviable segments radial Speak-sys [(37.98 ± 5.45)% vs. (30.12 ± 5.37)%] and longitudinal Speak-sys [(-23.71 ± 4.53)% vs. (-16.95 ± 4.62)%] (P < 0.05), while remained unchanged in nonviable segments before and after adenosine infusion. Circumferential Speak-sys was similar before and after adenosine infusion in both viable and nonviable segments (all P > 0.05). (3) Delta radial strain change > 9.8% has a sensitivity of 82.3% and a specificity of 81.1% whereas a delta change of longitudinal strain > 16.5% has a sensitivity of 83.5% and a specificity of 92.3% for detecting viable segments.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Speckle tracking imaging combined with adenosine stress echocardiography could serve as a new and reliable method of assessing myocardial viability.</p>
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Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cell Survival , Echocardiography , Myocardial Infarction , Diagnostic Imaging , Myocardium , Cell Biology , Radionuclide ImagingABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>to explore the feasibility of evaluating viable myocardium with two-dimensional strain imaging combined with adenosine stress echocardiography.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>acute myocardial infarction and reperfusion model was made by ligating anterior descending coronary artery for 90 minutes followed by 120-minute reperfusion in 15 healthy mongrel dogs. Images were acquired at baseline and after reperfusion. Adenosine was then infused and image acquisition repeated. Regional peak-systolic strain in radial, circumferential and longitudinal motion on anterior wall and anterior septum were measured. TTC staining served as a "gold standard" to define viable and nonviable myocardium. The ratio of infarct area (S(N)) to total area (S) was calculated and viable myocardium was defined with S(N)/S ≤ 50%.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>at baseline, RS(peak sys), CS(peak sys) and LS(peak sys) were similar between viable (n = 37) and nonviable myocardial segments (n = 53) and significantly decreased after reperfusion in both viable and nonviable myocardial segments. Compared with values obtained after reperfusion, LS(peak sys) and RS(peak sys) remained unchanged in nonviable myocardial segments and significantly increased in viable myocardial segments after adenosine (P < 0.05). Post adenosine RS(peak sys) was negatively correlated with S(N)/S and CS(peak sys) and LS(peak sys) were positively correlated with S(N)/S. With ΔRS(peak-sys) (before and after adenosine) ≥ 13.5%, the sensitivity was 83.8% and specificity was 83.0% for distinguishing viable from nonviable myocardial segment. With ΔLS(peak sys) ≥ 11% as cutoff value, the sensitivity was 78.4% and specificity was 88.7% for distinguishing viable from nonviable myocardial segment. Combining ΔRS(peak sys) and ΔLS(peak sys), the sensitivity and specificity for distinguishing viable from nonviable myocardial segment were 91.9% and 79.2%, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>two-dimensional strain imaging combined with adenosine stress echocardiography could quantitatively identify viable and nonviable myocardium.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Disease Models, Animal , Echocardiography, Stress , Methods , Myocardial Infarction , Diagnostic Imaging , Myocardial Reperfusion Injury , Diagnostic Imaging , Myocardium , Pathology , Tissue SurvivalABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the impact of autologous transfusion on the status of perioperative immune activation in malignant tumor patients. The Serum Neopterin and Interleukin-2 (IL-2) were measured.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty patients undergoing elective radical resection for malignant stomach tumor were enrolled in the prospective study and assigned to the following groups: (1) Group A received autologous transfusion. (2) Group H received allogeneic transfusion. The perioperative course (Before induction of anesthesia, after operation and 5 d after operation) of Neopterin and IL-2 was compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In group A, Serum Neopterin was significantly lower than baseline after operation and IL-2 had no significant changes. In group H, both Serum Neopterin and IL-2 were significantly lower than baseline after operation and 5 d after operation. Compared with group A, Serum Neopterin was significantly lower than baseline after operation and 5 d after operation and IL-2 was significantly lower than baseline 5 d after operation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Autologous transfusion decreased the perioperative immune suppression in malignant stomach tumor patients.</p>