Two new phenylpropanoids from wine-processed Corni Fructus / 中国中药杂志

Six compounds were isolated from aqueous extract of wine-processed Corni Fructus through silica gel, ODS column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel column chromatography, reverse phase preparative HPLC and other chromatographic separation technologies. Their structures were identified with multiple spectroscopical methods including HR-ESI-MS, UV, IR, NMR and ECD and so on. Their structures were established as pinoresinoside B(1), cornusgallicacid A(2),(+)-isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-glucopyranoside(3),(-)-isolariciresinol 3α-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(4),(7R,8S)-dihydrodehydrodiconiferyl alcohol 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(5), and(-)-seco isolariciresinol-9'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(6). Among them, compounds 1 and 2 were two new compounds. The biological activity evaluation results showed that compounds 2 and 6 had strong DPPH free radical scavenging ability, with EC_(50) values of(4.18±1.96) and(21.45±1.19) μmol·L~(-1), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 had protective effects on H_2O_2-induced oxidative damage in NRK-52E cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the cell survival rate of compound 2 at 100 μmol·L~(-1) was 96.09%±1.77%.

A new norsesquiterpenoid from Arctium lappa leaves / 中国中药杂志

Chemical constituents were isolated and purified from ethyl acetate fraction of Arctium lappa leaves by silica gel, ODS, MCI, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. Their structures were identified with multiple spectroscopical methods including NMR, MS, IR, UV, and X-ray diffraction combined with literature data. Twenty compounds(1-20) were identified and their structures were determined as arctanol(1), citroside A(2), melitensin 15-O-β-D-glucoside(3), 11β,13-dihydroonopordopicrin(4), 11β,13-dihydrosalonitenolide(5), 8α-hydroxy-β-eudesmol(6), syringin(7), dihydrosyringin(8), 3,4,3',4'-tetrahydroxy-δ-truxinate(9),(+)-pinoresinol(10), phillygenin(11), syringaresinol(12), kaeperferol(13), quercetin(14), luteolin(15), hyperin(16), 4,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid(17), 1H-indole-3-carboxaldehyde(18), benzyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(19), and N-(2'-phenylethyl) isobutyramide(20). Among them, compound 1 is a new norsesquiterpenoid, and compounds 2-5, 7-8, and 18-20 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Iridoids of wine-processed Corni Fructus / 中国中药杂志

A new iridoid glycoside, cornushmf A(1) and nine known iridoids(2-10) were isolated from the water extract of the wine-processed Corni Fructus by various column chromatographies. Their chemical structures were identified by comprehensive spectroscopic methods as 7β-O-(2″-formylfuran-5″-methylene)-morroniside(1), 7-dehydrologanin(2), sweroside(3), 7β-O-methylmorroniside(4), 7α-O-methylmorroniside(5), 7β-O-ethylmorroniside(6), 7α-O-ethylmorroniside(7), cornuside(8), sarracenin(9), and loganin(10).

Analysis on Chemical Constituents and Dynamic Accumulation of Main Components in Arctium lappa Leaves / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo determine the chemical constituents of burdock （Arctium lappa） leaves， and elucidate dynamic accumulation rule of four main components， in order to provide the basis for determining the suitable harvest time of burdock leaves. MethodSilica gel， macroporous resin， Sephadex LH-20， octadecylsilane chemically bonded silica （ODS）， microporous resin （MCI） column chromatography and reversed-phase preparative high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） were used to isolate the main chemical constituents in burdock leaves. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques. HPLC-diode array detector （DAD） was used to analyze the dynamic accumulation of four components in burdock leaf. HPLC-DAD was performed on a Shim-pack GIST C18 column （4.6 mm×250 mm， 5 μm） with mobile phase of acetonitrile （A）-0.3% phosphoric acid aqueous solution （B） （0-9 min， 13%A； 9-10 min， 13%-24%A； 10-30 min， 24%A）， flow rate of 1.0 mL·min-1， column temperature of 40 ℃， and detection wavelength at 328 nm. ResultSeventeen compounds were isolated from burdock leaves， and identified as caffeic acid （1）， rutin （2）， kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside （3）， quercetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （4）， kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （5）， chlorogenic acid （6）， isochlorogenic acid A （7）， daucosterol （8）， ursolic acid （9）， anemarrhenoside B （10）， （-）-secoisolariciresinol （11）， vladinol D （12）， melitensin （13）， esculetin （14）， 1-（-2-ethylphenyl）-1，2-ethanediol （15）， 1-（-4-ethylphenyl）-1，2-ethanediol （16）， 3-hydroxy-1-（4-hydroxy-3，5-dimethoxyphenyl）-1-propanone （17）. The contents of chlorogenic acid， rutin and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside in burdock leaves showed an upward trend from April to August， and reached the highest in August. And the content of isochlorogenic acid A firstly increased and then decreased from April to August， and reached the highest in July. ConclusionCompounds 10， 12-17 were isolated from Arctium for the first time. Taking the contents of chlorogenic acid， rutin， kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside， and isochlorogenic acid A as indicators， considering the comprehensive development and utilization of burdock roots and leaves， it is recommended to harvest burdock leaves in mid-August.

Acupoint thread-embedding as adjuvant therapy for bronchial asthma in children and its effect on pulmonary function, serum IgA and IgE levels / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the efficacy of acupoint thread-embedding combined with fluticasone propionate aerosol for chronic persistent bronchial asthma of lung-spleen @*METHODS@#A total of 120 children with chronic persistent bronchial asthma were randomly divided into an observation group (60 cases, 9 cases dropped off) and a control group (60 cases, 7 cases dropped off). The control group was treated with fluticasone propionate aerosol (125 μg per inhalation), twice a day; based on the control group treatment, the observation group was treated with acupoint thread-embedding at Dingchuan (EX-B 1), Feishu (BL 13), Zusanli (ST 36) and Danzhong (CV 17), once half a month. Both groups were treated for 3 months. The pulmonary function, serum IgA, IgE levels and TCM symptom score were compared between the two groups before and after treatment, and the clinical efficacy was evaluated.@*RESULTS@#After treatment, the large airway function (peak expiratory flow [PEF], forced expiratory volume at the first second [FEV1]) and small airway function (maximal expiratory flow at 25% of the forced capacity [MEF25%], maximal expiratory flow at 50% of the forced capacity [MEF50%], maximal expiratory flow at 75% of the forced capacity [MEF75%] and midexpiratory flow 25%-75% [MEF25%-75%]) were higher than those before treatment (@*CONCLUSION@#Acupoint thread-embedding combined with fluticasone propionate aerosol could improve the pulmonary function, TCM symptoms and serum IgA and IgE levels in children with chronic persistent bronchial asthma of lung-spleen

Celastrol inhibits PAK1 kinase and inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells / 药学学报

The p21-activated kinase 1 (PAK1) is a member of the P21-activated protein kinase family that plays an important role in the proliferation and on cogenesis of pancreatic cancer. PAK1 is an important target for the treatment of pancreatic cancer. At present, akinase inhibitor targeting PAK1 is still in the preclinical research stage. Therefore, screening for new PAK1 kinase inhibitors is of great significance. In this study the natural compound celastrol was found to have a significant inhibitory effect on PAK1, with an IC50 value of 3.614 μmol·L-1. Molecular docking results showed that celastrol had good binding to PAK1. An MTT assay indicated that celastrol inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells BxPC-3 and PANC-1. Mechanistic studies revealed that the inhibition of pancreatic cancer cells by celastrol was reversed by PAK1 siRNA. Celastrol inhibited PAK1 and the subsequent activation of downstream signaling pathways, thereby activating apoptosis signaling pathways and triggering apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. These findings suggested that celastrol induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells by suppressing the PAK1 kinase signaling pathway and has potential value for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.

Clinical study on the posterior occlusal plane and morphology of temporomandibular joint / Estudio clínico sobre el plano oclusal posterior y la morfología de la articulación temporomandibular

The objective of the study was to investigate the morphological features of the temporomandibular joint in adult patients with posterior occlusal plane and different inclinations. Fifty five skeletal I occlusion patients with average were included, shooting CBCT in the intercuspal position, divided into 3 groups according to OPP-FH angle, and measurement of the temporomandibular joint morphology was calculated with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) special software Invivo 5.0, Statistical analysis of three groups of data using SPSS23.0. The condyle usually locates in the middle of the fossa, the maximum axial area of the condyle (A) was statistically significant between the group 1 and the group 3. The internal and external diameter (MD) of the condyle was statistically significant between group 1 and group 3, and group 2 and group 3. The bilateral TMJ morphological features of the three groups were basically symmetrical. The position of the condyle in the fossa is mostly centered, and some of the posterior, the maximum axial area and the internal and external diameter of the condyle are different in three groups.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las características morfológicas de la articulación temporomandibular (ATM) en pacientes adultos con plano oclusal posterior y diferentes inclinaciones. Se incluyeron 55 pacientes con oclusión esquelética tipo I, visualizados por tomografía computarizada de haz cónico (CBCT) en posición intercuspiana, y se dividieron en 3 grupos según el ángulo OPP-FH. La medición morfológica de la articulación temporomandibular se calculó con CBCT y mediante el software especial Invivo 5.0. El análisis estadístico de datos se realizó con el software SPSS 23.0. El cóndilo de la mandíbula generalmente se ubica en el centro de la fosa; el área axial máxima del cóndilo de la mandíbula (A) fue estadísticamente significativa entre los grupos 1 y 3. Los datos de los diámetros medial y lateral (DM) del cóndilo de la mandíbula fueron estadísticamente significativos entre los grupos 1 y 3 y los grupos 2 y 3. Las características morfológicas de la ATM de los tres grupos fueron básicamente simétricas. La posición del cóndilo de la mandíbula en la fosa fue principalmente centrada, y parte del área axial máxima, posterior y los diámetros medial y lateral del cóndilo de la mandíbula fueron diferentes en los tres grupos.

Studies on chemical constituents of Isodon henryi / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents of the water extraction of the aerial parts of Isodon henryi were investigated by various chromatographic methods including D-101 macroporous adsorptive resins,silica gel,sephadex LH-20,and semi-preparative HPLC. As a result,ten compounds were separated and purified. By analyses of the UV,IR,MS,NMR spectra,their structures were determined as rabdosinate( 1),lasiokaurin( 2),epinodosinol( 3),rabdosichuanin C( 4),epinodosin( 5),hebeirubescensin k( 6),rubescensin C( 7),enmenol( 8),oridonin( 9),and enmenol-1-β-glucoside( 10). Compounds 1-8 and 10 were isolated from I. henryi for the first time. Compounds 2 and 9 showed inhibitory effects against four tumor cells,with IC50 values of 2. 25-9. 32 μmol·L-1.

Formulation optimization of rutaecarpine lipid liquid crystalline nanoparticles by Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology / 中草药

Objective To optimize the formulation of rutaecarpine lipid liquid crystalline nanoparticles (Rut-LLCN) by Box-Behnken design-response surface methodology. Methods Rut-LLCN were prepared by precursor injection-high pressure homogenization method. A three factor and three-level Box-Behnken design was employed with the glyceryl monoolein quality, percentage of poloxamer in glyceryl monoolein and the rutaecarpine quality as independent variables, the entrapment efficiency, drug loading, mean particle size and polydispersity index as the dependent variables to sereen the optimal formaula. Results Optimized prescription was GMO 450 mg, F127-GMO 12%, and Rut 20 mg. All items of optimized prescription were similar to target values. According to the optimized prescription, the entrapment efficiency, drug loading, average particle size, and PDI of Rut-LLCN were (84.02 ± 7.99)%, (3.24 ± 0.30)%, (186.90 ± 13.50) nm, and 0.313 ± 0.020, respectively. Conclusion The prescription optimization model of Rut-LLCN was optimized by Box-Behnken designs-response surface methodology, and entrapment efficiency, drug loading, mean particle size, and PDI of Rut-LLCN are measured to investigate the model.

Research progress on and behaviors of poorly soluble Chinese materia medica nanosuspension / 中国中药杂志

Nanosuspension (also called nanocrystal suspension or nanocrystal) could significantly enhance the saturated solubility and dissolution of insoluble drugs, and improve their bioavailability by reducing particle size and increasing the specific surface, which could then solve the delivery problems of the poorly soluble active ingredients and effective parts of Chinese materia medica (CMM). Based on the brief summaries of nanosuspension preparation methods, this paper would mainly review the and behaviors of poorly soluble CMM nanosuspension, discuss and analyze its problems, so as to provide reference and thinking for the further study of nanosuspension drug delivery system of poorly soluble CMM and promote the development and perfection of nanosuspension technology in CMM.

Value of arterial blood lactic acid in the evaluation of disease severity and prognosis in neonatal shock / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the value of blood lactic acid (BLA) as a predictor for the severity and prognosis of neonatal shock.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 326 neonates with shock were enrolled and divided into three groups based on the severity, namely mild group (n=147), moderate group (n=105), and severe group (n=74). BLA level was measured during and early after (about 6 hours later) fluid resuscitation, and lactate clearance rate (LCR) was calculated. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was applied to evaluate the predictive value of BLA in neonatal shock.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>BLA level was high in all subjects prior to treatment, and was highest in the severe group and lowest in the mild group (P<0.01). BLA level was significantly higher among patients with septic shock than among those with hypovolemic, cardiogenic, and asphyxiating shock (P<0.05). BLA level was significantly reduced in patients in recovery after treatment (P<0.05). Mortality was significantly lower in patients with BLA level ≤4 mmol/L or LCR ≥10% than in those with BLA level >4 mmol/L or LCR <10% (P<0.01). BLA at 11.15 mmol/L had 100% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity in predicting severe shock. BLA at 10.65 mmol/L had 88.9% sensitivity and 74.1% specificity in predicting the prognosis (survival or dead) of newborns with shock.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In neonates with shock, arterial BLA level increases as the disease severity increases and is associated with prognosis, so it is a useful predictor of the severity and prognosis of neonatal shock.</p>

Effect of the general practitioners training in northern Anhui province / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Objective To understand the effect of the general practitioners training in northern An-hui province, so as to provide a scientific basis for improving training strategies and measures. Methods In accordance with the requirements of Implementation of General Practitioners Training Program in Anhui Province, the training courses was designed, which includes the differences between general medicine and special medicine, general medicine service psychology, ethics related skills, general teaching skills, general clinical skills, and general practice policies, with a total of 32 credit hours. Participants were examined through the self-designed electronic questionnaire before and after the training. A total of 118 participants were involved in the training, and 109 of them were examined before the training, with a recovery rate of 92.4％. After the training, they were examined again, and the recovery rate was 100％. All data were analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Scores of the general medicine knowledge and skills after the training were higher than that before the training, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). As for the course evaluation, the average score was over 4 in organiza-tion and management, training facilities, teacher knowledge, training materials, training methods and skills, while the average score was no more than 4 in training content and helping teaching. Conclusion The training achieves good results, and in the future, we should strengthen the training of teaching ability, thus further improving the effect of general practitioners training. Also, we should design the training content reasonably and pay attention to improve the quality and effectiveness of individual courses accordingly. What's more, we can use diversified teaching methods to further improve the teaching ability of general practitioners.

Change of Thrombelastography in Children's DIC and Analysis of Its Sensitivity and Specificity for Diagnosis of DIC / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the influence of thrombelastography index changes on its sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in children.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 149 children with DIC in our hospital from June 2013 to June 2016 were selected in DIC group, while 106 cases of non-DIC, including healthy children and children with diseases easily confused with DIC, were selected as non-DIC(control) group. The thrombelastography, D-dimer, coagulation functions including prothrombintime (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen (FIB) and fibin degradation product (FDP), congental coagulation disorders and platelet count were detected in DIC and non-DIC groups; the statistics of data was performed and the sensitivity and specificity of thromelastraphy indexes such as R time, α angle MA value and A value were evaluated; the relationship of DIC with indexes was analyzed. Moreover, the result difference of thromelastography and routine coagulation function test was compared at diagnosis of DIC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to statistical analysis of clinical data in 2 groups, the average R time in non-DIC group was significantly less than that in DIC group (P<0.05); the average α angle in non-DIC group was larger than that in DIC group (P<0.05), both the MA and A values in the non-DIC group were significantly higher than those in DIC group (P<0.05). The specificity of routine coagulation function test for diagnosis of DIC was as follow: PT-27.2%, APTT-42.2%, international normalized ratio(INR)-47.9%, FIB-44.4%, FDP-42.7% and D-dimer-68.3%, which were significantly lower than that of R time,α angle and MA value for diagnosis of DIC (85.1%, 74.1% and 73%). The α angle and MA value of healthy children were greater than those of children with severe liver disease(P<0.05). while the average R time of healthy children was less than that of children with severe liver disease(P<0.05), but the difference of A value between them did not statistically significant (P>0.05) . The average R time of healthy children was less than that of children with congenital coagulation disorders (P<0.05). but there was no significant differences in α angle MA and Avalues between them.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>As compared with routine coagulation function test, the thrombelastography shows more high specificity for diagnosis of DIC, and can more precisely diagnose the DIC; moreover, the thrombelastography combined with roatime coagulation function test can more early find and diagnose the DIC in children, therefore it can improve the survival rate of children with DIC.</p>

Studies on chemical constituents of Isodon excisoides / 中国中药杂志

The chemical constituents of the water extraction of the aerial parts of Isodon excisoides were investigated by various chromatographic methods including D-101 macroporous adsorptive resins, silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, MCI and semi-preparative HPLC. As a result, six compounds were separated and purified.By analyses of the HR-ESI-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra, their structures were determined as 3-O-β-D-allopyranosyl-1-octen-3-ol(1), blumenolA (2), lumichrome (3), loliolide(4), cirsiliol(5) and pedalitin(6). Compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2-4 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

Effects of DNMT3A gene mutations on prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia: a meta-analysis / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of DNMT3A gene mutation on prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) by a meta-analysis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Methods of Cochrane systematic review was followed by 7 databases,including PubMed, Embase, Ovid, CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data and VIP, were searched for peer-reviewed articles related to DNMT3A gene mutations and prognosis of patients with AML.Then manual retrieval was applied into literature references. After the evaluation of quality and extract of clinical trialliterature data, Stata 11.0 was employed to perform meta-analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seven randomized controlled trials involving 1493 cases were included in the meta-analysis. The prognosis of patients with DNMT3A mutations and without DNMT3A mutations was compared. There was no statistically significant difference in complete remission(CR) rate (OR=1.034, 95%CI: 0.596~1.796, P=0.905 between two groups, but the overall survival (OS（HR=1.990, 95%CI: 1.463~2.510, P=0.000 and disease free survival (DFS) (HR= 2.840, 95%CI: 1.063~4.613, P=0.002) of patients without DNMT3A mutations were longer than those with DNMT3A mutation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DNMT3A gene mutation is an independent risk factor of poor prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukemia.</p>

Association between the distribution of feeding index and physical development of infants and young children aged 6-35 months in rural areas of Lhasa in 2010 / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Using infant and child feeding index (ICFI) to evaluate the relationship between infant feeding and physical development indicators in rural areas of Lhasa.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In July and August 2010 in the rural areas of Lhasa, the multi-stage cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 540 Tibetan children who were between 6 to 35 months of age. There were 70, 79 and 391 cases in 6 to 8, 9 to 11 and 12 to 35-month-old group respectively. The basic status of infants, information about breastfeeding and complementary feeding were collected by using designed questionnaires. Their height and weight were measured to calculate the children's weight for age Z-score (WAZ), height for age Z-score (HAZ) and weight for height Z-score (WHZ) and assess feeding index score (out of 17 scores) and analyze the relationship between feeding index and HAZ, WAZ and WHZ.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean ICFI score of 540 cases was 8.90 ± 2.82.It was 6.84 ± 3.16, 8.16 ± 2.78 and 9.41 ± 2.55 for 6 to 8, 9 to 11 and 12 to 35-month-old infants respectively. There was significant difference between the different month group (F = 30.99, P < 0.05).For the three month groups, the scores of WAZ were 0.10 ± 1.18, -0.09 ± 1.20 and -0.38 ± 0.96; HAZ were -0.60 ± 1.68, -1.02 ± 1.72 and -1.30 ± 1.30; WHZ were 0.62 ± 1.23, 0.69 ± 0.96 and 0.43 ± 0.95 respectively. The ICFI scores of 9 to 11, 12 to 35 and 6 to 35-month-old infants were positively correlated with HAZ (correlation coefficients were 0.25,0.12 and 0.09 respectively, all P values <0.05). There was no correlation with WAZ (correlation coefficients were 0.15,0.08 and 0.03 respectively, all P values >0.05) and WHZ (correlation coefficients were -0.08, -0.02, and -0.07 respectively, all P values >0.05). There were no correlation between ICFI score with HAZ, WAZ and WHZ for 6 to 8 month-old infants (correlation coefficient were 0.06,0.16 and -0.07 respectively, all P values >0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>To some extent, the feeding index can effectively reflect the growth status of these infants and can serve as a comprehensive assessment of feeding situations among Tibetan children in rural areas of Lhasa.</p>

Changes of apelin and its receptor in lung tissue of rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the change of apelin and its receptor (APJ) in the lung tissue of rats with pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline and to explore its significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-five male SD rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 10) and monocrotaline group (n = 15). On the twenty-first day after the rats were intraperitoneally injected 60 mg/kg monocrotaline for monocrotaline group or equal volume vehicle for control group, the mean pulmonary artery pressure was measured by right heart catheterization. Histopathological study of lung tissue was done with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and Masson's trichrome staining. The concentration of apelin in the plasma was measured by radioimmunoassay. The expressions of apelin/APJ proteins and genes in lung tissue were measured respectively by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean pulmonary arterial pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy, pulmonary vascular remodeling index, content of apelin protein in lung tissue of monocrotaline group were higher than those in control group. APJ protein and gene expression in monocrotaline group were significantly lower than those in control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), but apelin gene expression in the lung tissue between the two groups had no significant difference.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Endogenous apelin/APJ dysfunction may play an important role in the development of pulmonary hypertension induced by monocrotaline.</p>

Association of surfactant protein B gene polymorphisms (C/A-18, C/T1580, intron 4 and A/G9306) and haplotypes with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in chinese han population / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study aimed to investigate the association between surfactant protein B (SP-B) polymorphisms and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in Chinese Han infants. We performed a casecontrol study including 86 infants with BPD and 156 matched controls. Genotyping was performed by sequence specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and haplotypes were reconstructed by the fastPHASE software. The results showed that significant differences were detected in the genotype distribution of C/A-18 and intron 4 polymorphisms of SP-B gene between cases and controls. No significant differences were detected in the genotype distribution of C/T1580 or A/G9306 between the two groups. Haplotype analysis revealed that the frequency of A-del-C-A haplotype was higher in case group (0.12 to 0.05, P=0.003), whereas the frequency of C-inv-C-A haplotype was higher in control group (0.19 to 0.05, P=0.000). In addition, a significant difference was observed in the frequency of C-inv-T-A haplotype between the two groups. It was concluded that the polymorphisms of SP-B intron 4 and C/A-18 could be associated with BPD in Chinese Han infants, and the del allele of intron 4 and A allele of C/A-18 might be used as markers of susceptibility in the disease. Haplotype analysis indicated that the gene-gene interactions would play an important part in determining susceptibility to BPD.

Association of surfactant protein B gene polymorphisms (C/A-18, C/T1580, intron 4 and A/G9306) and haplotypes with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in chinese han population / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

This study aimed to investigate the association between surfactant protein B (SP-B) polymorphisms and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in Chinese Han infants. We performed a casecontrol study including 86 infants with BPD and 156 matched controls. Genotyping was performed by sequence specific primer-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and haplotypes were reconstructed by the fastPHASE software. The results showed that significant differences were detected in the genotype distribution of C/A-18 and intron 4 polymorphisms of SP-B gene between cases and controls. No significant differences were detected in the genotype distribution of C/T1580 or A/G9306 between the two groups. Haplotype analysis revealed that the frequency of A-del-C-A haplotype was higher in case group (0.12 to 0.05, P=0.003), whereas the frequency of C-inv-C-A haplotype was higher in control group (0.19 to 0.05, P=0.000). In addition, a significant difference was observed in the frequency of C-inv-T-A haplotype between the two groups. It was concluded that the polymorphisms of SP-B intron 4 and C/A-18 could be associated with BPD in Chinese Han infants, and the del allele of intron 4 and A allele of C/A-18 might be used as markers of susceptibility in the disease. Haplotype analysis indicated that the gene-gene interactions would play an important part in determining susceptibility to BPD.

Ethnic differences on nutritional status of children under 3 years old in poor counties of the western China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the ethnic differences on nutritional status of children under three years old,in the western areas of China and to indentify the affecting factors.Methods 14 072children under the age of three years and their mothers were recruited,using the proportion population sampling method in 45 counties in the western areas of China.Height and weight were used as the measurement on nutrition of children.Results Height and weight of children with Han,Uyghur,Tibetan and Zhuang ethnicities were all lower than the WHO standards and with differences on height and weight among them.There were also ethnic differences on the status of malnutrition.Prevalence rates of stunting were 14.7％,20.3％,26.9％ and 26.5％ for Han,Uyghur,Tibetan and Zhuang ethnicities,respectively.Prevalence rates of underweight were 6.1％,10.7％,6.8％ and 15.5％ among the Han,Uyghur,Tibetan and Zhuang ethnicities,respectively.The prevalence rates of wasting were 4.2％,5.3％,2.9％,8.9％,and of under nutrition were 19.2％,25.5％,30.3％ and 36.5％ for the Han,the Uyghur,the Tibetan and the Zhuang ethnicities,respectively.When factors as family size,years of schooling of parents,family numbers,sex,age (months),mother' s height and weight,ways of feeding and sources of family income etc.were adjusted,children with Uyghur,Tibetan,Zhuang and other ethnicities were still presented more malnutrition than the children with Han ethnicity.Conclusion There were differences on malnutrition status of children under the age of three years among the studies on different ethnicities.Undemutrition was less than nutritional status,seen in children of the Han nationality than other minority ethnicites.Ethnicity seemed to be related to differences in the nutritional status of children in western China while children of the Han nationality would be better than other minorities on nutritional status if they were in same living conditionals.