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ObjectiveTo investigate the features of liver injury and related influencing factors in adolescents and adults with infectious mononucleosis (IM). MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed to investigate the features of liver injury in adolescents and adults with IM who were hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital from January 2005 to December 31 2018, and the patients were divided into subgroups based on age, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA level, and presence or absence of jaundice or infection with cytomegalovirus or hepatitis E virus (HEV). The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data meeting analytical conditions between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data which did not meet analytical conditions between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups, and the Fisher’s exact test was used for comparison of categorical data which did not meet the analytical conditions of the chi-square test. A logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. ResultsA total of 274 patients were enrolled, with 154 male patients (56.2%) and 120 female patients (43.8%), and the mean age of onset was 22.3±67 years. The incidence rate of liver injury ［defined as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ＞50 U/L and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST)＞40 U/L］ was 97.4% (267/274), and that of jaundice was 27.6% (74/268). The patients, aged ≥20 years, tended to have a higher level of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) (Z=2.070, P=0.038). Serum EBV DNA was measured for 167 patients, among whom 90 had positive results and 77 had negative results. The positive serum EBV DNA group had significantly higher levels of GGT (Z=3.005, P=0.003) and lactate dehydrogenase (Z=2.162, P=0.031) than the negative serum EBV DNA group. The patients with cytomegalovirus infection tended to have a higher level of alkaline phosphatase (Z=2.351, P=0.019), and the patients with HEV infection presented with a higher level of GGT (Z=1.988, P=0.047). AST (odds ratio ［OR］=1.006, 95% confidence interval ［CI］: 1.002-1.010, P=0.005) and ALP (OR=1.012, 95%CI: 1.005-1.020, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for jaundice. ConclusionThere is a high incidence rate of liver injury in adolescents and adults with IM, and the patients with an older age or positive serum EBV DNA tend to have more severe liver injury.
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Objective Although multiple lines of evidence suggested that serum lipid is related to Parkinson's disease ( PD) , it has been controversial. The aim of this study is to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to analyse the relationship between serum lipid levels and PD risk. Methods Pertinent studies were identified by a search in Pubmed, Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang data-base, the Wiper database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) up to July, 2018. All sta-tistical analyses were conducted using STATA version 12. 0. Results Eleven related articles met our selec-tion criteria and a total of 1424 PD patients and 7250 healthy controls were included in further analysis. Through meta-analysis, low triglyceride ( TG) level appeared to increase risk of developing PD [ standard-ised mean difference (SMD) = -0. 31, 95％ CI ( -0. 40, -0. 21), P=0. 318, I2 =14. 7％], while no significant association was identified between total cholesterol ( TC) [ SMD= -0. 09, 95％ CI ( -0. 40, 0. 22), P=0. 000, I2 =94. 0％], low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) [SMD= -0. 10, 95％ CI ( -0. 40, 0. 19), P=0. 000, I2 =92. 3％] and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) [SMD=-0. 09, 95％ CI ( -0. 22, 0. 05), P=0. 103, I2 =45. 5％] with PD. The similar conclusion was ob-tained by subgroup analysis in both Asian and non-Asian. Conclusions Our results indicate that TG were associated with the risk of PD, while TC, LDL-C and HDL-C maybe not associated with the risk of PD. However, this conclusion needs further confirmation.
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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder mainly due to degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Most PD cases are sporadic and only 5%-10% of patients carry mutations with inheritance. Among them, the mutation of DJ-1 is related to the autosomal recessive early-onset parkinsonism. DJ-1, the Parkinson's disease-related protein, plays important roles in different physiopathological processes, including oxidative stress, cell translocation and regulation of transcription and translation. DJ-1 is known to be widely expressed in different areas of brain, including hippocampus, amygdala, substantia nigra and cortical areas. Several researchers have tried to demonstrate the clinical and neuroimaging features of DJ-1 related parkinsonism. The DJ-1 knockout mouse model was established to further explore the mechanisms of different functions. Moreover, the search for different forms of DJ-1 as potential biomarkers of PD also provides guidance for its accurate diagnosis and treatment in the future.
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Animals , Mice , Dopaminergic Neurons , Oncogene Proteins , Oxidative Stress , Parkinson Disease , Protein Deglycase DJ-1 , Substantia NigraABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the effects of EI injection on learning and memory ability and brain energy of two-way Meynert basal injection of Ibotenic acid (IBO) dementia model rats. Methods: A rat model of dementia wasestablished by bilateral meynert basal injection of IBO. After 8 weeks of EI injection, Morris water maze was used todetect the learning and memory ability of rats. Congo red staining was used to observe the deposition of Aβ plaque inhippocampal CA1 and cortical areas of rats. The changes of ATP, ADP and AMP in brain tissue of each group weredetermined by HPLC. The content of insulin in rat brain tissue was detected by ELISA kit. The expression of key proteinin PI3K/AKT signaling pathway was detected by Western blot. Results: Compared with the sham operation group, theescape latency of the model group was significantly prolonged, the number of entering the platform, the time andpercentage of crossing the platform quadrant decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05); Aβ plaque deposition was observed inthe hippocampus and cortex; ATP/AMP ratio and insulin content were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05); brain tissue PI3 K and AKT protein were low expression (P＞ 0.05) . After intervention with EI injection, the escape latency of themodel rats was significantly shortened, the number of entering the platform and the time of crossing the platform quadrantincreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05); the hippocampus and cortex red staining was alleviated; the brain tissue ATP/AMPratio and insulin content increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05) . Conclusion: EI injection can improve the learning andmemory function of IBO-induced dementia model rats, which is related to the improvement of brain energy.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of Shenqi Yizhi Granules on PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in Aβ1-42 bilateral hippocampal injection of AD model rats. Methods: A rat model of AD was established by bilateral hippocampus injection of Aβ1-42. Shenqi Yizhi granules were used for 60 days. Morris water maze was used to detect the learning and memory function of each rat. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of rat hippocampal CA3 area. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of PI3K and AKT protein in hippocampus. The relative expression levels of PI3K mRNA and AKT mRNA were detected by RT-PCR. Results: Compared with the blank group, the escape latency of the model group was significantly prolonged, and the number of entering the platform, the time and percentage of crossing the platform quadrant decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05). At the same time, the vertebral cells in the hippocampal CA3 area were disordered and the neurons showed obvious lesions. PI3K/AKT showed significant inhibition at both protein and gene levels (P ＜ 0.05). After intervention with Shenqi Yizhi Granule, the escape latency of the model rats was significantly shortened, and the number of entering the platform and the time of crossing the platform quadrant were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Shenqi Yizhi Granules can improve the cognitive function of Aβ1-42 bilateral hippocampus injection in AD rats, and its mechanism may be related to activation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in brain.
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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease. Its pathogenesis involves many factors such as environment, heredity, aging, diet, personal preference and underlying diseases. And the complex pathogenic factors of AD lead to many social and economic problems such as delayed diagnosis, difficulty of drug research and development, low cure rate and high cost of care. In this paper, the relationship between AD disease progression and its risky diseases such as metabolic diseases, chronic inflammatory diseases and cardiovascular diseases was analyzed based on energy metabolism abnormalities. The role of energy metabolism signal/path abnormality activity in the course of risk disease to AD disease was analyzed. Finally, it is suggested that the prevention and treatment of risk disease evolution and adjustment of abnormal energy metabolism signals may be effective strategies for the treatment of AD.
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Objective: To explore the effects of Shenqi Yizhi Granule on the cognitive function and the expression of MMP-2 and VEGF in serum of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Methods: Taking APP/PS1 double transgenic mice as the research carrier, Shenqi Yizi granule was used to interven for 180 days. The learning and remembering ability was tested by Morris water maze, passive avoidance test, and open field. The pathomorphism of the hippocampus CA1 region of mice was tested by HE staining and electron microscopy. The concentration of MMP-2 and VEGF in serum was tested by ELISA. Results: Compared with the blank group, the escape latency of the model group was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05), and the frequency of the entering medium ring was obviously decreased (P ＜ 0.05). The number of nerve cells in the hippocampal CA1 area was reduced, and the arrangement was disordered. The nuclear pyknosis was deeply stained, and the ultrastructure of nerve cells was abnormal. The concentration of MMP-2 and VEGF in serum was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the model group, the escape latency of treatment group was decreased (P ＜ 0.05) and the frequency of the entering middle ring was increased (P ＜ 0.05). The concentration of MMP-2 and VEGF in serum was decreased (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion: Shenqi Yizhi Granule could improve the ability of learning and memory of APP/ PS1 double transgenic mice, and decrease the concentration of MMP-2 and VEGF in serum.
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Objective To explore the mediating effect of cognitive emotion regulation strategies between emotional intelligence and loneliness. Methods 542 university students were surveyed by the Chinese version of Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire ( CERQ) ,the Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire and UCLA Loneli?ness Scale,and the correlation analysis was conducted by using SPSS17.0. The path model was set up and its path analysis was conducted by using AMOS17. 0. Results Positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies ( 28. 64 ± 5.90) were positively correlated with emotional intelligence(2.38±0.27, r=0.346, P<0.05) and negatively correla?ted with loneliness(42.29±7.88, r=0.301, P<0.05);Path analysis showed that the estimates of indirect and direct effects support the hypothesis respectively(P<0.05). Conclusion Positive cognitive emotion regulation strategies serve as partial mediators between emotional intelligence and loneliness.
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To explore the feasibility of the application of LD 1 laser dust monitor to determination of inhalable particulates(IP) in indoor air of public places, and provide basis for establishment of national standard method of detection of IP in indoor air of public places LD 1 laser dust monitor and weighing filter paper method were applied in monitoring the concentration of IP in indoor air of 4 kinds of public places in Changzhou in four seasons simultaneously Significant correlation was observed between mass concentration and relative concentration ( r =0 7526, P