Binding and carrying role of human serum albumin from various sources to sphingosine-1-phosphate / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To investigate the binding and carrying effects of human serum albumin (HSA) from various sources on sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). 【Methods】 Utilizing human plasma-derived HSA (pHSA) and recombinant HSA (rHSA) samples as the focal points of our investigation, LC-MS/MS technology was employed to meticulously compare and analyze the disparities in S1P content among the aforementioned samples. Subsequently, under physiological concentration conditions, S1P was directly introduced to HSA samples for loading processing, facilitating a comprehensive comparison of the binding efficacy of HSA from different sources to S1P. Within a serum-free culture setting, HSA samples from various sources were co-cultured with HUVEC cells. The alterations in S1P content within the cell culture supernatant across different treatment groups were meticulously analyzed, allowing for a nuanced comparison of the S1P carry effects exerted by HSA from different sources on cells.The interaction between HSA and S1P molecules from different sources was analyzed and their affinity was calculated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technology. Furthermore, leveraging AutoDock Vina software and the Molprophet platform, the molecular docking analysis of HSA and S1P was conducted, aiming to predict the key binding pocket domain of S1P within HSA. 【Results】 All pHSA samples exhibited detectable levels of S1P (ranging from 3.31±0.03 to 30.35±0.07 μg/L), with significant variations observed among pHSA samples from different manufacturers (P<0.001). Conversely, S1P was undetectable in all rHSA samples. Upon load treatment, the binding affinity of HSA from diverse sources to S1P demonstrated significant discrepancies (P<0.001), with rHSA exhibiting approximately double the average S1P loading compared to pHSA (ΔCrHSA=801.75±142.45 μg/L vs ΔCpHSA=461.94±85.73 μg/L; P<0.001, t=5.006). Co-culture treatment outcomes revealed a significant elevation in S1P concentration within the supernatant after 6 hours of co-culture across all HSA sample processing groups with HUVEC cells, while no changes were observed in the supernatant of the blank control group. Notably, significant differences in supernatant S1P concentration were observed among treatment groups at 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h (P<0.001). SPR analysis unveiled a stronger affinity of pHSA for S1P compared to rHSA (KDpHSA-S1P: 2.38E-06, KDrHSA-S1P: 3.72E-06). Molecular docking analysis and binding pocket prediction suggested that the key binding pocket of HSA and S1P may reside in the IB subdomain of the HSA molecule. 【Conclusion】 HSA from various sources exhibits distinct binding and carrying effects on S1P, which appear to be closely associated with the IB subdomain of the HSA molecule.

Benzyl isothiocyanate induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cervical cancer through activation of p53 and AMPK-FOXO1a signaling pathways / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effect of benzyl iso-thiocyanate (BITC) on the proliferation of mouse U14 cervical cancer cells and to explore the mechanism of cytotoxicity based on transcriptomic data analysis. Methods The effect of BITC on U14 cell activity was detected by MTT, nuclear morphological changes were observed by Hochest 33258 and fluorescent inverted microscope, cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry, and the transcriptome database of U14 cells before and after BITC (20 μmol · L

Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract alleviates halitosis and reduces the inflammatory response to oral bacteria

Abstract Objective To assess the efficacy of Phyllanthus emblica extract in alleviating halitosis and reducing the inflammatory response to halitosis-related bacteria. Methodology This investigation, using Phyllanthus emblica fruit extract (PE), involved four aspects. First, we evaluated the effect on growth and aggregation of halitosis-related bacteria, including Fusobacterium nucleatum, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Solobacterium moorei, using a microdilution assay and scanning electron microscopy. Second, volatile sulfur compound (VSC) levels were measured on individuals with halitosis in randomized short-term (26 participants) and double-blind randomized long-term trials (18 participants in each group) after rinsing with PE for 3, 6, and 12 h, and 28 days. Third, we analyzed pro-inflammatory cytokine expression in TR146 cells using quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Lastly, we assessed pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 mRNA expression via the same experimental methods in a three-dimensional oral mucosal epithelial model (3D OMEM). Results PE extract dose-dependently inhibited the growth of F. nucleatum (50% inhibition concentration [IC50]=0.079%), P. gingivalis (IC50=0.65%), and S. moorei (IC50=0.07%) and effectively prevented bacterial aggregation. Furthermore, VSC contents decreased significantly at 3, 6, and 12 h after rinsing with 5% PE compared with those in the control. Long-term use of mouthwash containing 5% PE for 28 days led to a significant decrease in VSC contents. PE attenuated the F. nucleatum- or P. gingivalis-stimulated mRNA expression and protein release of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in TR146 cells. It also suppressed IL-8 and prostaglandin E2 secretion and TLR2 mRNA expression in F. nucleatum-induced OMEMs. Conclusion Our findings support the use of PE in oral care products to alleviate halitosis and it may reduce inflammation.

A novel and low-toxic peptide DR3penA alleviates pulmonary fibrosis by regulating the MAPK/miR-23b-5p/AQP5 signaling axis

Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a pathological change caused by repeated injuries and repair dysfunction of the alveolar epithelium. Our previous study revealed that the residues Asn3 and Asn4 of peptide DR8 (DHNNPQIR-NH2) could be modified to improve stability and antifibrotic activity, and the unnatural hydrophobic amino acids α-(4-pentenyl)-Ala and d-Ala were considered in this study. DR3penA (DHα-(4-pentenyl)-ANPQIR-NH2) was verified to have a longer half-life in serum and to significantly inhibit oxidative damage, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and fibrogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, DR3penA has a dosage advantage over pirfenidone through the conversion of drug bioavailability under different routes of administration. A mechanistic study revealed that DR3penA increased the expression of aquaporin 5 (AQP5) by inhibiting the upregulation of miR-23b-5p and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, indicating that DR3penA may alleviate PF by regulating MAPK/miR-23b-5p/AQP5. Safety evaluation showed that DR3penA is a peptide drug without obvious toxicity or acute side effects and has significantly improved safety compared to DR8. Thus, our findings suggest that DR3penA, as a novel and low-toxic peptide, has the potential to be a leading compound for PF therapy, which provides a foundation for the development of peptide drugs for fibrosis-related diseases.

Neutrophil extracellular trap increase the risk of sepsis: a two-sample, one-way Mendelian randomization study / 中华危重病急救医学

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the causal relationship between neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) and sepsis based on Mendelian randomization analysis.@*METHODS@#The genome wide association study (GWAS) dataset for the NET biomarker myeloperoxidase (MPO)-DNA complex based on Donkel et al. 's Rotterdam study (RS) and GWAS dataset for identifying sepsis from the UK biobank were selected to screen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPS) associated with MPO-DNA complex as instrumental variable (IV) for genetic variation, using MPO-DNA complex as exposure factor. Potential causal associations between MPO-DNA complex and the risk of occurrence of sepsis, 28-day death from sepsis, need for intensive care due to sepsis, and 28-day death from sepsis requiring intensive care were analyzed using a two-sample, one-way Mendelian randomization analysis primary analysis method of inverse analysis of variance (IVW). Potential pleiotropy was assessed using the MR Egger regression intercept test. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the "leave one out" test.@*RESULTS@#The GWAS data were obtained from a European population of both sexes, and the screening criteria was based on the three main assumptions of Mendelian randomization, resulting in 22 SNP entering the Mendelian randomization analysis. The results of the Mendelian randomization causal association effect analysis using the IVW method showed that for every standard deviation increase in the level of the MPO-DNA complex, the risk of sepsis increased by approximately 18% [odds ratio (OR) = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.07-1.29, P < 0.001], the risk of 28-day death from sepsis increased by approximately 51% (OR = 1.51, 95%CI was 1.27-1.81, P < 0.001), an increase of approximately 38% in the risk of occurrence of needing intensive care due to sepsis (OR = 1.38, 95%CI was 1.12-1.70, P = 0.002), and an increase of approximately 125% in the risk of 28-day death from sepsis requiring intensive care (OR = 2.25, 95%CI was 1.21-4.18, P = 0.01). MR Egger regression intercept test suggested that there was no horizontal pleiotropy in the included SNP, and the MR-PRESSO test did not find outliers. Sensitivity analysis suggested that the results of Mendelian randomization were robust.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Rising NET can increase the risk of sepsis onset, progression and death as derived from Mendelian randomization analysis.

Study of the relationship between frailty and osteoporosis in elderly hospitalized patients / 中国现代医生

Objective To explore the relationship between frailty and osteoporosis in elderly hospitalized patients.Methods A total of 163 elderly patients hospitalized in Wuhan Fourth Hospital from August 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the study objects.The Edmonton frail scale(EFS)was used to evaluated frailty,and they were divided into non-frailty group(n=21)and frailty group(n=142)based on the results.General data of the subjects were collected,bone mineral density was measured,Pearson correlation analysis was used to understand the correlation between bone mineral density and EFS score,and Logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influencing factors of frailty.Results The prevalence of osteoporosis in frailty group was significantly higher than that in non-frailty group(P<0.05).The EFS scores of patients with different bone mineral density were significantly different(F=24.010,P<0.001).Bone mineral density of vertebra,right femur and left femur were negatively correlated with EFS score(r=-0.426,-0.353,-0.424,P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that old age,multiple complications and osteoporosis were independent risk factors for frailty in the elderly(P<0.05).Conclusion There is a significant correlation between frailty and osteoporosis,which is one of the risk factors of frailty.

Association of the occurrence of reticular macular diseases with chronic kidney disease based on estimated glomerular filtration rate / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective:To analyze the relationship between reticular macular disease (RMD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR).Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Thirty-six consecutive patients (71 eyes) with subretinal drusenoid deposits in at least one eye in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were enrolled as the RMD group, and 29 consecutive patients (50 eyes) with age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in at least one eye were identified as the non-RMD group at the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from February to September 2019.In the same period, 32 healthy volunteers (64 eyes) without eye disease were included as the healthy control group.Serum was collected to calculate the estimated creatinine clearance (eCcr) and the eGFR.The choroidal thickness of macular fovea and the flow density of choroidal capillary layer were measured by OCT.The related factors of RMD and the correlation between CKD and RMD were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis.The relationship between eGFR and choroidal capillary blood flow density and foveal choroidal thickness in RMD patients was analyzed by Pearson linear correlation analysis.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (No.2022-50)Results:The eGFR value of the RMD group was (66.40±27.58)ml/(min·1.73 m 2), which was significantly lower than (84.40±20.91)ml/(min·1.73 m 2) of the non-RMD group and (87.64±22.32)ml/(min·1.73 m 2) of the healthy control group (both at P<0.01). eGFR was significantly correlated with the occurrence of RMD ([odds ratio, OR]=0.973, 95%[confidence interval, CI]: 0.954-0.992, P=0.005). Subgroup analysis showed that this correlation was significant in the CKD stage (eGFR<60 ml/[min·1.73 m 2]) ( OR=6.482, 95% CI: 1.543-27.236, P=0.011). The choroidal thickness of the macular fovea in the RMD group was significantly lower than that of the non-RMD grup and healthy control group (both at P<0.01). In the RMD group, no significant correlation was found between the choroidal thickness of the macular fovea and eGFR ( r=0.138, P>0.05), and the flow density of choroidal capillary layer was moderately positively correlated with eGFR ( r=0.457, P<0.05). Conclusions:There is a correlation between the occurrence of CKD and RMD, which may be due to the confounding effect of the systemic microcirculation disorder.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Multiple Myeloma Patients with Myelofibrosis / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of multiple myeloma patients with myelofibrosis.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 263 patients with multiple myeloma (including 92 patients with myelofibrosis) treated in the department of hematology of our hospital from January 1, 2016 to June 31, 2020 were collected and retrospectively analyzed, the patients were divided into combined group and uncombined group. The MM stage, MM type, genetic characteristics and therapeutic effect of the patients in combined group and uncombined group were observed, and the relationship between the curative effect and the degree of myelofibrosis change of the patients in combined group was analyzed.@*RESULTS@#There was no statistically difference in the MM staging and classification between multiple myeloma patients with or without myelofibrosis (P>0.05). The positive rate of FISH results of the patients in combined group was significantly higher than those in uncombined group, and was significantly correlated to 1q21 amplification, D13S319 deletion, and IgH breakage (P<0.05). After treatment, the effective rate of the patients in uncombined group was significantly higher than those in combined group, and the degree of fibrosis in the effective patients in combined group was significantly reduced.@*CONCLUSION@#The survival rate of the patients with multiple myeloma complicated with myelofibrosis is shorter than that of the patients without myelofibrosis, and the overall prognosis is poor.

Evaluation of the Efficacy and Safety of Chemotherapy in Elderly Patients with Multiple Myeloma under Different Frailty Scores / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the efficacy and safety of different chemotherapy regimens in elderly multiple myeloma (MM) patients with different Frailty scores.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of elderly patients with MM were retrospectively analyzed, including age, treatment regimen, efficacy, adverse reactions, and the Frailty score included in the activity of daily living score, the instrumental activity of daily living scale and the Charlson comorbidity index. The patients were divided into fit group, mediate fit group and frail group according to the scoring standard. The treatment efficiency and adverse reaction rates of elderly MM with different physical conditions treated by different chemotherapy regimens were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#Among the 70 patients, the effective rates of the patients in fit group, the mediate fit group, and the frail group were 79.5%, 81%, and 40%, and the effective rates of the fit patients in double and triple groups were 54.5% and 89.3%, 70% and 90.9% for mediate fit patients, 42.9% and 33.3% for frail patients, the triple regimen in fit patients showed obvious advantages, and the difference showed statistically significant (P<0.05), while the efficacy for mediate patients and frail patients showed no significant difference. During the induction of bortezomib, the incidence of adverse reactions for the patients in the triple group (78.6%) was higher than 67.9% in the double group, and the difference showed no statistically significant (P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the 1-year overall survival rate of the patients and with molecular genetic abnormalities among each groups.@*CONCLUSION@#The therapeutic effect is related to the patient's physical condition. For patients with healthy physique, the triple regimen should be used first. For patients with weak physical constitution, the chemotherapy regimen with low drug toxicity should be selected for safety.

The Relationship between Hematopoietic Scoring System Composed of HB，PLT and MCV and Prognosis and Curative Effect of Multiple Myeloma Patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the prognostic value of hemopoietic scoring system composed of hemoglobin (HB), platelet count (PLT) and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) in MM patients and its correlation with curative effect.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 172 newly diagnosed MM patients treated by bortezomib as the first-line regimen in our hospital from May 2014 to December 2019 were collected, three variables (HB≤100 g/L, PLT≤150×109/L, MCV≥96 fl) were introduced, each variable was distributed 1 score, the patients were divided into four groups (0, 1, 2 and 3 points in group 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively), and the clinical characteristics and prognosis of the patients in the four groups were analyzed. The initial efficacy evaluation after 3-4 courses of treatment was carried out, and the curative effect of the patients in the different hematopoiesis score groups were compared.@*RESULTS@#The median OS time of the patients in group 1, 2, 3 and 4 was 27.0, 22.5, 20.7 and 18.1 months, while the median PFS time were 23.0, 19.0, 18.0 and 14.0 months, respectively. The OS and PFS of the patients in low score group were significantly better than those in high score group (P=0.045, P=0.048). There was no significant difference in the curative effect of the patients treated by bortezomib after 3-4 courses (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Hematopoiesis score can preliminarily predict the overall survival of newly diagnosed MM patients, but there is no significant difference between different scoring groups in the initial curative effect.

Acupoint selection rules of acupuncture and moxibustion for stroke-related pneumonia / 中国针灸

Using data mining technology, the rules of acupoint selection of acupuncture and moxibustion were explored in treatment of stroke-related pneumonia. The clinical articles of acupuncture and moxibustion in treatment of stroke-related pneumonia were retrieved from CNKI, SinoMed, Wanfang and VIP databases from their inception through to January l 2021, and then, the acupuncture-moxibustion prescription database was set up for stroke-related pneumonia. SPSS Modeler 18.0 Apriori algorithm was adopted to analyze the association rules of acupoints and draw complex network diagrams. SPSS26.0 was used in clustering analysis of acupoints. Finally, a total of 44 articles were included, with 51 acupoint prescriptions and 82 acupoints extracted. The total frequency of acupoints was 340 times. The high-frequency acupoints in treatment with acupuncture and moxibustion for stroke-related pneumonia were Feishu (BL 13), Fenglong (ST 40), Hegu (LI 4), etc. These acupoints were mainly distributed on the limbs and back and mostly from yang meridians. Of these extracted acupoints, the five-shu points, convergent points and back-shu points were selected specially. Regarding acupoint combination, the association of Quchi (LI 11) had the highest support with Hegu (LI 4) and Zusanli (ST 36). The core prescription of acupuncture-moxibustion treatment for stroke-related pneumonia could be composed of Quchi (LI 11), Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Fenglong (ST 40) and Taichong (LR 3).

XCR1 Forms a Heterodimer with CXCR4 and Regulates Its Internalization / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

Chemokine signal pathways are important for the regulation of tumour metastasis. Chemokine receptors CXCR4 (C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4) and XCR1 (chemokine XC receptor 1) are involved in the metastasis of breast cancer, while the interaction between them remains unclear. Here we first identified the interaction between CXCR4 and XCR1 based on membrane protein yeast two-hybrid assays. Bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) showed that XCR1 could competitively bind to CXCR4 to form a heterodimer (P < 0.01). Results of wound healing assays via transient transfection of XCR1 and CXCR4 into HEK293 cells showed that 41.55% of the migration area rate in the co-transformation group was lower than 58.75% in the CXCR4-alone group after adding 30 nmol/L S D F-β. The co-expression of XCR1 inhibited the cellular motility, possibly mediated by the SDF-1β (stromal cell-derived factor 1)/CXCR4 signal pathway (P < 0.05). Furthermore, CXCR4 on the cell surface after co-expression of XCR1 in CXCR4-EGFP transgenic HEK293 cells was detected by flow cytometry. And the result suggested that XCR1 could accelerate the internalization of CXCR4 into the heterodimer induced by 30 nmol/L SDF-1β (P<0.05), which increased the internalization rate from 14.38% to 64.10%. Finally, the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, which were involved in cell proliferation and migration, respectively, were examined. After 10 minutes of SDF-1β stimulation, ERK phosphorylation in the CXCR4-alone group showed a 3.59-fold increase, whereas the increase of ERK phosphorylation in the co-transfected group was only 2.08-fold. Interestingly, heterodimer formation reduced the phosphorylation level of ERK and shortened the activation time, whereas the phosphorylation level of Akt remained unchanged. Collectively, our findings revealed the hetero-dimerization of CXCR4 and XCR1 and its effects on CXCR4-mediated cellular motility, receptor internalization, and ERK pathway phosphorylation. Therefore, XCR1-targeting drugs could be candidates for cross-desensitization of CXCR4 and might represent a possible option for inhibiting breast cancer metastasis.

The antimicrobial peptide YD attenuates inflammation via miR-155 targeting CASP12 during liver fibrosis

@#The antimicrobial peptide APKGVQGPNG (named YD), a natural peptide originating from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CBSYD1, exhibited excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties in vitro. These characteristics are closely related to inflammatory responses which is the central trigger for liver fibrosis. However, the therapeutic effects of YD against hepatic fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms are rarely studied. In this study, we show that YD improved liver function and inhibited the progression of liver fibrosis by measuring the serum transaminase activity and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin and collagen I in carbon tetrachloride-induced mice. Then we found that YD inhibited the level of miR-155, which plays an important role in inflammation and liver fibrosis. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay indicate that Casp12 is a new target of miR-155. We demonstrate that YD significantly decreases the contents of inflammatory cytokines and suppresses the NF-κB signaling pathway. Further studies show that transfection of the miR-155 mimic in RAW264.7 cells partially reversed the YD-mediated CASP12 upregulation, the downregulated levels of inflammatory cytokines, and the inactivation of the NF-κB pathways. Collectively, our study indicates that YD reduces inflammation through the miR-155–Casp12–NF-κB axis during liver fibrosis and provides a promising therapeutic candidate for hepatic fibrosis.

Factors influencing patient safety behavior of nursing students during clinical practice / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To explore the factors influencing patient safety behavior of nursing students during clinical practice.Methods:A cross-sectional study was used, in which a total of 214 participants completed the online survey related to the undergraduate nursing students ′ clinical teaching satisfaction scale, safety attitude questionnaire and nurse safety behavior questionnaire. Results:The mean scores of clinical teaching satisfaction, safety attitude and nurse safety behavior were (3.83±0.81), (3.70±0.65) and (3.93±0.79) respectively. There were positive correlations between clinical teaching satisfaction, safety attitude with the nurse safety behavior ( r=0.82, 0.75, P<0.01). The results also showed that the same shifts with their clinical instructors, clinical teaching satisfaction and safety attitude could affect safety behavior of nursing students ( F=67.81, R2=0.753, ΔR2= 0.742, P=0.00), which accounted for 74.20% of total variation. Conclusions:The same shift arrangement for both clinical instructors and nursing students, enhancement of the demonstration and guidance from clinical instructors, as well as strengthening the cultivating patient safety attitude would be beneficial to promoting the safety behavior of nursing students during clinical practice.

Cloning and expression analysis of RcUDPGTs genes in Tibetan Rhodiola crenulata / 药学学报

UDP glucosyltransferase (UDPGT) catalyzes the synthesis of secondary metabolites and plant hormones to regulate plant growth and development, pathogen defense and environmental adaptability. In this study 18 members of the RcUDPGT gene family were cloned from Tibetan Rhodiola crenulata and analyzed using bioinformatics. The tissue-specific expression, abiotic stresses and plant hormones (abscisic acid, auxin, methyl jasmonate) induced expression patterns were identified by real-time quantitative PCR. The bait vector of RcUDPGT (JX228125.1) was constructed to select interacting proteins from an Arabidopsis yeast library. The results of the bioinformatics analysis revealed that RcUDPGT nucleotide sequences were about 1 400 bp and encoded 452-498 amino acids. In the primary protein sequences, C-terminal sequences were more conserved compared with N-terminal regions, which held a PSPG (plant secondary product glycosyltransferase) domain. In the tertiary structures, RcUDPGTs contained a UDP sugar donor recognition binding site. In addition, all genes had multiple phosphorylation sites. The results of qRT-PCR showed that RcUDPGTs genes were expressed in root, stem and leaf. The expression levels were regulated by low temperature/ultraviolet light and various plant hormones (ABA, IAA, MeJA), but the expression patterns were quite different among them. For example, RcUDPGT6, RcUDPGT11, and RcUDPGT17 had the highest expression in leaves and were induced by all three hormones, suggesting that the functions of these genes might be to respond to environmental changes. RcUDPGT9, RcUDPGT10, RcUDPGT14 were most abundantly expressed in roots and were significantly induced by ABA and MeJA hormones, indicating that these genes may be involved in the synthesis and accumulation of salidroside. Yeast two-hybrid results showed that RcUDPGT did not exhibit autoactivation and cell toxicity, and two significant interactional genes were identified, AtKCR1 (AT1G67730.1) and AtSNL4 (AT1G70060). The AtKCR1 gene encodes a β-ketoacyl reductase (KCR) involved in synthesis of very long chain fatty acids. The AtSNL4 gene encodes a homolog of the transcriptional repressor SIN3, which could participate in the ABA hormone signaling pathway and enhance the transcriptional repression of AP2/EREBP class factors in Arabidopsis. These results suggest that the accumulation of the secondary metabolite salidroside in Rhodiola crenulata might be affected by several regulatory mechanisms. The above results may lay the foundation for understanding the adaptive mechanism of Rhodiola crenulata in a high altitude environment and stimulate an in-depth study of the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites in this species.

Analysis on specific effect of acupoints at the upper arms in treatment of scrofula and goiter / 中国针灸

Through analyzing the indication distribution of the different acupoints located at the upper limbs recorded in

Acupoint selection rules and characteristics of insomnia in the elderly treated with acupuncture / 中国针灸

The published literature of insomnia in the elderly treated with acupuncture was retrieved in CNKI, Wanfang and VIP from the date of establishment to December 31, 2019. Association rule analysis and cluster analysis were used to summarize the acupoint selection rules of insomnia in the elderly treated with acupuncture. A total of 37 articles were included, involving 60 acupuncture prescriptions. The most commonly used acupoints were Sanyinjiao (SP 6), Shenmen (HT 7), Anmian (Extra), Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Neiguan (PC 6), Xinshu (BL 15) and Taixi (KI 3). The most commonly used acupoint combinations were Sanyinjiao (SP 6)-Anmian (Extra)-Baihui (GV 20)-Sishencong (EX-HN 1)-Shenting (GV 24)-Shenmen (HT 7)-Xinshu(BL 15), Xinshu(BL 15)-Pishu (BL 20)-Shenshu (BL 23)-Shenting (GV 24), Zhaohai (KI 6)-Shenmai (BL 62), Taichong (LR 3)-Ganshu (BL 18), Daling (PC 7)-Taixi (KI 3), Neiguan (PC 6)- Zusanli (ST 36) and Guanyuan (CV 4)-Qihai (CV 6)-Zhongwan (CV 12). On the basis of acupoint selection according to disease differentiation, the acupoint selection rules and characteristics of insomnia in the elderly treated with acupuncture are regulating and supplementing the spleen and kidney and treating according to spleen-kidney.

Quchi (LI 11) for treatment of allergic diseases based on coincidence of key therapeutic characteristics of acupoints and pathogenesis of allergic diseases / 中国针灸

According to the etiology, allergic diseases are related to wind and heat; according to the pathogenesis, most of allergic diseases are

Effects of human albumin products on human stem cell culture / 中国输血杂志

【Objective】 To compare the effects of human albumin products from different domestic manufacturers on human stem cell culture. 【Methods】 Human CD34+ cells were cultured by supplementing human albumin from different manufacturers to serum-free medium, and the expansion ratios of cells within 15 days were counted. Post translational modifications of human albumin products were studied by LC-MS. 【Results】 Supplementing plasma-derived human albumin(pd-alb) to serum-free medium, the expansion ratios of cells could reach up to 20.6±5.7, while the recombinant human albumin(rhAlb) resulted in no significant expansion within 15 days. LC-MS showed significant differences in post-translational modifications from different human albumin products. 【Conclusion】 Different human albumin products showed significantly different effects in the expansion of stem cells due to different sources, processes and stabilizers. Pd-alb products were better for stem cell culture than rhAlb products. There are significant differences between pd-albs and rhAlbs in post-translational modification, but whether these differences are related to stem cell expansion remains to be studied.

Tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation plus endurance resistance exercises for female with chronic neck pain / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation combined with endurance resistance exercises in treating female with chronic neck pain, and explore the mechanism. Methods: A total of 57 female patients with chronic neck pain who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a manipulation group (29 cases) and a medium-frequency electrotherapy group (28 cases). Patients in both groups received the same endurance exercise therapy, while those in the manipulation group received additional tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation, and those in the medium-frequency electrotherapy group received additional medium-frequency electrotherapy. Both groups were treated for 5 weeks. Before and after treatment, the neck function of patients was evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS), Analgesy-Meter, Northwick Park questionnaire (NPQ), root mean square (RMS) and median frequency (MF) of surface electromyography of sternocleidomastoid muscle and posterior cervical extensor muscle, and the patients were followed up at a month after treatment. Results: All patients completed the treatment and were followed up. Compared with the same group before treatment, the VAS scores of both groups decreased, the tenderness values increased, the RMS and MF values increased, and the NPQ scores decreased after treatment (all P<0.05). The improvement of manipulation group was more notable than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy group (all P<0.05). At one-month follow-up, the VAS and NPQ scores of the manipulation group were lower than those before and after treatment, and the VAS and NPQ scores of the medium-frequency electrotherapy group were only lower than those before treatment; the two scores of the manipulation group were lower than those of the medium-frequency electrotherapy group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Tendon-regulating and bone-setting manipulation combined with endurance resistance exercises can relieve neck pain and cervical dysfunction in female patients with chronic neck pain. The efficacy of this method is more durable and better than that of medium-frequency electrotherapy combined with endurance exercises.