Electroacupuncture Promotes Functional Recovery after Facial Nerve Injury in Rats by Regulating Autophagy via GDNF and PI3K/mTOR Signaling Pathway / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) in promoting recovery of the facial function with the involvement of autophagy, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway.@*METHODS@#Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly allocated into the control, sham-operated, facial nerve injury (FNI), EA, EA+3-methyladenine (3-MA), and EA+GDNF antagonist groups using a random number table, with 12 rats in each group. An FNI rat model was established with facial nerve crushing method. EA intervention was conducted at Dicang (ST 4), Jiache (ST 6), Yifeng (SJ 17), and Hegu (LI 4) acupoints for 2 weeks. The Simone's 10-Point Scale was utilized to monitor the recovery of facial function. The histopathological evaluation of facial nerves was performed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The levels of Beclin-1, light chain 3 (LC3), and P62 were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunofluorescence, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Additionally, IHC was also used to detect the levels of GDNF, Rai, PI3K, and mTOR.@*RESULTS@#The facial functional scores were significantly increased in the EA group than the FNI group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). HE staining showed nerve axons and myelin sheaths, which were destroyed immediately after the injury, were recovered with EA treatment. The expressions of Beclin-1 and LC3 were significantly elevated and the expression of P62 was markedly reduced in FNI rats (P<0.01); however, EA treatment reversed these abnormal changes (P<0.01). Meanwhile, EA stimulation significantly increased the levels of GDNF, Rai, PI3K, and mTOR (P<0.01). After exogenous administration with autophagy inhibitor 3-MA or GDNF antagonist, the repair effect of EA on facial function was attenuated (P<0.05 or P<0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#EA could promote the recovery of facial function and repair the facial nerve damages in a rat model of FNI. EA may exert this neuroreparative effect through mediating the release of GDNF, activating the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway, and further regulating the autophagy of facial nerves.

Blumea balsamifera （L.） DC Oil Alleviates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response in Macrophages by Affecting Arachidonic Acid Metabolism Via NF-κB Nonclassical Pathway / 中山大学学报(医学科学版)

ObjectiveTo study the anti-inflammatory effects of Blumea balsamifera （L.） DC oil （BBO） based on nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB） nonclassical and arachidonic acid （AA） pathway. MethodsEffects of BBO on the production of slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis （SRS-A） were detected by the ileal smooth muscle method. The contents of prostaglandin E2 （PGE2） and leukotriene B4 （LTB4） in lipopolysaccharides （LPS） -induced macrophages were detected by ELISA kit. The expression of COX-2， 5-LOX， FLAP and RelB were detected by qRT-PCR. Western blot was performed to detect the effects of BBO on the level of NF-κB nonclassical pathway proteins TNF receptor associated factor 3 （TRAF3）， TNF receptor associated factor 2 （TRAF2）， NF-κB-inducing kinase （NIK）， p100 and RelB. ResultsThe contractile tension of guinea pig ileum was reduced （P<0.001）， and the SRS-A production inhibition rate reached 65.34% at 1mg·mL-1 BBO concentration. Compared with LPS group， BBO reduced the concentrations of PGE2 （P<0.05） and LTB4 （P<0.05）， and decreased the expressions of COX-2 （P<0.05）， 5-LOX （P<0.05） and FLAP （P<0.05） in AA pathway at concentrations of 40-80 μg·mL-1. Moreover， 40-80 μg·mL-1 BBO decreased the concentrations of TRAF3 （P<0.05）， TRAF2 （P<0.05）， and NIK （P<0.05）， and further inhibited the phosphorylation of p100 （P<0.05）， as well as the level of the transcription factor RelB in genes （P<0.05） and proteins （P<0.05） in nonclassical NF-κB pathway， whereas BBO did not cause such changes. ConclusionBBO may potentially exert its anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the regulatory proteins TRAF3 and TRAF2 and the transcription factor RelB in NF-κB nonclassical pathway. The inhibitory action extending to the induction kinase function of NIK， further hindering the phosphorylation of p100 and its binding with the transcription factor RelB. Consequently， downstream elements in the AA pathway， including the pivotal rate-limiting enzymes COX-2， 5-LOX and FLAP， were altered. This modulation influences the levels of inflammatory mediators such as PGE2 and LTB4.

Investigating the effect and mechanism of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae combination in ameliorating psoriatic lesions / 中国药理学通报

Aim In this study, a mouse model of psoriasis-like lesions induced by 62. 5 mg imiquimod was used to explore the effect and mechanism of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae combination for the topical treatment of psoriasis. Methods Firstly, the topical administration of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae combination for treating psoriasis in progressive and recurrent stages was evaluated by psoriatic mouse model and HE staining. Secondly, immunohistochemistry was used to study the regulatory effects of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae combination on the pivotal pathological mechanism of psoriasis-the positive feedback loop between the abnormal proliferation of keratinocytes and skin immune microenvironment. Finally, metabolomics technology was used to explore whether Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae combination topically treat psoriasis by regulating inflammation-related metabolism and lipid metabolism pathways. Results The combination of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae alleviated psoriasis-like lesions in mice. It effectively relieved the recurrence after the cure of psoriatic lesions in mice, and the efficacy is comparable to that of benweimod. The combination of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae inhibited the proliferation of mouse epidermal keratinocytes and reduced the number of T cells in the skin. The potential molecular mechanism was that the combination of Sophorae Flavescentis Radix and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae regulated arachidonic acid metabolism, sphin- golipid metabolism, tryptophan metabolism and phenylalanine metabolism. Conclusions The combination of Sophora Flavescens Radix and Rhizoma Smilacis Glabrae can relieve psoriasis-like lesions in mice by inhibiting the proliferation of epidermal keratinocytes and reducing the number of T cells in the skin and regulating metabolism to intervene psoriasis recurrence. This study provides a potential topical drug of psoriasis for relieving psoriasis recurrence.

Research progress in the effectiveness and mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for depression / 四川精神卫生

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy characterized by fewer side effects and simple operation has been explored as a potential therapy for depression. This article provides a review of researches relevant to current clinical application and mechanism of hyperbaric oxygen therapy for depression， aiming to provide valuable references for the formulation of new strategies for the treatment of depression. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy has been demonstrated to be useful as an adjunctive therapy for depression， which can effectively alleviate depression by regulating the homeostasis of hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis， inhibiting inflammation and enhancing synaptic plasticity. And hyperbaric oxygen therapy as adjuvant to antidepressants for depression can contribute to increasing the treatment effectiveness to some extent.

Population heterogeneity analysis of caries prevention service preferences among children in Anhui Province / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To determine the heterogeneity for caries prevention service preferences among children in Anhui Province, so as to provide reference for the promotion and popularization of caries prevention services for school age children.@*Methods@#Based on a discrete selection experiment, a face to face questionnaire survey was administered using a multi stage sampling method among 785 parents with children 3-12 years of age who were hospitalized in the stomatology clinics of 7 prefectures and cities in Anhui Province from October 2021 to October 2022. A mixed Logit model was used to evaluate caries prevention service preferences for children.@*Results@#Four discrete choice experiment attributes included in the study were statistically significant for choice preference ( P <0.05). Compared with the control group, parents with a high school education or above preferred caries prevention services with 70%-<80% preventive effectiveness, 2-<5 and <2 km from the service point, and a high service cost ( β =0.38, 1.66, 1.64, 0.00); female parents preferred preventive services with 70%-<80% preventive effectiveness and a high service cost ( β =0.35, 0.01 ); parents of children <7 years of age preferred services with 70%-<80% preventive effectiveness ( β =0.75); parents of children with oral health preferred preventive services during winter and summer vacations ( β =-0.28); parents of children with caries preferred preventive services with a high cost per denticle ( β =0.00)( P <0.05).@*Conclusions@#Parents with different education levels, gender, child age, and oral health status have heterogeneity in dental caries prevention service preferences. The provision of targeted and precise services can improve the participation and coverage of caries prevention services for school age children.

The influence of renally inappropriate medication on the frailty of elderly patients with diabetes / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of renally inappropriate medication （RIM） on the frailty of elderly patients with diabetes. METHODS The data of elderly patients with diabetes mellitus admitted to a third-grade class A hospital in Yunnan province from January to December 2022 were collected， and Beers criteria （2019 edition） and Chinese version of FRAIL scale were used to evaluate RIM and the frailty of the patients； the patients were divided into the trial group （with RIM） and the control group （without RIM） according to whether there was RIM. The propensity score matching was used to balance confounding factors between two groups， and the influence of RIM on the frailty of elderly diabetic patients was analyzed by the Logistic regression model. RESULTS Among the 367 patients， 80 patients （21.80%） had RIM， the drugs involved RIM were spironolactone （82.56%）， rivaroxaban （13.95%） and gabapentin （3.49%）. After reaching the balance between groups using the propensity score matching method， the incidence of frailty was 77.94% in trial group and 27.94% in control group （P＜0.001）； the difference was not statistically significant in other confounding factors between the two groups （P＞0.05）. Results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of frailty in the experimental group was 3.118 times that of the control group （odds ratio was 3.118，95% confidence interval was 1.758-5.530， P＜0.001）. CONCLUSIONS RIM is a risk factor for the frailty of elderly patients with diabetes， which can be considered as an indicator for early identification and screening of the frailty of elderly diabetes patients.

Influences of compound exercises on jumpingin volleyball / Influências de exercícios compostos sobre o salto no voleibol / Influencia de los ejercicios compuestos en el salto en voleibol

ABSTRACT Introduction: Volleyball requires athletes to have high global sport capacity. Compound exercises require more than one muscle group to complete a given movement. They are ideal for jump development in volleyball because they replicate how the athlete's body moves naturally. However, the attributes relevant to this technique are not fully understood. Objective: Study compound exercise's effects on volleyball players' jumping ability. Methods: The controlled experiment method was used in 30 volunteers equally distributed in two groups, with a duration of 8 weeks. The control group received traditional training. The experimental group received training sessions directed by compound exercises. The sessions were applied twice a week, lasting 80 minutes per session, including 15 minutes of warm-up and 10 minutes of cool-down. The indicators were collected individually before and after the experiment, and the data were analyzed and statistically confronted. Results: The experimental group showed better results on standing vertical jump height, touch height, and blocking height after the compound exercise. Conclusion: The proposed compound exercise can improve players' physical quality, impacting their professional quality, to ensure sporting interest. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: O voleibol exige que os atletas tenham alta capacidade esportiva global. Os exercícios compostos requerem mais de um grupo muscular trabalhando em conjunto para completar um determinado movimento, sendo ideal para o desenvolvimento de salto no esporte do voleibol por replicar a maneira como o corpo do atleta move-se naturalmente. Porém, os atributos relevantes para essa técnica não estão totalmente esclarecidos. Objetivo: Estudar os efeitos do exercício composto na capacidade de salto dos jogadores de voleibol. Métodos: Utilizou-se o método de experimento controlado em 30 voluntários igualmente distribuídos em dois grupos, com duração de 8 semanas. O grupo controle recebeu o treinamento tradicional. Treinamentos direcionados foram direcionados por exercícios compostos ao grupo experimental. A sessões foram aplicadas duas vezes por semana, com duração de 80 minutos por sessão, incluindo 15 minutos de aquecimento e 10 minutos resfriamento. Os indicadores forem coletados individualmente antes e depois do experimento, os dados foram analisados e confrontados estatisticamente. Resultados: O grupo experimental apresentou melhores resultados sobre a altura do salto vertical em pé, altura de toque e altura de bloqueio após o exercício composto. Conclusão: O exercício composto proposto pode melhorar a qualidade física dos jogadores, impactando na qualidade profissional, com a premissa de garantir o interesse esportivo. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: El voleibol exige que los atletas tengan una alta capacidad deportiva global. Los ejercicios compuestos requieren más de un grupo muscular trabajando en conjunto para completar un movimiento determinado, siendo ideal para el desarrollo del salto en el deporte del voleibol por replicar la forma en que el cuerpo del atleta se mueve naturalmente. Sin embargo, los atributos relevantes para esta técnica no se conocen del todo. Objetivo: Estudiar los efectos del ejercicio compuesto sobre la capacidad de salto de los jugadores de voleibol. Métodos: Se utilizó el método de experimento controlado en 30 voluntarios distribuidos equitativamente en dos grupos, con una duración de 8 semanas. El grupo de control recibió formación tradicional. El grupo experimental recibió sesiones de entrenamiento dirigidas por ejercicios compuestos. Las sesiones se aplicaron dos veces por semana, con una duración de 80 minutos por sesión, incluidos 15 minutos de calentamiento y 10 minutos de enfriamiento. Los indicadores se recogieron individualmente antes y después del experimento, se analizaron los datos y se confrontaron estadísticamente. Resultados: El grupo experimental mostró mejores resultados en la altura de salto vertical de pie, la altura de toque y la altura de bloqueo tras el ejercicio compuesto. Conclusión: El ejercicio compuesto propuesto puede mejorar la calidad física de los jugadores, repercutiendo en la calidad profesional, con la premisa de garantizar el interés deportivo. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Impacts of muscle training loads on college students' physical fitness / Impactos de cargas no treinamento muscular sobre a aptidão física dos estudantes universitários / Impacto de cargas en el entrenamiento muscular sobre la aptitud física de los estudiantes universitarios

ABSTRACT Introduction: Due to the excessive value of contemporary intellectual education, the physical fitness of college students has become precarious. This gradual deficit requires innovative solutions to inhibit the negative impacts on the physical quality that inevitably impact students' learning ability. Objective: Verify the impacts of varied loads in muscular strength exercise on college students and their practical repercussions on the diversified development of physical education classes. Methods: We selected 90 non-sporting college students, sedentary and without physical diseases, divided into experimental group 1 with medium intensity load, experimental group 2 with a low-intensity load, and a control group. Before and after the experiment, the relevant fitness indicators were evaluated, and finally, the data were statistically integrated and analyzed. Results: Group 1 increased from 52.25 ± 5.57kg before training to 54.56 ± 6.02kg, with a very significant change; experimental group 2 increased from 53.32 ± 4.89kg before training to 54.21 ± 5.22kg, showing a very significant change as well. Conclusion: Establishing the intensity of load muscle training scientifically and rationally can improve college students' physical quality and muscle strength, and promote the healthy and coordinated development of their psychological and physical quality. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMO Introdução: Em detrimento da supervalorização da educação intelectual contemporânea, o condicionamento físico dos estudantes universitários tem se tornado precário. Este déficit gradual requer soluções inovadoras visando inibir os impactos negativos à qualidade física que inevitavelmente repercutiram sobre a capacidade de aprendizagem dos estudantes. Objetivo: Verificar os impactos de cargas variadas no exercício de força muscular sobre os estudantes universitários e sua repercussão prática sobre o desenvolvimento diversificado das aulas de educação física. Métodos: Foram selecionados 90 estudantes universitários de áreas não esportivas, sedentários e sem doenças físicas, divididos em grupo experimental 1 com carga de média intensidade, grupo experimental 2 com carga de baixa intensidade e grupo de controle. Antes e depois do experimento, os indicadores de aptidão física relevantes foram avaliados, e finalmente os dados foram integrados estatisticamente e analisados. Resultados: O grupo 1 aumentou de 52,25 ± 5,57kg antes do treinamento para 54,56 ± 6,02kg, com uma mudança muito significativa; o grupo experimental 2 aumentou de 53,32 ± 4,89kg antes do treinamento para 54,21 ± 5,22kg, apresentando alteração também muito significativa. Conclusão: Estabelecer a intensidade do treinamento muscular de carga no treinamento muscular de forma científica e racional pode melhorar a qualidade física e a força muscular dos estudantes universitários, além de promover o desenvolvimento sadio e coordenado da qualidade psicológica e física desses estudantes. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

RESUMEN Introducción: En detrimento de la sobrevaloración de la formación intelectual contemporánea, la forma física de los universitarios se ha vuelto precaria. Este déficit gradual requiere soluciones innovadoras destinadas a inhibir los impactos negativos sobre la calidad física, que inevitablemente repercuten en la capacidad de aprendizaje de los alumnos. Objetivo: Verificar los impactos de cargas variadas en ejercicios de fuerza muscular en estudiantes universitarios y su repercusión práctica en el desarrollo diversificado de las clases de educación física. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 90 estudiantes universitarios de áreas no deportivas, sedentarios y sin enfermedades físicas, divididos en grupo experimental 1 con carga de intensidad media, grupo experimental 2 con carga de intensidad baja y grupo control. Antes y después del experimento, se evaluaron los indicadores de aptitud pertinentes y, por último, se integraron y analizaron estadísticamente los datos. Resultados: El grupo 1 aumentó de 52,25 ± 5,57 kg antes del entrenamiento a 54,56 ± 6,02 kg, con un cambio muy significativo; el grupo experimental 2 aumentó de 53,32 ± 4,89 kg antes del entrenamiento a 54,21 ± 5,22 kg, mostrando también un cambio muy significativo. Conclusión: Establecer la intensidad del entrenamiento muscular de carga de forma científica y racional puede mejorar la calidad física y la fuerza muscular de los estudiantes universitarios, así como promover el desarrollo saludable y coordinado de su calidad psicológica y física. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

Oenothein B inhibits proliferation and migration of breast cancer cells by regulating P53 / 中国中药杂志

The effects of oenothein B(OEB) on the proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were investigated by cell culture in vitro, network pharmacology, and molecular docking. In vitro cell experiments revealed that OEB inhibited the proliferation and colony formation ability, and promoted the apoptosis and formation of apoptotic bodies in breast cancer cells, as well as inhibited the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. The targets of OEB were obtained using SwissTargetPrediction database and breast cancer targets were obtained from GeneCards. The targets of OEB and breast cancer were entered separately in Venny 2.1 software to obtain the Venn diagram of common targets of OEB and breast cancer. The common targets of OEB and breast cancer were input into STRING database to construct a protein-protein interaction(PPI) network, which was entered into Cytoscape 3.7.2 software for network topology analysis. Key targets were screened according to protein association strength, and analyzed for KEGG pathway enrichment. Molecular docking of OEB to key targets using AutoDock software revealed that OEB stably bound to the active pocket of P53, while OEB promoted the expression of P53 protein. MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell viability and migration ability increased after silencing P53, and this change was reversed after treatment with OEB. Therefore, this study showed that OEB inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, and promoted the apoptosis of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells, which may be related to the targeted regulation of P53.

Research progress of histone acetylation in prevention and treatment of heart failure and new ideas based on traditional Chinese medicine / 中国中药杂志

Chronic heart failure(CHF) has become a worldwide public health problem due to its high morbidity and mortality, which seriously endangers people's lifespan and quality of life. In recent years, the treatment strategy of CHF has shifted its emphasis on short-term improvement and transformation of hemodynamics to long-term repair as well as improvement of the biological properties of heart failure. At present, with the continuous deepening of medical research, it has been found that histone acetylation is closely related to the occurrence and development of CHF. Traditional Chinese medicine, via regulating histone acetylation, delays ventricular remodeling, improves energy metabolism, inhibits fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and intervenes in the development process of heart failure, thus reducing the mortality and the readmission rate and ultimately improving long-term prognosis. Therefore, this study reviewed the mechanism of histone acetylation in the treatment of heart failure as well as its prevention and treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, to provide reference for clinical treatment of CHF.

Wernekink Commissure Syndrome With Hallucinations and Involuntary Groping:Report of One Case / 中国医学科学院学报

Wernekink commissure syndrome is a rare midbrain syndrome with bilateral cerebellar dysfunction,eye movement disorder,and palatal myoclonus.Few cases of this syndrome have been reported in China,let alone those combined with hallucinations and involuntary groping.This paper reports the diagnosis and treatment of a case of Wernekink commissure syndrome with hallucinations and involuntary groping,aiming to enrich the knowledge about this disease for clinicians.

Development and characteristics of automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device / 中国针灸

An automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device was developed, which could keep relatively constant temperature of heat-sensitive moxibustion, and realize the automatic ignition and automatic ash removal of moxa sticks during heat-sensitive moxibustion. The automatic ash-removal heat-sensitive moxibustion device comprises a bracket and a moxibustion box fixed on the top of the bracket; the bracket is composed of a base and a movable telescopic arm. This device can solve the problems of temperature instability, moxa ash blocking heat transfer and moxa ash falling during heat-sensitive moxibustion, avoiding the scalding caused by moxa ash falling, and reduce the workload of medical staff.

Effects of propofol on glutamatergic neuronal activity in paraventricular thalamus / 药学学报

This study explored the effects of propofol on the activity of glutamatergic neurons in the paraventricular thalamus (PVT) and the underlying mechanisms at the molecular level using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques. Acute brain slices containing the PVT were obtained from 8 weeks old C57BL/6J mice. The electrophysiological characteristics of PVT neurons were recorded in current-clamp mode, then single-cell sequencing was used to identify neuronal types. The firing frequencies before, during, and after propofol or intralipid application were recorded as FB, FD and FW; and the membrane potentials were recorded as MPB and MPD. Picrotoxin (PTX) was used to block inhibitory gamma-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors during the application of propofol at 10 μmol·L-1. Then, GABAA receptor-mediated spontaneous and miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents (sIPSCs and mIPSCs) were recorded, and the effects of 10 μmol·L-1 propofol were investigated. The animal experiments were approved by the Medical Animal Administrative Committee of Shanghai Medical College Fudan University. The results showed that there were no significant differences in FB, FD and FW during intralipid and 2 μmol·L-1 propofol application. With propofol at 5, 10 and 20 μmol·L-1, FD decreased significantly when compared with FB, and FW increased significantly as compared with FD (P < 0.01). The inhibition degree of the three concentration groups was significantly different (P < 0.01). In addition, with propofol at 20 μmol·L-1, MPD hyperpolarized significantly (P < 0.01). In the presence of PTX, 10 μmol·L-1 propofol could not suppress the firing frequency of PVT glutamatergic neurons. Propofol at 10 μmol·L-1 prolonged the decay time of sIPSCs (P < 0.01) and mIPSCs (P < 0.05), and increased the amplitude (P < 0.01) of mIPSCs of PVT glutamatergic neurons. Together, these results indicate that propofol can inhibit the activity of PVT glutamatergic neurons in a concentration-dependent and reversible manner, and the effect is likely to be mediated by postsynaptic GABAA receptors.

Component analysis and network pharmacology of flavonoids in Sophora flavescens tissues at anthesis / 药学学报

italic>Sophora flavescens is a traditional Chinese medicine rich in flavonoids and has wide application potential in drug development and clinical practice. In this study, a total of 227 flavonoids were detected among five tissues of S. flavescens during anthesis using widely targeted metabolomics techniques. There were 137 flavonoids shared by five S. flavescens tissues and 18 root-specific flavonoids. There were 156, 155, 156 and 150 differentially accumulated metabolites identified in stem, leaf, flower, and young pod, respectively, compared with root. Forty-seven potentially active flavonoid components in S. flavescens were identified using the PubChem and SwissADME databases. The 58 potential target proteins for these potentially active components were predicted to be important in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on the SwissTargetPrediction and GeneCards database. These 58 target proteins were used to construct a protein-protein interaction network through the STRING database, from which we performed GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis. The mechanisms by which S. flavescens flavonoids may be useful in the treatment of T2DM was further explored in a multi-level and systematic way based on a "component-target-pathway" network. Finally, ten key potentially effective components were identified and found to be mainly distributed in the roots, flowers, and pods, and their content varied significantly between tissues. The results predict that the key targets of S. flavescens flavonoids in the treatment of T2DM are AKT1, ESR1, EGFR, PIK3R1, TNF and PTGS2, and that they play a hypoglycemic role through the regulation of endocrine resistance, AGE-RAGE, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor resistance and other signaling pathways. This analysis of the tissue distribution and network pharmacology of S. flavescens flavonoids provides a theoretical basis for further studies on S. flavescens metabolites, the rational development and utilization of the S. flavescens aboveground parts, and initiates a comprehensive exploration of the mechanisms by which S. flavescens can be used in the treatment of T2DM.

Research progress on Kangfuyan capsules in treatment of gynecological inflammation disease / 药学实践杂志

Gynecological inflammatory disease refers to female reproductive system inflammatory disease, which has a direct impact on the female conception and reproductive health. Kangfuyan capsule is a classic traditional Chinese medicine preparation of the Miao nationality, which has the functions of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, and clearing away heat and dampness. It is mainly used to treat pelvic inflammation, vaginitis, and chronic cervicitis caused by the accumulation of heat and dampness. In this paper, the basic research and clinical application of the Kangfuyan capsule in gynecological inflammatory diseases were reviewed to provide a reference for the development of drug for gynecological inflammation diseases.

Effect of three-dimensional motion platform training on balance and walking function of stroke patients / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical efficacy of three-dimensional motion platform training on balance and walking function of stroke patients. MethodsFrom August, 2021 to August, 2022, 80 stroke patients from Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University were selected and randomly divided into control group (n = 40) and experimental group (n = 40). The control group received routine rehabilitation training, and the experimental group received three-dimensional motion platform training on the basis of routine rehabilitation training. Before and four weeks after treatment, the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC) and 3D gait analysis (step speed, step frequency, percentage of standing phases on the affected side, percentage of double support phase) were used to assess the balance and walking function of patients. ResultsFour weeks after treatment, the scores of BBS, FAC, and step speed, step frequency, percentage of standing phases on the affected side and percentage of double support phase significantly improved in both groups (|t| > 4.423, |Z| > 5.292, P < 0.001), and they were better in the experimental group than in the control group (|t| > 3.748, |Z| = 2.646, P < 0.05). ConclusionThree-dimensional motion platform training could facilitate to improve the balance and walking function of stroke patients.

Effects of whole body vibration training on postural stability in chronic ankle instability: a meta-analysis / 中国康复理论与实践

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of whole body vibration training on postural stability in patients with chronic ankle instability (CAI) using meta-analysis. MethodsRandomized controlled trials about whole body vibration training on patients with CAI in relation to postural stability were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale, CNKI and WanFang data from inception to November, 2022. Reference lists of included studies were also traced to supplement the relevant literature. Two researchers independently searched the literature, and extracted relevant data. The PEDro scale was used to assess the quality, and the Cochrane Handbook was used to assess the risk of bias. The meta-analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.3. And Stata 15.0 was used to conduct the Egger's test to assess publication bias. ResultsTwelve randomized controlled trials involving 440 individuals were included. Compared with the other exercises or no exercise, whole body vibration training could improve the center of pressure-area (MD = -0.70, 95% CI -0.97 to -0.43, P < 0.001) and the Star Excursion Balance Test in the direction of anterior (MD = 6.16, 95% CI 3.88 to 8.44, P < 0.001), posteromedial (MD = 6.22, 95% CI 3.68 to 8.76, P < 0.001), posterolateral (MD = 6.68, 95% CI 4.28 to 9.08, P < 0.001), anteromedial (MD = 8.78, 95% CI 6.71 to 10.85, P < 0.001), medial (MD = 4.16, 95% CI 1.46 to 6.86, P = 0.002), posterior (MD = 6.69, 95% CI 3.81 to 9.58, P < 0.001), lateral (MD =12.37, 95% CI 8.09 to 16.65, P < 0.001) and anterolateral (MD = 5.29, 95% CI 1.44 to 9.13, P = 0.007). However, there was no significant difference in the overall stability index (MD = 0.02, 95% CI -0.05 to 0.09, P = 0.643) and hop-test (MD = 6.24, 95% CI -8.80 to 21.28, P = 0.416) between whole body vibration training and other exercises or no exercise. ConclusionWhole body vibration training can improve the range of all directions of the Star Excursion Balance Test in individuals with CAI. However, more studies are needed to determine the improvement of center of pressure-area.

Structure-activity relationship of pyrazol-4-yl-pyridine derivatives and identification of a radiofluorinated probe for imaging the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4

There is an accumulating body of evidence implicating the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 4 (M4) in schizophrenia and dementia with Lewy bodies, however, a clinically validated M4 positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand is currently lacking. As such, the aim of this study was to develop a suitable M4 PET ligand that allows the non-invasive visualization of M4 in the brain. Structure-activity relationship studies of pyrazol-4-yl-pyridine derivates led to the discovery of target compound 12 - a subtype-selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM). The radiofluorinated analogue, [18F] 12, was synthesized in 28 ± 10% radiochemical yield, >37 GBq/μmol and an excellent radiochemical purity >99%. Initial in vitro autoradiograms on rodent brain sections were performed in the absence of carbachol and showed moderate specificity as well as a low selectivity of [18F] 12 for the M4-rich striatum. However, in the presence of carbachol, a significant increase in tracer binding was observed in the rat striatum, which was reduced by >60% under blocking conditions, thus indicating that orthosteric ligand interaction is required for efficient binding of [18F] 12 to the allosteric site. Remarkably, however, the presence of carbachol was not required for high specific binding in the non-human primate (NHP) and human striatum, and did not further improve the specificity and selectivity of [18F] 12 in higher species. These results pointed towards significant species-differences and paved the way for a preliminary PET study in NHP, where peak brain uptake of [18F] 12 was found in the putamen and temporal cortex. In conclusion, we report on the identification and preclinical development of the first radiofluorinated M4 PET radioligand with promising attributes. The availability of a clinically validated M4 PET radioligand harbors potential to facilitate drug development and provide a useful diagnostic tool for non-invasive imaging.

Clinical study of using basement membrane biological products in pelvic floor reconstruction during pelvic exenteration / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To investigate the value of reconstruction of pelvic floor with biological products to prevent and treat empty pelvic syndrome after pelvic exenteration (PE) for locally advanced or recurrent rectal cancer. Methods: This was a descriptive study of data of 56 patients with locally advanced or locally recurrent rectal cancer without or with limited extra-pelvic metastases who had undergone PE and pelvic floor reconstruction using basement membrane biologic products to separate the abdominal and pelvic cavities in the Department of Anorectal Surgery of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Military Medical University from November 2021 to May 2022. The extent of surgery was divided into two categories: mainly inside the pelvis (41 patients) and including pelvic wall resection (15 patients). In all procedures, basement membrane biologic products were used to reconstruct the pelvic floor and separate the abdominal and pelvic cavities. The procedures included a transperitoneal approach, in which biologic products were used to cover the retroperitoneal defect and the pelvic entrance from the Treitz ligament to the sacral promontory and sutured to the lateral peritoneum, the peritoneal margin of the retained organs in the anterior pelvis, or the pubic arch and pubic symphysis; and a sacrococcygeal approach in which biologic products were used to reconstruct the defect in the pelvic muscle-sacral plane. Variables assessed included patients' baseline information (including sex, age, history of preoperative radiotherapy, recurrence or primary, and extra-pelvic metastases), surgery-related variables (including extent of organ resection, operative time, intraoperative bleeding, and tissue restoration), post-operative recovery (time to recovery of bowel function and time to recovery from empty pelvic syndrome), complications, and findings on follow-up. Postoperative complications were graded using the Clavien-Dindo classification. Results: The median age of the 41 patients whose surgery was mainly inside the pelvis was 57 (31-82) years. The patients comprised 25 men and 16 women. Of these 41 patients, 23 had locally advanced disease and 18 had locally recurrent disease; 32 had a history of chemotherapy/immunotherapy/targeted therapy and 24 of radiation therapy. Among these patients, the median operative time, median intraoperative bleeding, median time to recovery of bowel function, and median time to resolution of empty pelvic syndrome were 440 (240-1020) minutes, 650 (200-4000) ml, 3 (1-9) days, and 14 (5-105) days, respectively. As for postoperative complications, 37 patients had Clavien-Dindo < grade III and four had ≥ grade III complications. One patient died of multiple organ failure 7 days after surgery, two underwent second surgeries because of massive bleeding from their pelvic floor wounds, and one was successfully resuscitated from respiratory failure. In contrast, the median age of the 15 patients whose procedure included combined pelvic and pelvic wall resection was 61 (43-76) years, they comprised eight men and seven women, four had locally advanced disease and 11 had locally recurrent disease. All had a history of chemotherapy/ immunotherapy and 13 had a history of radiation therapy. The median operative time, median intraoperative bleeding, median time to recovery of bowel function, and median time to relief of empty pelvic syndrome were 600 (360-960) minutes, 1600 (400-4000) ml, 3 (2-7) days, and 68 (7-120) days, respectively, in this subgroup of patients. Twelve of these patients had Clavien-Dindo < grade III and three had ≥ grade III postoperative complications. Follow-up was until 31 October 2022 or death; the median follow-up time was 9 (5-12) months. One patient in this group died 3 months after surgery because of rapid tumor progression. The remaining 54 patients have survived to date and no local recurrences have been detected at the surgical site. Conclusion: The use of basement membrane biologic products for pelvic floor reconstruction and separation of the abdominal and pelvic cavities during PE for locally advanced or recurrent rectal cancer is safe, effective, and feasible. It improves the perioperative safety of PE and warrants more implementation.

Progress based on the clinical translation of the anxiolytic effects of oxytocin / 四川精神卫生

The etiology and pathogenesis of anxiety disorders were still unknown with limited progress in treatment， and had a low cure rate and a high relapse rate. Oxytocin has attracted attention in recent years due to its anxiolytic effect， especially validated in animal experiments， but there are few studies in humans. Therefore， the purpose of this paper is to illustrate the pathological mechanism of anxiety through review researches on oxytocin and anxiety in recent years. Anxiety disorder is one of the most common mental disorder， and the imbalance of neurotransmitters is one of the pathogenesis. As a common neurotransmitter in the brain， oxytocin participated in the process of anxiety regulation. The purpose of this article is to summarize the research related to oxytocin to explore its possible mechanism of regulating anxiety， and to provide new ideas for diagnosis and treatment of anxiety disorders in combination with the clinical findings. ［Funded by Zhejiang Health Science and Technology Plan （number， 2022KY367）］.