[Effect of lidocaine on duration of seizure and hemodynamic alterations in electroconvulsive therapy]

Electroconvulsive therapy [ECT] is one of the most common methods in treatment of different types of psychological disorder. The effectiveness of this therapy has a direct relation with the duration of convulsion. This study was conducted to assess the effect of lidocaine on duration of seizure and hemodynamic alterations in electroconvulsive therapy. This clinical trial study was conducted on 72 ASA-I, II patients with psychotic disorders in Hajar Medical Center in Shahrekord, Iran during 2010. The patients randomly divided into intervention and control group. The interventional group was received 1.5 mg/kg lidocaine and controls were received normal saline. For induction of anesthesia, all patients were received Sodium Thiopental [2mg/kg], Succinylcholine [1mg/kg] and Atropine [0.5mg] Propofol and Succinylcholine during 72 sessions of ECT. Duration of objective convulsion and hemodynamic alterations including blood pressure and heart rate were recorded [before, immediately and 3, 5 minutes after ECT]. Data were analyzed using SPSS-11.5 and t-test. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rate in 3rd minutes in interventional group following electroconvulsive therapy were 143.38 +/- 16 mmHg, 79.86 +/- 6.7 mmHg, 91.9 +/- 9.9 mmHg, respectively and in controls were 128.88 +/- 13.04 mmHg, 87.63 +/- 5.79 mmHg and 102.86 +/- 13 mmHg, respectively. These difference were significant [P<0.05]. The above-mentioned indices for 5th minutes in intervention and controls were as follow: systolic [113.47 +/- 9.97 mmHg, 122.36 +/- 13 mmHg], diastolic [73.47 +/- 4.27 mmHg, 77.63 +/- 6.26 mmHg] heart rate [84.41 +/- 4.6 in minute, 93.19 +/- 12.53 in minute]. These differences in above indices were significant [P<0.05]. This study showed that lidocaine administration during electroconvulsive therapy increase the duration of convulsion and reduces heart rate and blood pressure

[Assessment of sick building syndrome among office workers in Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, 2008]

Building associated illnesses are a group of illnesses caused by physical or psychological conditions of workplace. One of these illnesses is sick building syndrome [SBS] which consists of a group of symptoms, including mucosal irritation, headache, fatigue, skin dryness and itching, and nausea that temporally related to presence in a particular building. This study was designed to assess SBS and factors affecting it in central building of Shahid Sadoughi University of medical sciences. This is a cross-sectional study on workers of central building of Shahid Sadoughi University of medical sciences. The prevalence of SBS was determined using self-administered indoor air quality [IAQ] questionnaire for office workers. All workers who worked at least one year in this building and had no other medical illnesses with similar symptoms to SBS, entered the study and the questionnaire was filled out for them. Data was analyzed using chi square test. Prevalence of SBS among the workers of central building was 35.7% [34.8% in male and 36.9% in female workers]. There was no significant association between prevalence of SBS and age, gender, duration of employment and level of education. The most frequent complaints mentioned by gender, duration of employment and level of education. The most frequent complaints mentioned by participants were fatigue and headache, and the most frequent causes were noise, inadequate physical space and crowded work environment. This survey showed a relatively high prevalence of SBS among office workers in this organization. So considering the effects of SBS on workers' function and productivity, it is recommended to reduce its causes, especially noise and inadequate space

effect of massage on the arterial blood oxygen saturation in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome

Background and Purpose: The use of complementary and alternative therapy is on the rise and massage therapy is one of these alternative procedures. The purpose of the present research was to determine the effect of field massage on the arterial blood oxygen saturation in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome

Methods and Materials: This clinical trial was conducted on 25 infants hospitalized with respiratory distress syndrome in the neonatal intensive care unit in Rasht Al-Zahra Hospital, Iran. An information record form [consisting of two sections: demographic information and a table for recording oxygen saturations] was used for data gathering, and pulse oxymeter was used for measuring Oxygen saturation. The information was collected in 3 consecutive days; the intervention took three 15-minute periods. Arterial blood oxygen saturation was recorded 5 minutes before massage, then neonates underwent a 15-minute massage; then within 5 and 15 minutes from the massage, the arterial blood oxygen saturation was measured and recorded again. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 16 using ANOVA

Results: Mean arterial blood oxygen saturation at baseline [5 minutes before massage] was 93.44 +/- 0.46, five minutes after massage 94.22 +/- 0.41 and 15 minutes after the massage, it was 91.67 +/- 0.24. Mean arterial blood oxygen saturation during the three days of intervention was significantly different before and after the field technique massage [P<0.01], so that the neonates' arterial blood oxygen saturation increased after the massage therapy. Also, mean respiratory rate 5 minutes before the massage was 43.7 +/- 2.4 and 15 minutes after the massage, it was 42.5 +/- 6.5; mean heart rate 5 minutes before the massage was 135.7 +/- 9.6 and 15 minutes after the massage, it was 132 +/- 4.9; the average temperature 5 minutes before the massage was 36.7 +/- 0.6 and 15 minutes after the massage, it was 37 +/- 0.3; the average of these physiologic parameters before and after the intervention were not significantly different

Conclusion: The results of this study Indicate that the massage therapy significantly increases the arterial oxygen saturation in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome; and since after the massage, physiologic variable changes [breathing, heart rate and temperature] are within an acceptable range, it can be concluded that this type of massage is suitable for neonates

Effect of c-peptide on cognitive dysfunction in type 1 diabetic rat

Diabetes mellitus is a common metabolic disorder that associates with structural and functional changes in central and peripheral nervous system and progressive decline in cognitive abilities. Recent experimental and clinical data suggested that C-peptide replacement during type 1 diabetes exerts beneficial effects on diabetic rats. Determine the effect of intraperitoneal [IP] injection of c-peptide on cognitive dysfunction in type 1 diabetic rats. 24 male Sprague dawly rats [230-300 gr] used for this project divided into 3 groups: 1. control group, 2. type 1 diabetic group and 3. Diabetic group that receive C-peptide [25 nmol/kg/daily for 28 day/IP]. Diabetes induced with IV injection of Streptozotocin [60mg/kg]. Twenty one days after onset of diabet, behavioral tests conducted for seven days. In reference memory assessment, the latency of finding platform during four days decline significantly in all groups [P<0.05]. Mean escape time in diabetic group was significantly longer in comparison to other groups [P<0.05] but in comparison to diabetic group with C-peptide group, memory impairement decline significantly [P< 0.05]. During three days of working memory test, the latency required for finding platform decreased significantly [P<0.05] but this time was longer in diabetic group [P<0.05]. C-peptide could improve memory in diabetic group. C-peptide had significant role in control and inhibition of memory disorder progression

Lung function reference values in Iranian adolescents

There is insufficient information about reference values for pulmonary volumes for Iranian populations. A study of lung function parameters was made on 302 non-smoking healthy Iranian students [152 male and 150 female]. Lung function measures correlated strongly with height but not with body mass index. There were significant differences between some of the measured parameters and American Thoracic Society reference values for Caucasians [P < 0.05]. Of note is the high functional residual capacity [110% higher] and low inspirational capacity [86% lower] in males compared with the reference values

[Comparing the effect of 10% lidocain spray and dorsal penis nerve block on the pain of neonatal circumcision]

Neonates have complete insight into the pain. Pain not only causes physiologic and emotional alteration in neonates but also has long-term detrimental effects. Circumcision using dorsal penis nerve block is one of the most common surgical procedures in male neonates. Despite this method is effective, it has few complications. For instance, there is the risk of injecting lidocain in the vein and also there is the possibility of formation of hematoma on the injection site. However, lidocain spray does not cause these complications. The present study is conducted to compare the effect of these two methods on the level of pain after circumcision. This randomized clinical trail study was conducted on 54 neonates who were circumcised. Of these, 25 neonates were anaesthetized using lidocain spray 10%. The remaining [n=29] were received dorsal penis nerve block for the local anesthesia. The severity of pain was measured using Neonatal Infant Pain Scale [NIPS] in three different occasions when the circumcision procedure was being condacted [time 0], and 15 and 30 minutes after circumcision. Mann Whitney U test and t-test were used for comparing the severity of pain in the two groups. In both groups severity of pain was decreasing over the time. The severity of pain among those who received dorsal penis nerve block was less than that of neonates in the other group in both occasions during circumcision [time 0] and 15 minutes after circumcision. However, there was no significant difference of pain severity between the two groups 30 minutes after circumcision. During circumaision and 15 minutes after the procedure, the effect of lidocain spray on the pain of circumcision was less than the effect of dorsal penis nerve block. However, 30 minutes after circumcision the effect of lidocain spray on the pain was comparable with the effect of dorsal penis nerve block method. It can be concluded that regarding the physiological and emotional responses after circumcision, in comparison with lidocain spray, dorsal penis nerve block can be a more effective method for relieving the pain caused by circumcision. However, more investigations are needed to study the side effects of this method