ABSTRACT
To study the influence of maternal hematocrit [Ht] and hemoglobin [Hb] level on placental volume with study of uterine artery Doppler. In this prospective study 40 pregnant [singleton pregnancy] cases were selected from the outpatient clinic of Alzahra university Hospital. They were divided into two groups the study group [20 cases] were anemic[iron deficiency] and the control group[20cases] were healthy. For each case two scans for the placenta and fetal growth were performed, the first at recruitment and the second 5 weeks later. Placenta volume was measured at each visit using three dimensional ultrasound. The maternal Hb and [Ht] were measured in each visit. It revealed a non statistical significance between maternal hemoglobin, hematocrit and placental volume during the 1[st] visit and 2[nd] visit in anemic group compared to the control group. As regards Doppler study of the uterine artery in the present study it was noted that the pulsatility index and resistance index showed a non significant increase in the anemic group compared to the control group. Maternal iron deficiency anemia can affect placental growth and development. Placental volume increased with mild anemia during the first trimester but has no significant effect of fetal growth. The use of 3D ultrasound is more accurate and efficient safe technique of great value in evaluating placental growth and volume. Also, the study of uterine artery blood flow during the mid second trimester showed a non significant increase of RI and PI with maternal anemia. Further study are needed for the effect of anemia on fetal growth during preconceptional, first, second, third trimester and the outcome of pregnancy
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Anemia, Iron-Deficiency/therapy , Placenta/diagnostic imaging , Uterine Artery/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color/statistics & numerical data , Prospective Studies , Hospitals, University/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Studies on some factors affecting the production of gentamicin by Micromonospora purpurea were conducted by using three different media, free and immobilized cells and cell column. It was proved that, free cells produced gentamicin at a maximum of 52 ug/ml in casein/glucose medium at pH 7.2, after 7 days incubation at 32C and shaking at 200 rpm. Under the same conditions, a medium containing molasses produced a maximum of 31 ug/ml of the antibiotic. Calcium alginate immobilized cells of Micromonospora purpurea produced a maximum of 83 and 52 ug/ml of gentamicin after 5 days incubation using casein/glucose and molasses, respectively. Repeated transfer of the free and immobilized biomass into casein/glucose medium was found to maintain the integrity of the immobilized cells with an increased antibiotic production as compared to the free ones. A steady state of gentamicin production with a daily yield of 20 ug/ml could be successfully produced for a period of 10 days by using immobilized cell column
Subject(s)
Gentamicins/pharmacology , Evaluation StudyABSTRACT
The effect of six aminoglycoside antibiotics; namely, amikacin [Am], streptomycin [Sm], neomycin [Nm], kanamycin [Km], gentamicin [Gm] and tobramycin [Nn] on protease production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied. Moreover, the possible interaction between isolated crude enzyme and tested aminoglycoside antibiotics was also investigated. Subinhibitory concentrations of aminoglycoside antibiotics produced a slight effect on bacterial growth, while protease production was inhibited at varying degrees. Maximum inhibition was produced by Sm, followed by Nm, Am and Gm. Kanamycin and tobramycin were of no effect on protease production. Pseudomonal protease significantly reduced bacterial activity of both Sm and Km against sensitive and resistant strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, whereas none of the tested aminoglycoside antibiotics could exhibit any change in protease activity
Subject(s)
Pseudomonas aeruginosaABSTRACT
The bacteriostatic activity of ampicillin-amikacin and ampicillin-gentamicin combinations was shown to be synergistic against the tested strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, fractional inhibitory concentration [FIC] index was 0.25. Pre-incubation of all tested aminoglycosides [gentamicin, tobramycin, kanamycin, amikacin and streptomycin] with the crude pseudomonal beta-lactamase, revealed neither inhibition nor stimulation of such enzyme. Beta-lactam antibiotics, especially ampicillin and benzyl penicillin, inhibited the activity of aminoglycoside-inactivating enzymes produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The tested aminoglycosides and beta-lactams at subinhibitory concentrations were noninducible to beta-lactamase and aminoglycoside inactivating enzymes, respectively. Aminoglycoside-beta-lactam synergism against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was suggested to be in part due to aminoglycoside-inactivating enzyme inhibition by beta-lactams
Subject(s)
beta-Lactamases , Pseudomonas aeruginosaABSTRACT
Effects of inoculum size on the comparative activity of cefotaxime, cefazolin, ampicillin, gentamicin, streptomycin, amikacin and tobramycin against two strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and two strains of Staphylococcus aureus were studied by using 104, 106 and 107 cfu/ml. Inoculum size markedly affected the susceptibility of the studied strains to these antibiotics as well as their combinations. An increase in the inoculum size from 104 to 106 cfu/ml had more effects on the MIC than its increase from 106 to 104 cfu/ml. As regards the effect of inoculum size on the activity of the combinations, it was shown that the increase of inoculum size from 104 to 107 cfu/ml decreased the activity of cefazolin/streptomycin, ampicillin/tobramycin and cefazolin/tobramycin combinations, whereas inoculum size change did not exhibit any effect on cefotaxime gentamicin and ampicillin/amikacin
Subject(s)
Lactams , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureusABSTRACT
Twenty four patients suffering form pregnancy induced hypertension [PIH] attending Al-Azhar Hospital were into three groups each is composed of 8 patients. They received therapeutic doses of labetalol [Trandate], pindolol and clopamide [Viskaldex] and methyl dopa [Aldomet]. The effect of these drugs on maternal blood pressure and fetal condition was studied by cardiography. Viskaldex, has been found to decrease long term variability of fetal heart rate. The other two drugs caused no significant change. Aldomet was found to be less effective in controlling and managing the progress of PIH in severe cases, and the outcome on fetus was less favourable
Subject(s)
Hypertension , Antihypertensive Agents , Fetus , CardiotocographyABSTRACT
In 25 cases of high risk pregnancy [6 class A diabetes, 13 pregnancy induced hypertension and 6 anemia with urinary tract infection] the fetus was assessed by nonstress test and the biophysical profile [fetal breathing movements, gross body movement, fetal tone and amniotic fluid volume]. The outcome of pregnancy was assessed by the 5 minutes Apgar score, fetal cord hemoglobin, bilirubin level, birth weight, placental weight and incidence of congenital anomalies. The results were compared with those in 25 control cases [low risk pregnancy] as regards sensitivity of each test, specificity and predictive value
Subject(s)
Fetal DiseasesABSTRACT
An interesting case of conception after surgical removal of rudimentary horn of uterus with ectopic pregnancy is presented. The patient was suffering at the outset of infertility which was treated with clomid to stimulate ovulation. The first pregnancy after treatment was in a rudimentary horn of uterus. The pregnancy was terminated and the rudimentary horn was removed. The patient got pregnant 6 months later
Subject(s)
Pregnancy ComplicationsABSTRACT
Twenty-four women with pregnancy induced hypertension [PIH] presenting to Al-Azhar University Hospital in the last trimester of pregnancy were divided into three equal groups. Each group received therapeutic doses of a hypotensive drug [labetalol, pindolol with clopamide and alpha methyldopa]. The effect of these drugs was studied during the intrapartumperiodandthe results were compared with eight normosensitive patients during labor [control group]. No significant change in fetal heart rate [FHR] could be attributed to the drug administrated in case of labetalol alpha methyldopa.As regards pindolol with clopamide, a significant change in long term variability was observed in patients suffering from sever PIH. The pHof fetal blood samples taken from the umbilical cord [UC] did not correlate with maternal pH in patients who received pindolol with clopamide