ABSTRACT
Background: loneliness is one of the most widespread complaints of elders that has serious consequences on their mental health, so present study is done in Sabzevar to examaine the effects of group reminiscence on loneliness in elders.
Materials and Methods: the present experimental study is examined 73 of male elders who visited sabzevar rehabilitation clinic of elders and retirement centers. These people was selected according to input criterions and devided to interval group [36 persons] and control group [37 persons] by random. To control the effect of pretest on post test results, every group was devided into two groups, one with pretest and the other without it. First of all, loneliness was held for interval groups [8 sessions, 1 session perweek for an hour], at the end loneliness was measured in all groups and data analyzed by spss 20. Loneliness was measured by standard lonliness questionnaire. Here the statistical testes was included analyzed of variance; ANOVA, analyzed of covariance; ANCOVA, Independent Samples Test, Paired Samples Test.
Results: the mean of loneliness after intervention in groups with pretest was: interval group: 10/15 +/- 1/63, control group: 13/84 +/- 3/30 Independent Samples Test shows meaningful difference. The mean of loneliness after intervention in groups without pretest was: interval group: 12 +/- 3/09, control group: 13/56 +/- 3/92 Independent Samples Test shows meaningful difference.
Conclusion: according to the present study 8 session of group reminiscence had posetive effects on reducing loneliness in.
ABSTRACT
Background: Many patients who are undergoing anesthesia and surgical have untreated stress and anxiety in day of surgery that will effect on the psychological and physiological levels. Reduction anxiety accepted as part of pre-operative nursing care. The present study investigated the effects of Guided Imagery on Anxiety level of the patients undergoing appendectomy.
Materials and Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 60 patients undergoing appendectomy, admitted Beheshti hospital, Sabzevar in 2013, were randomly allocated into two intervention and control groups. Intervention was performed in 18 minutes Audio CD Guided Imagery for an hour before the operation. Data were analyzed bySPSS software version 20, using Chi-square, paired t test and analysis of covariance. 95% confidence level was considered.
Results: The average of state and trait anxiety level in Guided Image regroup before of intervention were 51/90 +/- 7/88 and 42/76 +/- 8/34 respectively which decreased to 38/53 +/- 6/48 and 40/70 +/- 7/88 after intervention. On the other side the average of state and trait anxiety level incontrol group were 52/03 +/- 6/49 and 43/86 +/- 8/29 respectively that increased to 60 +/- 7/97 44/36 +/- 8/18 in the end of the study. Statistically, the paired t test showed significant difference between the levels of anxiety before and afterof study in two groups [p<0/001].
Conclusions: A Guided Imagery session pre-operative can reduce state and trait anxiety. Therefore using this method to reduce anxiety is recommended.
ABSTRACT
Background and purpose: Addiction is a dependence on the drug that makes him the physical and psychological dependence on drugs and will affect all his personal and social behavior and has been attacked as an important social pathology of human society. Therefore, the aim of this study was Effect of a given exercise program on quality of life and self steam of addicts
Methods and materials: The study was quasi-experimental. Between drug addiction in the center of the 60 Congress, 60 of whom were purposefully selected and divided into two groups. The first group, There were 30 people after detoxification and drug treatments did not participate in exercise programs and advice received, the second Group, There were 30 people on drug treatment and counseling after detoxification were involved in sports programs. In two pre-test and post test subjects responded to questionnaires about quality of life and self steam. Data analysis was performed using the dependent and independent T test whit Using software SPSS16 at significant level [p<0.05]
Results: The groups were not significantly different from each other in pre-test, quality of life [p=0/87, t= 2/011] and self steam [p=0/49, t=0/65] but in the post-test groups with exercise training significantly with quality of life [p=0/002, t=-3/27] and self steam [p=0/007, t= -2/81] were better than the control group. It was observed that two groups of pre-test to post-test significantly [p<0/001] in terms of quality of life and self steam had improved
Conclusion: The results showed that the drug addicts who have used a combination of methods, such as regular exercise of moderate intensity, Had a greater improvement in quality of life and self steam
ABSTRACT
Background: In recent years, psychological and physiological effects of music on athletic performance have become an attractive field of research. The present study investigates the effect of various kinds of music on mood characteristics and performance accuracy in skilled and semi-skilled female basketball players
Materials and Methods: The population for this quasiexperimental study consisted of skilled players [League] and semi-skilled players [PE students]. Seventy-two female basketball players [36 skilled and 36 semi-skilled] were selected randomly and assigned to different groups [exciting music, relaxation music, and favorite music]. Data was collected in two days using Brunel mood scale and 5-value Zachary scale for measuring the accuracy of basketball free-throw
Results: ANOVA results show that listening to music improved mood characteristics of participants significantly regardless of their skill level [p=0.012]. The interaction of test and type of music was significant on mood variables [p=0.01]. Favorite music was more effective than exciting music in improving mood properties [p<0.05]. In addition, music improved athletic performance regardless of skill level or type of prescribed music [2.58 +/- 0.093 in pretest vs. 2.88 +/- 0.77 in posttest]. Also, skilled players had significantly higher performance accuracy than semiskilled players [3.23 +/- 0.58 vs. 2.54 +/- 0.79] [p=0.001]
Conclusion: Results showed that negative emotions such as anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, and stress decreased in athletes regardless of the type of music, and positive mood characteristics, such as feeling strong, increased, which is indicative of mood improvement. Also, music improved the performance level regardless of the skill level or the type of prescribed music
ABSTRACT
Addict women face more mental problems than healthy women, and the issue is less attended. Applying inexpensive, easily accessible preventive measures like aerobic training can improve their mental health. The present study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training on the mental health of addict women in the central prison of Zahedan, Iran. This experimental study involved the addict women in the central prison of Zahedan, Iran in 2008. Thirty addict women were randomly selected and assigned into two equal groups [15 controls and 15 experimental]. The Goldberg General Health Questionnaire [GHQ 28] and Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire were used for Data collection. The experimental group was trained for 8 weeks, three weekly sessions of 45 minutes. Both groups completed the questionnaires before and after the 8-week training for the evaluation of their mental health status. The data were analyzed in SPSS 15 using descriptive statistics [frequency, mean and standard deviation] as well as the dependent and independent t-test. Results showed that after eight weeks of aerobic training program, symptoms significantly improved: physical symptoms [from 12.20 +/- 6.37 to 4/ +/- 53 +/- 2/83], anxiety [from 14.47 +/- 4.50 to 4.33 +/- 2.13], depression [from 11.67 +/- 6.78 to 3.60 +/- 3.25] and mental health [from 48.20 +/- 15.50 to 18.87 +/- 6.71] [p
ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: The emotional intelligence [EQ] includes understanding and control of emotions. The purpose of the present study was investigating the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership styles [transformation and transaction] in the coaches of sports teams of Region 9 of the Islamic Azad University
Methods and Materials: This study is a cross-sectional descriptive analytical research. The study population included male coaches of the sports teams of the Islamic Azad University Region 9, from among who 240 participants were randomly selected. Data collection was done through emotional intelligence questionnaire [Shoot, validity 0.84], leadership style questionnaire [Varner Bourk, validity 0.79] and a demographic questionnaire. The obtained data were statistically analyzed in SPSS 13 using descriptive statistics [frequency, mean and standard deviation] and Pearson Correlation coefficient
Results: Mean emotional intelligence of the participants was 116.25 +/- 20.21; mean transformation and transaction leadership styles scores were 50.60 +/- 5.41 and 24.42 +/- 5.41, respectively. There was a positive significant correlation between emotional intelligence and transformation leadership style [p=0.001, r=0.404]. Also, there was a significant negative correlation between emotional intelligence and transactional leadership style [p=0.001, r=-0.404]. Investigating the effect of age, experience and educational major on the relationship between emotional intelligence and leadership style showed that older age and experience of the coach highlights this relationship [r=0.475, p=0.000]. However, this correlation was significant only in coaches with non-physical-training education [p=0.000, r=0.559]
Conclusion: According to the results, it can be stated the higher the emotional intelligence in coaches, the stronger their willingness to transformation leadership style will be
ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: Many factors affect the learning of motor skills, one of which is the arrangement pattern of exercises, which can affect the stability and development of a generalized practice schedules and parameterizing the movements. The current research was performed to monitor the effect of different practice schedules on learning and transfer of generalized motor program in a serial task
Methods and Materials: This experimental study involved the population of male right-handed university students at Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran. Therefore, 80 participants [age range of 19-23 years old] were randomly allocated into four groups: blocked, random, blocked-random and random-blocked. The test included performance of serial tasks with different generalized motor schedules [spatial dimension variance] and variable timing parameter. The participants took part after pretest phase and accomplishing 108 trial exercises according to practice group in retention and transfer tests. When different tests were performed, amount of relative timing errors [measure of consistency and proficiency of generalized motor program] were calculated. For data analysis, descriptive statistics [mean and standard deviation] and inferential statistics [repeated measures ANOVA and Tukey test] were used in SPSS 16 [p<0.05]
Results: A significant difference [F=3.71, P0.05]
Conclusion: The results showed that the blocked exercises caused a better performance at the acquisition level. However, different patterns caused a similar effect on the performance of participants at the levels of learning and transfer in a serial task
ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: According to the World Health Organization report, mental disorders are among the major causes of disabilities worldwide, which can decrease the success rate of educational progress in students and prevent their further achievements. Physicians believe that physical fitness is a suitable field to access good mental status. This study intended to compare the mental health of athlete and non-athlete students
Methods and Materials: This cross-sectional study involved 74 university students who were randomly selected. The Goldberg General Health Questionnaire [GHQ 28] and Demographic Characteristics Questionnaire were used for data collection
Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics [frequency, mean and standard deviation] as well as the independent t-test in SPSS.13
Results: The total prevalence of mental disorders was 61.76%; but it was 9.4% among athlete students and 30.2 among nonathletes; the observed difference was significant [p<0.001]
Conclusion: Athlete students enjoy a better mental health status than non- athletes do
ABSTRACT
Background and Purpose: Many studies suggest that nursing students experience high levels of stress in clinical settings. It seems that training of communicative skills can enhance the potentialities of nursing students cope with stress. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect of communicative skills on the perceived stress of nursing students
Methods and Materials: This experimental study involved 26 cases and 30 controls from the population of nursing freshman participants from Mashad Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery in 2009-2010 [confidence interval 95%]. Group allocation was conducted randomly. For the experimental group, a 10-hour workshop on communicative skills was provided. Data collection was done through a researcher-made questionnaire of stressors [r=0.834]. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS using paired t-test, independent t-test, chi-square, Kruskall-Wallis and Mann Whitney U tests
Results: Mean perceived stress before training in the experimental and control groups were 43.69?22.24 and 47.03?14.36 respectively, which suggests no significant difference. However, after training, the corresponding figures came out to be 28?19.66 and 43.47?16.64 respectively, with a statistically significant difference [p=0.002]
Conclusion: The results indicated that training of communicative skills reduced the perceived stress of nursing students
ABSTRACT
Background and purpose: Research findings suggest a day-today increase in the rate of suicide particularly among the youth. Recognizing the risk factors and taking measures to control them seem essential, and this study was conducted to this purpose among patients admitted to Sabzevar Hospital who attempted to commit suicide
Methods and materials: The study is a descriptive study, and the study population was cases of suicide at Vase'ee Emergency clinic in Sabzevar, Iran, from which 106 cases were selected through convenient non-probability sampling. Clinical interviews were done by a psychiatrist; interviews were conducted with other family members of the cases in order to shape a clear picture of cases' personal, social and economic characteristics. Throughout the interviews, a checklist of intended variables was filled out. The study data were analyzed using Chi-square in SPSS
Results: In the present study, 106 cases [49.1% male and 50.9% female] with a mean age of 24.8???8.4 years were studied. The prevalence of suicide risk factors were 63.2% singleness, mental disorders [41.5%] with depression being the most prevalent [28.3%], conjugal conflicts [15%], drug-dependence [14.2%], family problems [12.3%], physical disorders [8.5%], unemployment [6.6%], stressful events such as loss of a close relative [6.86%], educational problems [3.8%] and divorce [2.8%]
Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, the risk factors contributing to suicide in Sabzevar, Iran may include adolescence and beginning of adulthood, mental disorders, conjugal conflicts, family problems, unemployment, educational failure, marital disagreement, having lost a close kinsman and disappointment