Laparoscopic simple nephrectomy: preliminary experience in theodor bilharz research institute

Aim: The open simple nephrectomy is associated with significant mobidity and laparoscopic nephrectomy is now becoming the standared of care in many centers. In this study we will try to evaluate the actual results of laparoscpic nephrectomy for benign renal lesions in comparison to open nephrectomy

Methods: 17 patients were divided into 2 groups in a non-randomized trial. 8 patients 5 males and 3 females, aged 19-56 underwent open simple nephrectomy. 9 patients, 3 males and 6 females, aged 16-53, underwent laparoscopic simple nephrectomy [3 retroperitoneal and 6 transperitoneal]

Results: In spite of the high conversion rate [4 out of 9 cases] the laparoscopic simple nephrectomy was superior to the open technique in terms of intraoperative complications [0 versus 2 patients who needed blood transfusion and another with pleural injury], duration of analgesia requirements [2 versus 4.5 days post operative], starting oral feeding [1 versus 3 days post operative], wound infection [0 versus 2 cases], hospital stay [3 versus 7.5 days] and time for full recovery [22 versus 40 days] The superiority of the laparoscopic simple nephrectomy in terms of analgesia requirement, post operative oral feeding, hospital stay and time for complete recovery were all statistically significant

Conclusion: In spite of this being a preliminary experience of the Urology Department started in association with the General Surgery Department in TBRI, laparoscopic simple nephrectomy was not only found to be a safe procedure but also other all parameters were in favor of the laparoscopic versus the open simple nephrectomy. The conversion rate was expectedly high but it is not until the learning curve peaks up before the true rate appear and properly judged

Nonoxynol 9 as an additive therapy in metronidazole-resistant cases of vaginal trichomoniasis

The present study was conducted on 30 female patients with rnetronidazole resistant vaginal trichomoniasis to investigate the efficacy of nonoxynol 9 [N-9], a non hormonal contraceptive with spermicidal effect, as an additive therapy to metronidazole [MNZ]. Study population were randomly divided into 3 groups according to treatment regimen: G.I: patients received high dose MNZ [2g daily for 7 days] n = 10; G. II patients received [100mg N-9 vaginal suppository daily for 7 days] n = 10; G. III: patients receiving conventional MNZ dose [1g daily for 7 days] plus [a 100mg N-9 suppository for 7 days] n = 10. Clinical and parasitological evaluation of cure was performed at return visits 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks post treatment. Negative T. vaginalis vaginal smears were ensured by direct microscopic visualization and In Pouch TV culture technique. Most of the patients were in the 30-39 years age group [60%] and burning was the most frequent symptom [96.67%]. The cure rates were 70%, 40% and 90% for Gs I, II and III respectively, while adverse effects of treatment were recorded most frequently by patients of G.I. So, MNZ resistant trichomoniasis incidence seems to be on the rise. Topical therapy alone has a low cure rate while combined oral conventional doses of MNZ and intravaginal nonoxynol 9 treatment appears to be a good clinical trial with fairly good cure rate thus, avoiding the adverse side effects of high doses MNZ therapy and T. vaginalis health hazards potentiality

[Prolene mesh, the way to a perfect repair of recurrent inguinal hernia]

This study included thirty patients suffering from recurrent inguinal hernia. Hernioplasty was done in all patients using prolene mesh. The technique of fixation of the MeSH is the corner stone. Dissection of inguinal ligament, conjoint tendon or medial edges of internal oblique and transverses abdominis muscles internal inguinal ring and fascia transversalis around it is mandatory. After herniotomy narrowing of the internal ring, fixation of the MeSH to the internal oblique, inguinal ligament and public bone was done. The MeSH is precut a keyhole for passage of the cord. Closure of the hole around the cord is essential. Three cases showed recurrence during the period of follow up, two of them showed recurrence due to absence of narrowing of the deep ring and the third due to heavy infection. However, 27 patients showed perfect results

Studies on enteric red mouth disease [ERM] among freshwater fish

Six isolates of Yersinia ruckeri [Y. ruckeri], the aetiological agent of Enteric Red Mouth [ERM] disease were recovered from healthy and septicaemic Oreochromis niloticus [O.niloticus] fish collected from River Nile at Giza Governorate. The isolate No. 2 was the most pathogenic strain of the six isolates, causing high mortality percent among the experimentally infected fish under different stress conditions, namely overcrowdness, external parasitism and transportation with mortality rates of 83%, 70% and 60% in O. niloticus respectively. The mortality rate was 100% in intraperitoneally inoculated O. niloticus and Clarias lazera [C. lazera], while it was 40% in subcutaneously inoculated C. lazera. The main recorded clinical signs in experimentally infected fishes were general septicemia and redness of the eyes. The in-vitro antibiotic sensitivity test for Y. ruckeri isolates revealed their high sensitivity to oxytetracycline

Synthesis of certain period [1,2-c] pyramid [5,4-e] pyrimidines of expected pharmacological interest

Five series of the titled nucleus were prepared. Enaminonitrile I reacted with oxalyl chloride and chloroacetyl chloride to afford the tricyclic compounds II and III, respectively. II reacted with various alcohols to give the corresponding ester, also III reacted with various amines to yield the corresponding compounds. The anti-inflammatory effect of some members showed significant results as compared with Diclofenac. Another derivatives were found to inhibit 50% of the histamine induced contraction of guinea pig ileum. It is worth mentioning that the animals treated with the test substances were more quiet and less aggressive than the control

Illustration problems

The following points are emphasised: a] Use only impeccable originals to produce illustrations; b] Concentrate on the part of the original that is the focus of information and take a closeup picture of it; c] Line drawings are recommended they are clear, easy to make, reproduce accurately, can have more than one colour, cost less; d] Photographic illustrations should be on glossy paper; e] Discard unnecessary illustrations; f] At present in the EOJ colour photographic and radiographic illustrations reproduce better than black-and white ones, but cost more; g] Accurately trim the edges; h] Size recommended: 6 x 9 to 9 x 12cm; i] Use indoarabic numerals to number illustrations; j] All illustrations must be referred to in the text; k] An explanatory legend for each illustration is mandatory; l] Provide one mounted set of illustrations and two sets unmounted; m] Mark them for identification of the author, article and figure number; n] Always collaborate with a professional illustrator

Enteropathogenic ascherichia coli in raw market and farm milks

One hundred samples [50 each] of market raw milk and farm milk, collected from different localities in Cairo and Giza, were bacteriologicaly examined for detection, isolation and identification of coliform organisms. All examined samples of market raw and farm milk pro vied to be contaminated with colfiorms, with a mean value [MPN/ml] of 43.82 x 10[11] and 80.63 x 10[9] respectively. Escherichia coli could be isolated from 22% and 10% of examined samples of market raw and farm milk respectively. Entrobacter cloacae, Ent. Agglomerans, Ent, aerogenes, Ent. Sakazakii, Citrobacter freundit, cit. dversus, Cit. amalonaticus, klebsiella oxytoca, K.pneumoiae, K.ozoenae and K. rhinoscleromatis could be isolated at varying percentages serological typing of isolated E.coli strains, revealed identification of 12 strains belonging to five different serotyging to five different serotypes: [0]128: k67: [B]12, [0]125: [K]70: B[15], [0]112:, B]11, [0]111: [K]58: [B]4 and [0]78: [K]80: B'. The public health importance and economic significance of existing microorganisms as well as the suggested measures for improving milk quality have been discussed

Proper sex identification through cytogenetic study

The present study is an attempt to specify the genetic sex of a patient who presented with misleading signs of sex. This patient had a feminine distribution of body fat and body hairs, but had no sexual interests. However he had a rudimentary infantile penis, a very small prostate, and nonpalpable testes in the scrotum or the inguinal canal. Serum testosterone was less while serum luteinising hormone and follicle stimulating hormone were higher than the normal level. Cytogenetic investigations proved that he was sex chromatin negative and had 46 chromosomes per cell nucleus with XY as a sex chromosome constitution. Therefore he was classified as a male with hypogonadism of the primary type

rate of sister chromatid exchanges among females from the local environment

Sister chromatid exchanges were studied in cultured lymphocytes from ten normal healthy females. 5-bromodeoxyuridine was added at a final concentration of 30 ug/ml at the beginning of the culture time. Hoechst-Giemsa technique was used in the chromosomal preparations. The mean of SCE frequency was 4.01/metaphase +/- 1.34 and a range of 0-18. The present study revealed the predominance of exchanges between sister chromatids among chromosomes of groups A, B and C

Comparative cytopathological vaginal and cervical smear study between London and Alexandria female population

Study was made on 10.000 cases attending out patient and family planning clinics at middle sex hospital in London and 12.424 cases from Dar Ismail and Chatby Maternity hospitals in Alexandria. The mean age group of patients attending the study was 29.9 years in London and 31 years in Alexandria and mean parity reached 0.5 child in London and 2.9 child in Alexandria. Use of contraceptive methods reached 58.80% [5880 cases] in London, while it reached only 24% in Alexandria [2919 cases]. The use of pills in London population was double that in Alexandria population, while the use of I.U.D. in Alexandria population exceeded slightly that of London [only by 1.55%]. Dysplasia was detected in 3.2% in London group while it was detected only in 0.6% among Alexandria group. Carcinoma in situ was detected in 0.22% [22 cases] in London group and in only 0.016% [2 cases] in Alexandria group, while invasive squamous cell carcinoma could be diagnosed in only 2 cases [0.02%] in London group in comparison to Alexandria where 30 cases [0.25%] could be detected. One case of invasive adenocarcinoma was detected in London group and the diagnosis was confirmed in 3 cases [0.2%] in Alexandria group. Results were compared and different aetiological factors discussed

importance histopathology in the diagnosis of monoarticular rheumatoid arthritis

A clinicopathological study for patients diagnosed primarily as rheumatoid arthritis. It included 44 synovial biopsies all taken from the knee joint. All patients were subjected to full clinical, laboratory and radiological examination. The histopathological findings were not uniform, classifying those with similar findings together, two groups were found. Group [A] which included 32 specimens and was found in patients having the disease for more than ten months. Group [B] included 12 specimens and was found in patients having the disease for a period less than ten months. It was concluded that the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis on clinical grounds alone could be difficult particularly in early and monoarticular cases. In such cases pathological examination will settle the problem by confirming the diagnosis and giving a clue on the duration of the disease in the affected joint