[Effect of prenatal Morphine exposure on the Basal Ganglia development in rat embryo]

Investigations has showed that prenatal exposure to Morphine causes drug dependency and behavioral complications in new born rats. In this study effect of prenatal Morphine on the deveopment of basal ganglia in rat embryos is investigated. In this experimental study 36 female rats with body weight between 250-300 grams were selected. After crossing with male rats they were divided into six groups of 12 days control-Morphine, 14 days control-Morphin and 17 days control-Morphine groups. Morphine groups received 0.01mg/ml Morphine through their drinking water until the 12, 14 and 17[th] day of pregnancy [20 ml each rat]. Then rats were anesthetized and embryos were taken out and fixed. Their body weight and crown-rump length were measured. Then 5 micrometers sections were provided and stained using H and E method which were then evaluated using mutic program. Body weight and length of embryos were reduced significantly in the 12 and 14[th] day of Morphine group rats in compare to their controls. The significant reducation of Basal Ganglia thickness was also found in all Morphine groups compared to their controls. Results showed that prenatal Morphine exposure may cause impairment in change development of Basal Ganglia

Outcomes of Phacoemulsification in Eyes with and without Pseudoexfoliation

To evaluate the incidence of pseudoexfoliation syndrome [XFS] in patients with senile cataract who were scheduled for phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation [PE + IOL] and to compare the outcomes of PE+IOL between eyes with and without XFS. We retrospectively reviewed 2200 eyes with cataract undergoing PE + IOL. All procedures were performed by a single surgeon [M.A.J] at a private clinic. Patients with XFS were considered as the case group and age and sex matched patients without XFS were selected as controls. The incidence of XFS was 4.1% [90 eyes]. Mean age was 71.8 +/- 7.1 and 70.7 +/- 6.7 years in the case and control groups, respectively. XFS was unilateral in 60% of the cases. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus [DM] and diabetic retinopathy [DR] was 31.1%, 6.7% and 0% in the XFS group vs 42.9%, 26.6% and 5.2% in the control group, respectively [P< 0.05]. Glaucoma was present in 25.6% of the XFS group and 6.5% of the control group [P<0.0001]. Vitreous loss occurred in one eye in each group; only one eye had zonular dehiscence in the XFS group. Iris stretching was performed during surgery in 11.1% in the XFS group and 1.9% in the control group [P<0.0001]. Anterior capsule contraction occurred in 9.1% of the XFS group vs 0% in the control group [P=0.007]. PE + IOL in patients with XFS is as safe and effective as pure senile cataract. The incidence of DM and DR is significantly lower in XFS