ABSTRACT
To evaluate the effect of trans-scleral cyclophotocoagulation [TSCPC] in reducing intraocular pressure in eyes with history of pars plana vitrectomy with or without intraocular silicone oil and refractory to medical treatment. Medical records of 35 eyes of 35 patients who underwent TSCPC for medically uncontrolled glaucoma after pars plana vitrectomy for retinal pathology were reviewed retrospectively. Diode laser contact TSCPC was performed at a power of 1-3 watt, for a duration of 2 seconds and with 15-30 applications. Intraocular pressure, visual acuity, number of previous operations, number of medications, number of treatment sessions per eye. Laser parameters and complications were evaluated. After a mean follow-up period of 13.31 +/- 4 [range 6-60] months, mean IOP was decreased from 33.46 +/- 9.80 [12-38] mmHg before surgery to 16.57 +/- 8.21 [2-46] mmHg after TSCPC [P<0.001]. The number of anti-glaucoma medications was reduced from 2.60 +/- 1.09 preoperatively to 1.31 +/- 0.99 at final follow up [P<0.001]. Qualified success and complete success were achieved in 29 [83%] and 9 eyes [20%], respectively. Patients with medically uncontrolled intraocular pressure following to pars plana vitrectomy with or without intravitreal silicone oil can be treated successfully with TSCPC
ABSTRACT
Retinopathy of prematurity [ROP] adversely affects normal ocular vascularization in premature infants. It can be mild with no visual consequences, or may become aggressive with new vessel formation and even progress to retinal detachment and blindness. Modern treatment can prevent blindness due to neovascularization but uncorrected refractive errors may lead to amblyopia. In this retrospective case series, we evaluated data of 796 premature infants [gestational age 25 to 34 weeks and birth weight 600 to 1800 grams] who were at risk of ROP. Patients with progressive ROP underwent laser therapy and were followed for at least one year to detect any degree of refractive errors. ROP was observed in 134 infants [16.8%], of whom 70 patients [52.6%] cured spontaneously while 56 patients [111 eyes, 41.4%] with progressive disease underwent laser therapy. Overall 47 patients [92 eyes] were followed for at least one year. Out of 92 eyes, 45 eyes [49.4%] developed myopia, 33 eyes [36.2%] had mild hyperopia, 10 eyes [10.8%] showed higher degrees of hyperopia, and 3 eyes were emmetropic. An important challenge in ROP after laser therapy is some follow up to prevent amblyopia due to refractive errors especially myopia
ABSTRACT
To evaluated the correlation between intracranial pressure [ICP] and intraocular pressure [IOP]. This interventional case series included 90 patients undergoing lumbar puncture [LP] for neurologist evaluation. IOP was measured before and 1 hour after the LP by using Goldmann tonometer. Patients were compared into two groups: patients with normal ICP [<20 cmH2O] and patients with high ICP [>/=20 cmH2O]. Patients included 29 male and 61 female subjects with mean age of 32.9 +/- 11.4 [range 13-62] years. Thirty-three patients had normal ICP and 57 patients had high ICP. There was a significant correlation between ICP and IOP such that 71.9% of the high ICP group had high IOP [>/=21 mmHg] and 28.1% of them had normal IOP [P<0.001]. Significant decrease in IOP occurred after LP in the high ICP group [P< 0.001]. It seems that there is a significant correlation between IOP and ICP
ABSTRACT
To evaluate the correlation between retinal nerve fiber layer [NFL] thickness and visual field parameters in patients with optic atrophy. This study was performed on 35 eyes of 28 patients with optic atrophy. NFL thickness was measured by optic coherence tomography [OCT] and visual field analysis was performed by Humphrey perimetry. The correlation between NFL thickness and visual field parameters was evaluated. Mean NFL thickness was 44.9 +/- 27.5 micro which was significantly correlated with mean deviation of perimetry [r=0.493, P=0.003]; however, no significant difference was found between quadrant NFL thickness and corresponding visual field pattern standard deviation. No significant correlation was found between visual acuity and NLF thickness. Similar to visual field, OCT can be used as an objective diagnostic tool in optic atrophy suspected patients
ABSTRACT
To develop strategic planning for ophthalmology education in Iran from 2008 to 2010. A qualitative investigation using focus group discussion was conducted during March, 2008 at the Ophthalmic Research Center of Shahid Beheshti University. Six to ten academic members of the ophthalmology department and other stakeholders participated in this study. Strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to ophthalmology education in Iran were analyzed. Strategic goals for education, research, and health service providing domains were evaluated. Educational goals were defined as the training of human resources in accordance with community needs at the level of general practitioner, specialist, and fellowships in ophthalmology. Research goals of the program were defined as scientific inter-departmental and international communications, in order to promote the level of education, research and treatment in the country. Also, in the field of health services and according to community needs, providing services by means of advanced and costeffective methods were defined as strategic objectives. Results of this study underscore the necessity for supporting of health decision makers in Iran
ABSTRACT
To determine normal values of standard full field electroretinography [ERG] and to evaluate variation with age in an Iranian population. The amplitudes and implicit times of ERGs from 170 normal subjects aged 1 to 80 years were recorded according to the International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision. Study participants included clients for spectacles, other patients' attendants and personnel of the hospital. Light-adapted ERG including single-white flash, 30-Hz flicker as well as dark-adapted ERG including rod, maximal darkadapted and cone responses were compiled. There were no significant differences between men and women, or between right and left eye in terms of amplitude or implicit times of ERG. An increase in amplitude and implicit time was observed in 70-80 year-old subjects as compared to younger individuals [P=0.04 and P=0.03, respectively]. ERG records are significantly diminished with advanced age. Our results are a suitable reference for evaluation of standard ERG responses
ABSTRACT
To report a case of butterfly-shaped macular dystrophy. A 34-year-old woman presented with metamorphopsia in both eyes from 2 years ago. Visual acuity was 9/10 in right eye and 10/10 in left eye. There was no pathologic finding on slit lamp biomicroscopy and funduscopy other than mild macular retinal pigment epithelium mottling. Visual fields and electroretinogram were normal but electrooculogram showed sub-normal results. Fluorescein angiography showed black, non-fluorescent butterfly-shaped macular structures. Butterfly-shaped macular dystrophy occurs in middle aged subjects and presents with mild visual loss and metamorphopsia. It is slowly progressive and leads to marked visual acuity reduction in older ages. Considering the paucity of clinical findings, fluorescein angiography and/ or electrophysiological tests are recommended for making a correct diagnosis