ABSTRACT
Abstract INTRODUCTION: The increase in the prevalence of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in hospital settings has rapidly emerged worldwide as a serious health problem. METHODS: This review synthetizes the epidemiology of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii, highlighting resistance mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding the genetic mechanisms of resistance as well as the associated risk factors is critical to develop and implement adequate measures to control and prevent acquisition of nosocomial infections, especially in an intensive care unit setting.
Subject(s)
Humans , Acinetobacter Infections/drug therapy , Acinetobacter Infections/epidemiology , Cross Infection/drug therapy , Cross Infection/epidemiology , Acinetobacter baumannii , Disease Outbreaks , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Delivery of Health Care , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Abstract INTRODUCTION: Plant products are sources for drug development against multidrug resistant bacteria. METHODS The antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil (OVeo) against carbapenem-resistant strains was assessed by disk-diffusion, microdilution (REMA-Resazurin Microtiter Assay), and time kill assays. RESULTS Carbapenemase production was confirmed for all strains. OVeo exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration of 0.059% v/v for Klebsiella pneumoniae and Serratia marcescens, and of 0.015 % v/v for Acinetobacter baumannii. A decrease in cell count was observed after a 4 h treatment. CONCLUSIONS OVeo antimicrobial effect was rapid and consistent, making it a candidate for developing alternative therapeutic options against carbapenem-resistant strains.
Subject(s)
Humans , Serratia marcescens/drug effects , Oils, Volatile/pharmacology , Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects , Origanum/chemistry , Gram-Negative Bacteria/drug effects , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Serratia marcescens/growth & development , Bacterial Proteins , beta-Lactamases , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Carbapenems/pharmacology , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Acinetobacter baumannii/growth & development , Gram-Negative Bacteria/growth & development , Klebsiella pneumoniae/growth & development , Anti-Bacterial Agents/classificationABSTRACT
Abstract: Metallo-beta-lactamase production is an important mechanism for carbapenem resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa , which represents an emerging public health challenge. We report the case of a patient admitted to an intensive care unit, with sepsis caused by multidrug-resistant São Paulo Metallo-beta-lactamase-1-producing P. aeruginosa . This is the first case of infection by this pathogenic strain in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Thus, infection control measures are required for preventing future spread and outbreaks.