ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: The objective of this study is to study association between testosterone and diabetes in Kashmiri males. Subjects and methods: A total of 300 males with Type 2 diabetes visited an outpatient and inpatient clinic at Shri Maharaja Hari Singh (SMHS) hospital, Srinagar, J&K India. The blood sugar and HbA1c, which are the markers of diabetes, and sérum testosterone levels were measured. The blood samples from both the cases and controls were collected. Results: Out of 300 subjects, 42% had a testosterone deficiency. A relationship between type 2 diabetic males and healthy males was observed, and testosterone levels were determined to be significantly lower among diabetic males (p < 0.001) when compared to healthy males. Then, we compared diabetic markers among testosterone deficient and normal testosterone level groups; the mean fasting plasma glucose (p = 0.0019) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c; p = 0.0449) levels were significantly higher in the testosterone deficient group than in the control group. To elucidate the relationship between the serum total testosterone level and fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c values, Pearson's correlation test was performed. Fasting plasma glucose levels (r = −0.252, p = 0.001) and HbA1c values (r = −0.697, p = 0.001) showed a significant negative correlation with serum testosterone levels among diabetic males. Conclusions: This study shows that diabetes causes low testosterone levels among males, and lower testosterone levels can act as a marker for diabetes. Thus, with timely intervention, mortality and co-morbidity associated with diabetes can be prevented.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Testosterone , Blood Glucose , Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis , IndiaABSTRACT
Introduction: Worldwide, cancer has become a public healthproblem and one of the leading causes of death. Gastric cancerdevelops in stomach and may spread to other parts of the body,particularly the liver, lungs, bones, lining of the abdomen andlymph nodes. Kashmir is a high prevalence zone of stomachcancer. Incidence of gastric cancer in Kashmir has beenreported to exceed 40% of all cancers and the incidence is 3 to6 times higher than that at various metropolis cancer registriesin India. Hence, the aim of the present study was to assess theserum lipid levels of the gastric cancer patients in Kashmir.Material and Methods: This study was conducted inDepartment of Biochemistry Govt. Medical College, Srinagaron sixty patients diagnosed with gastric carcinoma andadmitted in Shri. Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital. Venous bloodsamples were collected in green top tubes and were transportedto the laboratory and the samples were centrifuged at 3000rpm for 10 minutes and serum was separated for the estimationof Lipid profile. Each sample was processed on the sameday of its collection and was analyzed for total cholesterol,triglycerides, HDL-Cholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol.Results: The mean total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDLCholesterol and LDL-Cholesterol levels were found to be157.14 mg/dl, 136.85 mg/dl, 38.96 mg/dl and 91.52 mg/dlrespectively. The level of total cholesterol ranged from 90 to212 mg/dl while the level of triglyceride ranges between 77 to291 mg/dl and that of HDL-Cholesterol from 28 to 70mg/dland LDL-Cholesterol from 35-140 mg/dl.Conclusion: The serum triglycerides, total cholesterol andLDL-cholesterol levels fall in the normal reference range ingastric cancer patients while the mean HDL-cholesterol levelis slightly lower than the normal reference range.