ABSTRACT
Postpartum blues is a major risk factor for the incidence of postpartum depression and disruption of breastfeeding. This semi-experimental study investigated the effect of breastfeeding training based on the BASNEF model on severity of postpartum blues in 2012. Four educational sessions based on the BASNEF model were held separately for pregnant women and their mothers, mothers-in-law and spouses. The control group received routine care at the clinic. After delivery, women's knowledge of and attitude towards postpartum blues were evaluated using the Zung Self Rating Depression Scale. There were significant differences between the groups regarding mean scores of knowledge, mothers' evaluation of behaviour outcomes, attitude, and enabling factors. Also, the mean score for postpartum blues was significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group. In conclusion, training based on the BASNEF model had a positive effect on maternal knowledge and attitude and, consequently, the intensity of postpartum blues. Further studies are required to determine the reliability and effectiveness of this method
ABSTRACT
Background: It seems we are now experiencing [responsibility problems] among medical trainees [MTs] and some of those recently graduated from medical schools in Iran. Training responsible professionals have always been one of the main concerns of medical educators. Nevertheless, there is a dearth of research in the literature on [responsibility] especially from the medical education point of view. Therefore, the present study was carried out with the aim of presenting a theoretical based framework for understanding how MTs approach their responsibilities in educational settings
Method: This qualitative study was conducted at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences [SUMS] using the grounded theory methodology. 15 MTs and 10 clinical experts and professional nurses were purposefully chosen as participants. Data was analyzed using the methodology suggested by Corbin and Strauss, 1998
Results: [Try to find acceptance toward expectations], [try to be committed to meet the expectations] and [try to cope with unacceptable expectations] were three main categories extracted based on the research data. Abstractly, the main objective for using these processes was [to preserve the integrity of student identity] which was the core category of this research too. Moreover, it was also found that practically, [responsibility] is considerably influenced by lots of positive and negative contextual and intervening conditions
Conclusion: [Acceptance] was the most decisive variable highly effective in MTs' responsibility. Therefore, investigating the [process of acceptance] regarding the involved contextual and intervening conditions might help medical educators correctly identify and effectively control negative factors and reinforce the constructive ones that affect the concept of responsibility in MTs
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The concept of family-centered care in neonatal intensive care unit has changed drastically in protracted years and has been used in various contexts differently. Since we require clarity in our understanding, we aimed to analyze this concept. This study was done on the basis of developmental approach of Rodgers's concept analysis. We reviewed the existing literature in Science direct, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Iran Medex databases from 1980 to 2012. The keywords were family-centered care, family-oriented care, and neonatal intensive care unit. After all, 59 out of 244 English and Persian articles and books [more than 20%] were selected. The attributes of family-centered care in neonatal intensive care unit were recognized as care taking of family [assessment of family and its needs, providing family needs], equal family participation [participation in care planning, decision making, and providing care from routine to special ones], collaboration [inter-professional collaboration with family, family involvement in regulating and implementing care plans], regarding family's respect and dignity [importance of families' differences, recognizing families' tendencies], and knowledge transformation [information sharing between healthcare workers and family, complete information sharing according to family learning style]. Besides, the recognized antecedents were professional and management-organizational factors. Finally, the consequences included benefits related to neonate, family, and organization. The findings revealed that family centered-care was a comprehensive and holistic caring approach in neonatal intensive care. Therefore, it is highly recommended to change the current care approach and philosophy and provide facilities for conducting family-centered care in neonatal intensive care unit
Subject(s)
Humans , Intensive Care Units, Neonatal , FamilyABSTRACT
Objective [s]: With the ever-growing increase of knowledge in today's global society, teachers now feel it is necessary to train students to become reflective thinkers. This issue is particularly important for nursing students who are responsible for taking care of patients
Method: Forty-two nursing students voluntarily participated in this study. After explaining the aims of the study to the participants, they took part in the clinical skills test. They were divided into two equal case and control groups. The control group took part in routine clinical programs and the cases participated in routine clinical programs plus an interventional program. They were asked to reflect on their clinical experiences for the last 12 weeks of their clinical course and take part in the clinical skills test again. Baseline and post-test data were compared among two groups
Results: The results confirmed the role of reflection on clinical competency, and the two groups were different with respect to learning clinical skills
Conclusion: The findings suggest that clinical skills test should be implemented in the nursing curriculum in Iran as one of the necessary criteria for competency
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Regular physical activity contributes positively to physiological and psychological health. This study aimed to identify exercise behavior changes, self efficacy and decisional balance in nursing and midwifery students. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Iran. All undergraduate nursing and midwifery students [n=300] participated in this study. Data were collected using a standard questionnaire developed by Wakui including demographic information, exercise stages of change [using a 5-item, dichotomous [Yes/No] scale], exercise self efficacy [5 item using Likert scale] and exercise decisional balance [12 item using Likert scale]. Validity and reliability was checked by the panel of experts and test retest correlation, respectively. Descriptive statistics [frequency and percentage] and analytical tests [Correlation, independent t-test, one way ANOVA] were used for analysis. In total, 41 subjects were males [13.6%] and 259 females [86.3%]. According to the results, 23.3% of the students were in pre-contemplation, 29% in contemplation, 32.6% in preparation, 7.3% in action and 7.3% in maintenance stages of changes in exercise behaviors. Significant differences were found in the individual efficacy scores, pros and cons of decisional balance in different stages of changes of exercise behavior. Significant differences were found between the pre-contemplation and other groups by post-hoc follow up test [P>0.05]. No significant differences were found between nursing and midwifery students in SECQ scores and also between academic year, and self efficacy and pros and cons of decisional balance scores [P>0.05]. This study showed that a large number of nursing and midwifery students were in the inactive stage. So, exploring effective strategies for directing students from inactive to active stage and motivating them to follow the appropriate exercise behavior seem to be necessary
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Osteoporosis is one of the consequences of chronic diseases such as nephrotic syndrome in adolescents, especially in those undergoing glucocorticoid therapies. The present study aimed to determine and compare the effect of education by peers and health personnel on the prevention of Osteoporosis in the adolescents with nephrotic syndrome. The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 54 adolescents with nephrotic syndrome who were randomly divided into two groups of peers and health personnel. The Osteoporosis education program was based on the health belief model. Two questionnaires were completed by the patients to assess their knowledge and health beliefs regarding Osteoporosis before, immediately after, and 1 month after the educational intervention. The data were analyzed by SPSS-15 using independent and paired t-test and RMANOVA. The mean score of knowledge and health beliefs was significantly increased in both groups immediately after the intervention [P>0.05]. However, the scores declined in both groups with a significant decrease in some parts one month after the intervention. No significant difference was found between the peers and health personnel regarding Osteoporosis knowledge and health beliefs [P>0.05]. The results of the present study revealed the significant effect of education, carried out by both peers and health personnel, on the Osteoporosis knowledge and health beliefs. Also, peer education was a cost- effective and feasible method for increasing the adolescents' Osteoporosis knowledge and health beliefs
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Life-threatening and stressful events, such as myocardial infarction [MI] can lead to an actual crisis, which affects the patients spiritually as well as physically, psychologically, and socially. However, the focus of health care providers is on physical needs. Furthermore, the spirituality of the patients experiencing heart attack in the light of our cultural context is not well addressed in the literature. This study is aimed at exploring the spiritual experiences of the survivors of the MI. In this qualitative research a grounded theory approach was used. Key informants were 9 MI patients hospitalized in the coronary care units of 3 hospitals in Shiraz. In addition, 7 nurses participated in the study. In-depth interviews and a focus group were used to generate data. Data analysis was done based on Strauss and Corbin method. Constant comparison analysis was performed until data saturation. Five main categories emerged from the data, including perceived threat, seeking spiritual support, referring to religious values, increasing faith, and realization. The latter with its 3 subcategories was recognized as core category and represents a deep understanding beyond knowing. At the time of encountering MI, spirituality provided hope, strength, and peace for the participants. Based on the results we can conclude that connecting to God, religious values, and interconnectedness to others are the essential components of the participants' spiritual experience during the occurrence of MI. Spirituality helps patients to overcome this stressful life-threatening situation.
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Introduction: Evaluating nurses' clinical competencies is of special importance in managing care process and determining their educational needs. The objective of this study was to compare the clinical competencies and clinical skills application by nurses in two hospitals affiliated to Boushehr and Shiraz Medical Universities
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the clinical competencies of all 266 nurses employed in two main hospitals of Boushehr and Shiraz medical universities and volunteered for participation in the study were compared. A questionnaire containing 73 nursing skills in seven domains of clinical competencies was used to investigate the level of nurses' clinical competencies through Visual Analogue Scale [0 to 100] and their clinical skills application via a 4 degree Lickert Scale. Data was analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, and Pearson Correlation Coefficient
Results: Having a mean score of 87.03 +/- 10.03, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences' nurses enjoyed higher level of clinical competencies compared to the mean score of 71.07 +/- 13.66 achieved by those in the hospital affiliated to Boushehr University of Medical Sciences. Moreover, 70 percent of clinical skills are recurrently exploited by nurses employed in Boushehr while this rate is more than 83 percent in the hospital affiliated to Shiraz Medical University
Conclusion: The level of clinical competencies and the extent to which nursing skills are employed by nurses is dissimilar in these two hospitals. Educational needs assessment for nurses and modification of health care quality in different hospitals is recommended to be investigated