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1.
Acta cir. bras ; 28(9): 641-645, Sept. 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-684437

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of chlorhexidine on the formation of adhesions and dilation of the colon at the oral end of anastomosis in the presence of peritonitis. METHODS: Peritonitis was induced in male Wistar rats by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Abdominal cavities were irrigated with tepid solutions containing 0.9% saline (SAL group; n=8) or 0.05% chlorhexidine (CHD group; n=8), after which colon anastomoses were performed. Control rats (n=8) were submitted to colon anastomoses but not to CLP. Animals were euthanised seven days after surgery and the incidence of adhesions, the degree of dilation of colon loops and an index were calculated to determine variables correlation. RESULTS: No animals exhibited macroscopic signs of residual peritonitis or abdominal abscesses. Adhesions were observed in 75% of control and 100% of SAL and CHD animals. Dilation of intestinal loops at the oral end of anastomosis was observed in control (50%), SAL (57.2%) and CHD (66.7%) animals. The calculated index was 1.25 in group A; 1.86 in group B; and 2.0 group C. CONCLUSION: Chlorhexidine promoted stronger adhesions and a greater dilatation of colonic loops than control group.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Anti-Infective Agents, Local/pharmacology , Chlorhexidine/pharmacology , Colon/drug effects , Colon/surgery , Peritonitis/surgery , Anastomosis, Surgical , Disease Models, Animal , Ligation , Postoperative Complications , Peritonitis/chemically induced , Rats, Wistar , Reference Values , Severity of Illness Index , Tissue Adhesions/chemically induced , Tissue Adhesions/pathology
2.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 22(2)jun. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-684752

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o sildenafil pertence a uma classe relativamente nova de medicamentos, cujo mecanismo de ação ocorre por inibição da fosfodiesterase-5, que é responsável pela degradação intracelular da guanosina monofosfato cíclica (GMPc). A GMPc promove vasodilatação, alteração no perfil de granulação plaquetária e angiogênese. Nesse contexto, seus efeitos vasoativos podem aumentar o fluxo sanguíneo de retalhos, melhorando a sua viabilidade. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a viabilidade de retalhos cutâneos de ratos à McFarlane após a administração de sildenafil pela via intraperitoneal. Métodos: 20 ratos Wistar foram distribuídos em dois grupos - controle (confecção do retalho cutâneo dorsal, aplicação intraperitoneal de solução salina a 0,9%) e estudo (confecção do retalho cutâneo dorsal, aplicação intraperitoneal de sildenafil). Sete dias após a operação, os retalhos foram fotografados e representados graficamente, para serem analisados com o programa AutoCad. Três biópsias (cranial, média e caudal) foram coletadas de cada retalho, para análise histológica. Resultados: à análise macroscópica, o uso do sildenafil pela via intraperitoneal esteve associado à maior contração tecidual (p=0,019). O estudo histológico evidenciou menos granulação associada a polimorfonucleares no terço distal dos retalhos (p=0,001) e mais necrose interpondo os locais de granulação no terço médio dos retalhos (p=0,011). Conclusão: o sildenafil intraperitoneal não se mostrou eficaz para melhorar a viabilidade de retalhos à McFarlane em ratos. Outros estudos talvez possam esclarecer o seu mecanismo de ação para a contração tecidual.


Sildenafil belong to a relatively new class of drugs. Its mechanism of action consists of inhibiting phosphodiesterase-5, which is responsible for the intracellular degradation of cyclic monophosphate guanosine (CMPG). CMPG leads to vasodilation, platelet granulation change, and angiogenesis. CMPG vasoactive effects can increase the blood flows of the flaps, improving their viability. This study aims to assess the viability of McFarland skin flaps after intraperitoneal sildenafil administration. Methods: In total, 20 Wistar mice were distributed in two groups: control (production of dorsal skin flap, intraperitoneal applicatdion of 0.9 % salt solution), and study (production of dorsal skin flap with intraperitoneal application of sildenafil). Skin flaps were photographed seven days after operation and represented graphically with a view to AutoCad-based analysis. Three biopsies (cranial, middle, and caudal) were collected for histological analysis of each flap. Results The macroscopic analysis showed that intraperitoneal application of sildenafil was associated with stronger tissue contraction (p=0.019). The histological study showed less granulation associated with polymorphonuclears in the distal third of the flaps (p=0.001) and more necrosis in granulation sites in the middle third of the flaps (p=0.011). Conclusion: The intraperitoneal application of sildenafil was not effective in improving the viability of McFarlane skin flaps in mice. Other studies may shed light into its mechanism of action for tissue contraction.


Subject(s)
Animals , Rats , Wound Healing , Guanosine Monophosphate/therapeutic use , Surgical Flaps/blood supply , Rats, Wistar
3.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 22(1)jan.-mar. 2012.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-676589

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: chamar a atenção para a necessidade de busca ativa que possibilite a identificação de crianças ainda na idade escolar que já apresentem riscos de transgressão, a partir do relato de dois casos. Métodos: no ano de 2009, todas as crianças entre oito e 12 anos atendidas no Projeto Social Conviver no Carmo foram avaliadas pelos alunos de Medicina da UFMG. As crianças eram levadas à consulta médica e atendidas individualmente ou em grupo de três. Foram identificadas algumas com problemas sociais graves e até já iniciando atividades contraventoras. A abordagem das crianças envolveu acompanhamento multidisciplinar: médico, psicológico e com assistente social, além das ações afirmativas (esportes, música, dança, artes). Resultados: a partir da análise do discurso dos pacientes antes e depois da abordagem observou-se que houve mudança da perspectiva de vida, planejamentos para o futuro e comportamento social adequado dos indivíduos abordados. Conclusões: este trabalho demonstra a necessidade e a eficácia de ações voltadas para a criança e o adolescente na idade escolar, especificamente na faixa etária entre oito e 13 anos. Ressalta também a importância de busca ativa por esses jovens em situações de risco social e sugere mais eficácia da intervenção quando realizada precocemente, ao início da adolescência.


Objective: To introduce two case reports to draw the attention to the need of proactively seeking out school-age children that are prone to commit future transgressions. Methods: In 2009 UFMG medicine students assessed all children aging from 8 to 12 years that attended the Social Project ?Conviver?. Children were scheduled medical appointmentsand assessed individually or in groups of three. Some were diagnosed with serious social problems and some had already committed infractions. Children were followed up through a multidisciplinary approach: medical, psychological, and social work, as well as affirmative actions (sports, music, dance, arts). Results: The analysis of patients? discourse before and after intervention pointed to change of perspective of life, development of future plans, and adequate social behavior. Conclusions: This case report shows the need and efficiency of actions aimed at school-age children and teenagers (more specifically those aging from 8 to 13 years). It also points to the importance of proactively seeking out children living at social risk and suggests that intervention tends to be more effective when carried out early in adolescence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adolescent, Institutionalized/psychology , Adolescent Behavior , Juvenile Delinquency/psychology
4.
Acta cir. bras ; 26(4): 314-319, July-Aug. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-594353

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To assess the viability of McFarlane skin flaps in rats with administration of sildenafil. METHODS: Twenty Wistar rats were distributed into two groups: Control (dorsal skin flap, subdermal application of saline solution at 0.9 percent) and Study (dorsal skin flap, subdermal application of sildenafil). Seven days after the surgery, flaps were photographed and graphically rendered. Then, they were analyzed with AutoCAD software. Three biopsies (proximal, medial and distal) of each flap were collected for histological analysis. RESULTS: Macroscopic analysis showed that animals of the study group had greater necrotic areas (p=0.003) in the dorsal skin flaps. Additionally, histological analysis of the distal third of these flaps showed a tendency to less granulated tissue formation in animals treated with sildenafil. CONCLUSION: Sildenafil subdermally was associated with lower viability of the random skin flap in rats.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a viabilidade de retalhos cutâneos de ratos à McFarlane após a administração de sildenafil. MÉTODOS: Vinte ratos Wistar foram distribuídos em dois grupos: Controle (confecção do retalho cutâneo dorsal, aplicação subdérmica de solução salina a 0,9 por cento) e Estudo (confecção do retalho cutâneo dorsal, aplicação subdérmica de sildenafil). Sete dias após a operação, os retalhos foram fotografados e representados graficamente, para serem analisados com o programa AutoCad. Três biópsias (cranial, média e caudal) foram coletadas de cada retalho, para análise histológica. RESULTADOS: A análise macroscópica evidenciou que os animais do grupo Estudo apresentaram maiores áreas de necrose (p=0,003) nos retalhos cutâneos dorsais. Além disso, a análise histológica dos terços distais dos retalhos mostrou uma tendência à formação de menos tecido de granulação nos animais que receberam o sildenafil. CONCLUSÃO: O sildenafil subdérmico esteve associado com uma pior viabilidade tecidual dos retalhos cutâneos dorsais de ratos.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , /pharmacology , Piperazines/pharmacology , Skin/drug effects , Sulfones/pharmacology , Surgical Flaps/pathology , Tissue Survival/drug effects , Biopsy , Necrosis/pathology , Purines/pharmacology , Rats, Wistar , Skin/pathology , Skin/surgery , Wound Healing
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