ABSTRACT
Background: Dexmedetomidine has sympatholytic, ant nociceptive, sedative, and anti-sialagogue properties without causing respiratory depression. Dexmedetomidine is the active d-isomer of medetomidine, that is a selective and specific α2-adrenoceptor agonist. It acts by the central sympatholytic action. So it provides haemodynamic stability. It has both analgesic as well as anaesthetic sparing property. Dexmedetomidine is also an effective sedative. Methods: Study Population:- Two groups were included in this study.49 cases were included in group II & 50 cases were included in group II.The duration of study was over a period of 6 month.This study was conducted in the Department of Anesthesia in Carrier Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow. Results: This result revealed that adverse effect of bradycardia was seen only in one patient. None of the patients was sedated after discontinuation of anesthesia. Conclusion: This study concludes that, during laryngoscopy and in the perioperative period, a single pre-operative dose of Dexmedetomidine provides better hemodynamic stability in comparison to Fentanyl by attenuation of sympathoadrenal response.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: For lower abdominal and lower limb surgeries,epidural anesthesia technique of central neuraxial blockade isin used very commonly as this technique avoids theshortcomings and drawbacks of general anesthesia like airwaymanipulation and poly-pharmacy along with other untowardeffects like postoperative nausea and vomiting while ruling outneed for additional intravenous analgesics.Methodology: In our study two groups were included that wasgroup R and group RD. 50 cases were included in in eachgroups. This study was conducted in the Department ofAnesthesia, Carrier Institute of Medical Sciences & Hospital,Lucknow, U.P., India.Study Duration: The duration of study was over a period of sixmonths.Result: In our study two groups were included that was groupR and group RD. 50 cases were included in in each groups.The mean duration of motor blockade is 149.00±14.21mins ingroup R and 233.70±15.26 minutes in group RD; alsosignificant difference between the group (p=0.001).Conclusion: This study suggested that Dexmedetomidinewhen added to Ropivacaine produces profound synergisticeffect and prolongs motor and sensory blockade.
ABSTRACT
Metformin is recommended as initial monotherapy for treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus because it decreases the higher blood glucose by suppressing hepatic production of glucose, apart from suppression of hepatic glucose production, it also increases sensitivity of insulin, it also enhances the peripheral uptake of glucose (by inducing GLUT4 enhancer factor phosphorylation), and it also decreases the insulin-induced suppression of fatty acid oxidation. The aim of this study, metformin and combination of metformin and sitagliptin in type ii diabetic mellitus patients. Methods: Two groups were included in this study. Each group has 50 cases & each case was having diabetic mellitus. This study conducted in the Career Institute of Medical Sciences in the Department of Pharmacology. The duration of study was over a period of six month. Results: In our study we were included two groups. Each group has 50 cases, means total 100 cases were included. In group I we were observed 26 male & 24 female out of 50 cases. In group I we found that 13 had vomiting followed by diarrhea, metallic taste, abdominal pain. While in group II we found that 3 had vomiting followed by diarrhea, metallic taste, abdominal pain. Conclusion: The foregone discussion revealed that in patients who are on monotherapy with metformin alone having inadequate glycaemic control. The addition of one daily dose of Sitagliptin 100 mg is the most effective way of maintaining glycaemic control.
ABSTRACT
Background: Aims & Objective:- The present study was suggested with the objective to of antimicrobial drug use in different indication in the tertiary care hospital.Methods: The case study was carried out in the Departments of pharmacology and pediatrics of carrier institute of Medical sciences Lucknow. Results: In the present study, total 250 cases were included. Among the 250 cases 70% were male and 30% were female. In this study we found that 49.2% cases were belong to between 1year to 5 year age group followed by 1 month – 1 year (14.8%) &>5 year (36%).In our study , 43.2% cases had 6-12 kg weight followed by 28%(12-18 kg) , 16.8%(18-30 kg), 12%(<6kg). Conclusion: This study conclude that, common use of antibiotic without culture and sensitivity, may leads to high cost burden and commonly resistance to antibiotics. This situation comes from parents' pressure of quick relief using strong medication.
ABSTRACT
Background: Metformin is believed that marvelous survivor for diabetes and coined as glucose eater among all oral hypoglycemic agents. Antibiotic Resistance is the major issue which compromising the treatment of bacterial, viral, fungal, parasitic infection. The present study showed that effectiveness of metformin drug on microbes. Methods: This study conducted in the department of pharmacology in the carrier institute of medical sciences over a period of six month. Results: Antimicrobial activity of metformin was evaluated against Gram-positive, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi using disk diffusion technique of Kierby baur methods. CIP & AK was used as standard antibiotics. Antioxidant potentiality of metformin was investigated by DPPH scavenging activity. Metformin active at 500 μg/ml, showed very good antimicrobial activity against most of the bacterial strains with an average zone of inhibition of 12-15mm. Conclusions: Metformin demonstrated a pronounced inhibitory action against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an organism which is known to be multidrug resistant. The tested fungi are Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The tested drug showed very good antifungal activity with an average 13-17 mm zone of inhibition.