ABSTRACT
Objective: leukocyte adhesion deficiency [LAD] is a rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder; LAD-I which is the most common type, occurs due to mutations in the CD18 gene. This mutation down-regulates the expression of [sharp S]2 integrin leukocyte cell surface molecules, which are necessary for the adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells, transendothelial migration, and chemotaxis. The major symptoms are recurrent severe bacterial infections without pus formation, recurrent or progressive necrotizing soft tissue infections, marked leukocytosis and severe progressive periodontitis accompanied by alveolar bone loss, periodontal pockets, and partial or total early loss of primary and permanent teeth
Cases: herein, we report a case of moderate LAD-I in a nine year-old boy with severe alveolar bone loss and aggressive periodontitis. For several years, approximately every month, the patient was followed up to evaluate the status of primary and permanent dentition. During these visits, scaling and root planing were performed and severely mobile teeth were extracted. The patient is now under regular follow up
Conclusion: this case confirms the need for interactions between the medical groups to identify and manage medically compromised children with rare diseases. It is important to include LAD in the differential diagnoses of children presenting with periodontal disease. Early correct diagnosis of LAD has various benefits for patients
ABSTRACT
Objective: Peri-implantitis is an irreversible inflammatory reaction in the soft and hard tissues around a functional implant. One of the treatment approaches of this disease include smoothing and polishing the rough surface and removing threads on the implants using rotary instruments, which is called implantoplasy. Clinicians should perform implantoplasty with caution because it may raise the temperature of the implant body as well as the surrounding bone. This study aimed to compare micromorphology and thermal changes obtained with different rotary instruments and piezoelectric device after implantoplasty
Methods: In this in vitro study 48 Intra Lock fixture surfaces were processed in 60 seconds with six polishing procedures using 6,12 bladed carbide burs, 90, 30 µm mean-particles-size diamond burs, and piezosurgery inserts OT1 [grain size= 91 microm] and OP5 [grain size= 30 microm]. These instruments were applied in single or sequences procedures. Variations in temperature were recorded every 5 seconds. The roughness of treated surfaces was evaluated with a profilometer for Ra1, Rz1 [single polish procedures], Ra2, and Rz2 [sequence polish procedures] parameters. Also, surfaces were observed using a field emission scanning electron after each step of implantoplasty
Results: The piezosurgery group showed statistically significant differences with the other two groups [maximum temperature 1.2°C]. No statistically significant differences were observed between the carbide and diamond burs regarding the temperature changes and the temperature decreased from the start point in both groups. The mean Ra value in piezoelectric group [1.53 [0.23]] was significantly lower than diamond (2.45 [0.40], p<0.05] and carbide [2.10 [0.28], p<0.05] groups
Besides, this measure in the carbide group was significantly lower than that of the diamond group [p<0.05]. Rz1 value was significantly greater in diamond and carbide groups compared to piezoelectric group. The results revealed significant differences among the three groups concerning Rz2. The minimum Rz2 value was seen in piezoelectic group, while the diamond group showed the highest Rz2 parameter
Conclusion: This in virto study showed that in suitable cooling conditions, implantoplasty with rotary and piezoelectric devices does not produce excessive heat increases which can damage the soft tissue or bone around the affected implant. The piezoelectric device produced smoother surfaces in single or sequence procedures compared to the burs and can be useful for implantoplasy?