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OBJECTIVES@#To study the influence of umbilical cord milking versus delayed cord clamping on the early prognosis of preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks.@*METHODS@#PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, Weipu Database, and SinoMed were searched for randomized controlled trials on umbilical cord milking versus delayed cord clamping in preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks published up to November 2021. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, two researchers independently performed literature screening, quality evaluation, and data extraction. Review Manger 5.4 was used for Meta analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 11 articles were included in the analysis, with 1 621 preterm infants in total, among whom there were 809 infants in the umbilical cord milking group and 812 in the delayed cord clamping group. The Meta analysis showed that compared with delayed cord clamping, umbilical cord milking increased the mean blood pressure after birth (weighted mean difference=3.61, 95%CI: 0.73-6.50, P=0.01), but it also increased the incidence rate of severe intraventricular hemorrhage (RR=1.83, 95%CI: 1.08-3.09, P=0.02). There were no significant differences between the two groups in hemoglobin, hematocrit, blood transfusion rate, proportion of infants undergoing phototherapy, bilirubin peak, and incidence rates of complications such as periventricular leukomalacia and necrotizing enterocolitis (P>0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compared with delayed cord clamping, umbilical cord milking may increase the risk of severe intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants with a gestational age of <34 weeks; however, more high-quality large-sample randomized controlled trials are needed for further confirmation.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Cerebral Hemorrhage , Constriction , Gestational Age , Infant, Premature , Prognosis , Umbilical Cord/physiology , Umbilical Cord ClampingABSTRACT
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death and the most common malignant tumor, the long-term survival of which has stagnated in the past several decades. Pileostegia tomentella Hand. Mazz is a traditional Chinese medicine called "Zhongliuteng" (ZLT) in the pharmacopeia, which has been proved to possess a potent anti-tumor effect on various cancers. In this study, the effects of ZLT N-butanol extraction (ZLTN) and ZLT ethyl acetate extraction (ZLTE) on the viability of non-small cell lung cancer cell (NSCLC) lines H1299 and A549 were evaluated. Here, we firstly reported that ZLTE significantly inhibited H1299 cells growth without affecting the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). In addition, ZLTE induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in a concentration-dependent manner and increased the expression cleaved-PARP and decreased pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-7, pro-caspase-8, and pro-caspase-9. Moreover, ZLTE increased the level of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H1299 cells to lead to apoptosis, which was reversed by N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC). Taken together, our results revealed that ZLTE induced caspase-dependent apoptosis via ROS generation, suggesting that ZLTE is a promising herbal medicine for the treatment of NSCLC.
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OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the significance of antinuclear antibody and antinuclear antibody spectrum in the stage and prognosis of lymphoma patients.@*METHODS@#79 cases of lymphoma (lymphoma group) treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University and 50 cases of healthy people (control group) were selected. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) were detected by indirect innmunofluorescence and ANA spectrums were detected by linear Western blot, the expression level of ANA and ANA spectrum in the two groups were analyzed. The lymphoma group was divided into the positive and the negative group according to ANA level, the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), white blood cell (WBC), disease type, stage and prognosis of the two groups were compared.@*RESULTS@#In the lymphoma group, the positive rate of ANA was 48.1%, while the positive rate was 8.0% in the health control group, both of them showed statistically significant (χ=22.42, P＜0.05). ANA fluorescence karyotype in lymphoma group was mainly speckle type. In the Lymphoma group, the positive rate of ANA spectrum was 29.1%, while the positive rate in the control group was 4.0%, both of them showed statistically significant (χ=12.36, P＜0.05). The target antigen distribution of ANA spectrum in the lymphoma group was relatively complex, mainly RO52 and SSA, while that in the control group was simple. The positive rate of ANA in lymphoma patients showed increased with age, the titer was mainly 1∶100 low titer positive, the positive rate of ANA in female patients was higher than that in male patients; The average count±standard deviation of LDH and WBC in the ANA positive and negative group were (253.67±255.85) U/L, (218.18±208.34) U/L, (6.34±3.31)×10/L and (6.81±3.91)×10/L respectively, which showed no statistical significance between the two groups (t=0.59 P＞0.05; t=0.57 P＞0.05); B-cell lymphoma was the main disease in both groups, which accounted for 81.6% (31/38) and 68.3% (28/41) respectively; while in B-cell lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the main lymphoma. For the patients with B-cell lymphoma, the patients at stage IV in ANA positive group was 58.1% (18/31), while that in the ANA negative group was 28.6% (8 / 28), and both of them showed statistically significant (χ=5.19, P＜0.05). Follow-up showed that the survival rate of the patients in ANA negative group was higher than that in ANA positive group, which showed statistically significant difference (P＜0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The postive rate of antinuclear antibody and antinuclear antibody spectrum are higher in lymphoma patients, which have considerable significance for the stage and prognosis of lymphoma treatment.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Antibodies, Antinuclear , Blotting, Western , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase , Lymphoma , PrognosisABSTRACT
Objective::The effects of three different doses of borneol on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model rats and the effects on oxidative stress factors were compared to provide reference for elucidation of the dose-effect relationship and mechanism of anti-myocardial infarction. Method::Healthy adult male SPF SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, solvation model group, nitroglycerin group, Borneolum high, medium and low dose(0.6, 0.3, 0.15 g·kg-1) group, l-Borneolum and Borneolum syntheticum high, medium, low dose(0.2, 0.1, 0.05 g·kg-1) group, a total of 13 groups, 20 in each group. Gavage was performed at 20 mL·kg-1 once a day for 3 days of continuous preventive administration. The sham operation group and the model group were given the same volume of distilled water, and the solvation model group was given the same volume of 5% polysorbate 80.On the third day of the pre-administration, 30 minutes after the last dose, the left anterior descending coronary artery was ligated to make a model, and the successful rats were treated for 3 days. BL-420N biological system analyzer was used to record the ST-segment amplitude and hemodynamic changes. Rat body weight and cardiac weight were weighed to calculate cardiac viscera coefficients, 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to calculate the myocardial infarction rate. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to evaluate the degree of myocardial pathological damage. According to the kit requirements, serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), aspartate amino-transaminase (AST), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB) and oxidative stress factors superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA) were detected. Result::Compared with the sham operation group, the ST segment amplitude of the model group significantly increased after 5 minutes, the left ventricular diastolic blood pressure (LVDP) value increased significantly, and the measured maximum shortening velocity (Vpm) value of the left ventricular myocardial contraction component significantly decreased. The organ coefficient and myocardial infarction rate were extremely significantly increased, and the myocardial pathological tissue was severely damaged. The serum CK-MB, AST, LDH, and MDA contents were significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the solvation model group, the Borneolum and l-Borneolum in the middle and low, and the Borneolum syntheticum high dose groups could significantly inhibited the abnormal elevation of ST segments at different time points. The Borneolum and l-Borneolum high, medium, low, and Borneolum syntheticum high dose groups significantly increased the left ventricular systolic blood pressure (LVSP) value and decrease the LVDP value (P<0.01). The Borneolum medium, low, and l-Borneolum high, medium, Borneolum syntheticum high dose groups significantly increased the maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (dp/dt max) and Vpm value (P<0.05, P<0.01). The Borneolum and l-Borneolum medium, low dose groups significantly reduced rat cardiac organ coefficients. The Borneolum high, medium, low and l-Borneolum, Borneolum syntheticum medium, low dose groups significantly improved myocardial infarction in rats (P< 0.05, P<0.01). The Borneolum low, l-Borneolum high, medium, and Borneolum syntheticum high groups also significantly improved the degree of pathological damage (P<0.01). High dose of l-Borneolum significantly reduced CK-MB content, medium and low dose of l-Borneolum significantly reduced AST activity, medium and low dose of l-Borneolum, high, medium and low dose of Borneolum syntheticum significantly reduced LDH activity (P<0.05, P<0.01). Serum SOD activity of rats in l-Borneolum high, medium, and Borneolum syntheticum high dose groups increased significantly (P<0.05, P<0.01). Serum MDA levels in Borneolum high, medium, low, and l-Borneolum high, middle dose groups significantly decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion::Three kinds of borneol in different dose groups can play different degrees of myocardial protection. Under the experimental conditions, there was a trend of l-Borneolum>Borneolum>Borneolum syntheticum in improving the efficacy of myocardial infarction, the dose-effect of Borneolum was negatively correlated, Borneolum syntheticum was positively correlated, and no significant dose-effect relationship between l-Borneolum.
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Objective:To investigate the effect of alcohol extract of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex,alcohol extract of Polygalae Radix and their compatibility on fecal metabolites of rats,analyze its potential metabolic pathways,and provide experimental basis for exploring the possible mechanism of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex relieving gastrointestinal motility disorders induced by Polygalae Radix. Method:Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,alcohol extract of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex group(3.50 g·kg-1),alcohol extract of Polygalae Radix group(1.75 g·kg-1) and compatibility group (3.5 g·kg-1 of alcohol extract of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex+1.75 g·kg-1 of alcohol extract of Polygalae Radix).Fecal samples were collected within 24 h after continuous gavage for 3 days.The fecal metabolites in each group was detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS),mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1%formic acid solution for gradient elution,data collection range was m/z 50-1 200 under positive and negative ion mode of electrospray ionization.The characteristic biomarkers and corresponding metabolic pathways were analyzed or screened by Progenesis QI v2.0,SIMCA-P 14.0,SPSS 20.0,MetaboAnalyst 4.0 and other softwares. Result:A total of 17 characteristic metabolic markers were screened out,including 5-formiminotetrahydrofolic acid,L-3-hydroxykynurenine,7,8-dihydropteroic acid,etc.The main related pathways included biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids,linoleic acid metabolism,vitamin B6 metabolism,etc. Conclusion:The mechanism of Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex relieving gastrointestinal motility disorders induced by Polygalae Radix may be related to purine metabolism,folate biosynthesis,tryptophan metabolism and primary bile acid biosynthesis.
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OBJECTIVE:To compare the analgesia,sedative effect and safety of oxycodone and fentanyl after laparoscopic hysterectomy. METHODS:A total of 113 patients underwent selective laparoscopic hysterectomy during Aug. 2015-Apr. 2017 were selected and divided into oxycodone group(58 cases)and fentanyl group(55 cases)according to random number table. Oxycodone group received 0.07 mg/kg Oxycodone hydrochloride injection intravenously before skin suture. Fentanyl group received 0.7 μ g/kg Fentanyl citrate injection intravenously before skin suture. The patients were given relevant drugs for patient-controlled intravenous analgesia after they woke up. Hear rate(HR),central venous pressure(CVP),mean arterial pressure(MAP)and oxygen partial pressure [p(O2)] were observed in 2 groups before analgesia induction(T0),at the moment of extubation(T1),5 min after extubation(T2). VAS score and Ramsay sedation score were observed 1 h(T3),6 h(T4),12 h(T5),24 h(T6),48 h(T7)after surgery.The levels of serum P substance and 5-HT were observed before analgesia induction(T0),1 h(T3),6 h(T4),12 h(T5),24 h(T6),48 h(T7)after surgery. The occurrence of ADR were recorded. RESULTS:At T1and T2,HR and MAP of 2 groups were significantly higher than at T0,and oxycodone group was significantly lower than fentanyl group,with statistical significance(P<0.05);there was no statistical significance in the levels of CVP or p(O2)between 2 groups at different time points(P>0.05). At T3-T6,VAS score of oxycodone group was significantly lower than that of fentanyl group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in VAS score at T7or Ramsay score at T3-T7between 2 groups(P>0.05).The levels of serum P substance and 5-HT in 2 groups at T3,T6and T7were significantly higher than at T0;at T3,T6,the oxycodone group were significantly lower than the fentanyl group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).At T7,there was no statistical significance in the levels of serum P substance and 5-HT between 2 groups(P>0.05). Total incidence of ADR in oxycodone group(12.1%)was significantly lower than fentanyl group(27.3%),with statistical significance(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Oxycodone is better than fentanyl in maintaining hemodynamic stability,early reducing the serum levels of pain-induced substances,early analgesic effects for patients underwent laparoscopic hysterectomy,but sedative effect of them are similar.
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Objectives: To compare the clinical features and long-term outcomes of patients with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ApHCM) and patients with asymmetric septal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (ASHCM). Methods: Data from 600 patients (300 with ApHCM and 300 with ASHCM) identified in a consecutive single-center cohort between 1996 and 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. The two groups were 1:1 matched by age of diagnosis, gender and the presence of outflow tract obstruction. Clinical features, cardiovascular mortalities, incidence of sudden cardiac death and cardiovascular morbidity (including unexplained syncope, atrial fibrillation, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, progressive heart failure, embolic stroke or transient ischemic attack and myocardial infarction) were compared between the two groups. Results: Forty-two patients (14.0%) had a maximum LV wall thickness of ≥30 mm in the ASHCM group compared to only 11 patients (3.7%) in the ApHCM group (P<0.01). 156 patients in ApHCM group (52.0%)and 168 patients in ASHCM group(56.0%)underwent cardiovascular NMR examination, the incidence of late gadolinium enhancement was significantly lower in ApHCM group than in ASHCM group(26.9% vs 76.2%,P<0.01). The mean follow-up durations for ApHCM and ASHCM were (7.5 ± 4.0) years and (6.6 ± 5.4) years, respectively. The incidence of cardiovascular death (1.0% vs 5.7%), sudden cardiac death (0.33% vs 3.3%) and major adverse cardiovascular event (18.3% vs 40.3%) were significantly lower in the ApHCM group than in the ASHCM group (all P<0.01). Unexplained syncope, nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, and progressive heart failure were less common in ApHCM group than in ASHCM group (all P<0.05). Multivariate COX regression analysis showed that late gadolinium enhancement positivity (HR=4.62, 95% CI: 2.28- 68.0, P=0.02) and unexplained syncope (HR=8.56, 95% CI: 2.1-16.6, P<0.01) were independent predictors of cardiovascular mortality. Unexplained syncope was independent predictor for sudden cardiac death (HR=4.40, 95% CI: 1.5-15.2, P=0.02). Conclusions: After eliminating the interference of age at diagnosis, gender and outflow tract obstruction, patients with ApHCM represent a more benign prognosis with a lower incidence of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity than patients with ASHCM.
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Objective There are few large sample data reports of comparative study on genotype distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in the tissues of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma in China. This study aimed to investigate the clinical value of genotype distribution of HPV infection in the tissues of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma in regional (mainly in Jiangsu Province) patients.Methods We collected 1044 paraffin tissue specimens of female cervical squamous cell carcinoma (826 cases) and cervical adenocarcinoma (218 cases) in 29 hospitals from November 1978 to December 2017. HPV DNA was extracted from the tissues and through the combination of gene-chip and polymerase chain reaction technology, 23 genotypes of HPV were detected in all the tissues of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma, and comparative study was conducted on the genotype distribution of HPV infection.Results Among 1044 cases of cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma, 901 were found with HPV and the detection rate was 86.30%. The detection rate of cervical squamous cell carcinoma was 91.53% (756/826), among which 16，18，58，33，52，31 types were the most common and the detection rate of 16 type was significantly higher than that of 18 types (56.84% vs 9.93%, P0.05).Conclusion The HPV detection rates are different in the regional female cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma tissues. 16,18,31,33,52 and 58 types are the most common genotypes in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and cervical adenocarcinoma. The detection rate of 16 type is overly higher than that of 18 type in cervical squamous cell carcinoma, while the detection rates of 16 type and 18 type in cervical adenocarcinoma are very close.
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To observe the effect of processed Polygonum multiflorum on mRNA expression levels of five subtypes of CYP450 enzymes in rat liver. SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group, processed P. multiflorum high dose and low dose groups (5.40 g•kg⁻¹ and 1.08 g•kg⁻¹). The rats in administration groups were continuously given with processed P. mutiflorum for 7 days by ig administration, and the rats in normal control group were given with the same volume of distilled water. After successive administration of 7 days, the serum biochemical indications were detected, and Real-time quantitative PCR technology was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of five subtypes of CYP450 enzymes in rat liver. Experimental results showed that AST was decreased significantly in both low and high dose groups. ALT was significantly decreased in low dose group and significantly increased in high dose group. The mRNA expression levels of five subtypes of CYP450 enzymes in rat liver were decreased in high dose and low dose groups in a dose-dependent manner. Especially the high dose processed P. multiflorum could significantly inhibit CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 mRNA expression levels in rats. The study showed that high dose P. multiflorum water extract had hepatotoxicity, and the degree of liver damage was increased with the increase of dose. It shall be noted that 5.40 g•kg⁻¹ water extract of P. multiflorum could significantly inhibit CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 mRNA expression levels in the liver of rats.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Ovarian serous adenocarcinoma can be divided into low- and high-grade tumors, which exhibit substantial differences in pathogenesis, clinicopathology, and prognosis. This study aimed to investigate the differences in the PH domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP), forkhead homeobox type O 3a (FoxO3a), and RAD51 protein expressions, and their associations with prognosis in patients with low- and high-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinomas.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The PHLPP, FoxO3a, and RAD51 protein expressions were examined in 94 high- and 26 low-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinomas by immunohistochemistry. The differences in expression and their relationships with pathological features and prognosis were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In high-grade serous adenocarcinomas, the positive rates of PHLPP and FoxO3a were 24.5% and 26.6%, while in low-grade tumors, they were 23.1% and 26.9%, respectively (P < 0.05 vs. the control specimens; low- vs. high-grade: P > 0.05). The positive rates of RAD51 were 70.2% and 65.4% in high- and low-grade serous adenocarcinomas, respectively (P < 0.05 vs. the control specimens; low- vs. high-grade: P > 0.05). Meanwhile, in high-grade tumors, Stage III/IV tumors and lymph node and omental metastases were significantly associated with lower PHLPP and FoxO3a and higher RAD51 expression. The 5-year survival rates of patients with PHLPP- and FoxO3a-positive high-grade tumors (43.5% and 36.0%) were significantly higher than in patients with PHLPP-negative tumors (5.6% and 7.2%, respectively; P< 0.05). Similarly, the 5-year survival rate of RAD51-positive patients (3.0%) was significantly lower than in negative patients (42.9%; P< 0.05). In low-grade tumors, the PHLPP, FoxO3a, and RAD51 expressions were not significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, omental metastasis, Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage, or prognosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Abnormal PHLPP, FoxO3a, and RAD51 protein expressions may be involved in the development of high- and low-grade ovarian serous adenocarcinomas, suggesting common molecular pathways. Decreased PHLPP and FoxO3a and increased RAD51 protein expression may be important molecular markers for poor prognosis, and RAD51 may be an independent prognosis factor, of high-grade, but not low-grade, ovarian serous adenocarcinomas.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Biomarkers, Tumor , Metabolism , Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous , Metabolism , Pathology , Forkhead Box Protein O3 , Metabolism , Immunohistochemistry , Lymphatic Metastasis , Neoplasm Staging , Nuclear Proteins , Metabolism , Ovarian Neoplasms , Metabolism , Pathology , Phosphoprotein Phosphatases , Metabolism , Prognosis , Rad51 Recombinase , MetabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To prepare Xuangui zhitong dispersible tablets and optimize its formulation technology. METHODS:Using disintegration time as index,single factor test was conducted for filler,disintegrating agent,the types and amount of adhe-sives and compression pressure. The amount of mixed disintegrating agent,avicel and gum arabic were optimized by orthogonal test. The tablet quality by optimized formulation was detected,and disintegration time,the content and dissolution rate of tetrahy-dropalmatine were determined;the similarity of in vitro dissolution rate of dispersible tablets and dropping pills were evaluated by similarity factor test. RESULTS:The optimized formulation was composed of 25% MCC as fillers,9% PVPP and 9% L-HPC as mixed disintegrants,85% ethanol solution as adhesives,micro-silica gel 2%,compression pressure of 3.0 kg/cm2. The average dis-integration time was 1.22 min,and the content of tetrahydropalmatine was 1.097 mg/g. The accumulative dissolution rate was more than 80% at 10 min and more than 90% at 15 min. The similarity factor f2 of dissolution curve was 62,using dropping pills as ref-erence preparation. CONCLUSIONS:Xuangui zhitong dispersible tablet had a rapid disintegration and the behavior of dissolution is similar to Xuangui zhitong dropping pills.
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OBJECTIVE@#To discuss the liver function damage mechanism of patients with clonorchiasis by analyzing the ultrasound characteristics, liver function, change of the serum inflammatory factors and cell apoptosis factors.@*METHODS@#Color Doppler ultrasound technique was adopted to detect the portal vein and blood flow change of patients with clonorchiasis; ELISA was used to determine the level of different serum inflammatory factors. The levels of serum total bilirubin, serum albumin and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Western blot was used to determine the expression of proteins relevant to apoptosis.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the health control group, the trunk diameter of portal vein and the thickness of spleen, as well as the hepatic artery pulsation index of clonorchiasis patients increased obviously, the mean blood flow velocity of portal vein (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) decreased. The content of total bilirubin and transaminase in plasma increased significantly, but albumin decreased (P < 0.05). Levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ increased remarkably, and the level of every factor was significantly different among patients with Child-Pugh , Child-Pugh II and Child-Pugh III classification of liver function (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). With the exacerbation of liver dysfunction, levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ gradually increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, the expression quantity of apoptosis protein Fas, FasL, Bax and Caspase-3 increased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but Bcl-2 decreased (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Changes of ultrasonic characteristics and liver dysfunction, caused by liver fluke infection, may be related to that both inflammatory response and apoptosis response have participated in the pathogenic process and liver damage course of clonorchiasis.
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In this study, we isolated and purified the extracts of the whole plant of Crotalaria sessiliflora L. by column chromatographic. Twelve compounds were isolated and identified as followings: sessiliflorin B (1), quercetin (2), kaempferol (3), soyasapogenol B (4), fernenol (5), neoechinulin A (6), ethyl 4-hydroxybenzoate (7), ethyl caffeate (8), 5,7-dihydroxychromone (9), crotadihydrofuran A (10), butesuperin B (11) and aurantiamide acetate (12). Compound 1 is a new compound, compound 3-12 were isolated from the plant for the first time.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) can only be implemented on the new generation linacs such as the Varian Trilogy® and Elekta Synergy®. This prevents most existing linacs from delivering VMAT. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of using a conventional linear accelerator delivering constant dose rate and constant angular spacing intensity-modulated arc therapy (CDR-CAS-IMAT) for treating cervical cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty patients with cervical cancer previously treated with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) using Varian Clinical 23EX were retreated using CDR-CAS-IMAT. The planning target volume (PTV) was set as 50.4 Gy in 28 fractions. Plans were evaluated based on the ability to meet the dose volume histogram. The homogeneity index (HI), target volume conformity index (CI), the dose to organs at risk, radiation delivery time, and monitor units (MUs) were also compared. The paired t-test was used to analyze the two data sets. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 19.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to the IMRT group, the CDR-CAS-IMAT group showed better PTV CI (0.85 ± 0.03 vs. 0.81 ± 0.03, P = 0.001), clinical target volume CI (0.46 ± 0.05 vs. 0.43 ± 0.05, P = 0.001), HI (0.09 ± 0.02 vs. 0.11 ± 0.02, P = 0.005) and D95 (5196.33 ± 28.24 cGy vs. 5162.63 ± 31.12 cGy, P = 0.000), and cord D2 (3743.8 ± 118.7 cGy vs. 3806.2 ± 98.7 cGy, P = 0.017) and rectum V40 (41.9 ± 6.1% vs. 44.2 ± 4.8%, P = 0.026). Treatment time (422.7 ± 46.7 s vs. 84.6 ± 7.8 s, P = 0.000) and the total plan Mus (927.4 ± 79.1 vs. 787.5 ± 78.5, P = 0.000) decreased by a factor of 0.8 and 0.15, respectively. The IMRT group plans were superior to the CDR-CAS-IMAT group plans considering decreasing bladder V50 (17.4 ± 4.5% vs. 16.6 ± 4.2%, P = 0.049), bowel V30 (39.6 ± 6.5% vs. 36.6 ± 7.5%, P = 0.008), and low-dose irradiation volume; there were no significant differences in other statistical indexes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Patients with cervical cancer treated with CDR-CAS-IMAT using Varian Clinical 23EX can get equivalent or superior dose distribution compared to those treated with IMRT. CDR-CAS-IMAT has a less treatment time and MU, which can reduce the uncertainty factor and patient discomfort in treatment.</p>
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Particle Accelerators , Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated , Methods , Software , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
Objective Gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) signaling pathway related genes mRNA expression and promoter methylation of GABRB2 gene in peripheral blood were investigated to explore the mechanisms involved in schizophrenia (SZ) and antipsychotics treatment. Methods DNA was isolated from blood samples of 53 SZ patients and 53 gender-and age-matched healthy controls. 12 out of 25 SZ patients were followed 8 weeks antipsychotic treatment. The quantitative GABRB2 promoter methylation was analyzed using the high-throughput mass spectrometry on matrix-as?sisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass array before and after treatment. Results The GA?BRB2 promoter methylation pattern of case and control group was not significantly different (P>0.05). However, signifi?cant differences of the methylation levels of CpG_28 in the GABRB2 promoter between two groups were found in males [(0.215±0.084) vs. (0.264±0.103), P<0.05]. After 8 weeks antipsychotics treatment, a significant decrease of GABRB2 pro?moter methylatin was detected in the patients [(0.088±0.037) vs. (0.121±0.063), P<0.01]. Conclusion A down regulation of GABRB2 promoter methylation in blood of SZ patients after-treatment supports that GABRB2 promoter methylation in blood may be associated with the mechanisms of antipsychotics treatment in SZ.
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Objective To discuss the liver function damage mechanism of patients with clonorchiasis by analyzing the ultrasound characteristics, liver function, change of the serum inflammatory factors and cell apoptosis factors. Methods Color Doppler ultrasound technique was adopted to detect the portal vein and blood flow change of patients with clonorchiasis; ELISA was used to determine the level of different serum inflammatory factors. The levels of serum total bilirubin, serum albumin and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer. Western blot was used to determine the expression of proteins relevant to apoptosis. Results Compared with the health control group, the trunk diameter of portal vein and the thickness of spleen, as well as the hepatic artery pulsation index of clonorchiasis patients increased obviously, the mean blood flow velocity of portal vein (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) decreased. The content of total bilirubin and transaminase in plasma increased significantly, but albumin decreased (P < 0.05). Levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ increased remarkably, and the level of every factor was significantly different among patients with Child-Pugh, Child-Pugh II and Child-Pugh III classification of liver function (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). With the exacerbation of liver dysfunction, levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IFN-γ gradually increased (P < 0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, the expression quantity of apoptosis protein Fas, FasL, Bax and Caspase-3 increased significantly (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), but Bcl-2 decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusions Changes of ultrasonic characteristics and liver dysfunction, caused by liver fluke infection, may be related to that both inflammatory response and apoptosis response have participated in the pathogenic process and liver damage course of clonorchiasis.
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Applications of network pharmacology are increasingly widespread and methods abound in the field of drug development and pharmacological research. In this study, we choose rosiglitazone compound as the object to predict the targets and to discuss the mechanism based on three kinds of prediction methods of network pharmacology. Comparison of the prediction result has identified that the three kinds of prediction methods had their own characteristics: targets and pathways predicted were not in accordance with each other. However, the calcium signaling pathway could be predicted in the three kinds of methods, which associated with diabetes and cognitive impairment caused by diabetes by bioinformatics analysis. The above conclusion indicates that the calcium signaling pathway is important in signal pathway regulation of rosiglitazone compound, which provides a clue to further explain the mechanism of the compound and also provides a reference for the selection and application of methods of network pharmacology in the actual research.
Subject(s)
Humans , Calcium Signaling , Cognitive Dysfunction , Computational Biology , Diabetes Mellitus , Pharmacology , Methods , Thiazolidinediones , PharmacologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas.@*METHODS@#Human myometrial smooth muscle cells (HM-SMCs) and smooth muscle cells of human uterine leiomyomas (HL-SMCs) were separated from patients' specimens and cultured. After processed by EGF or PD98059 (inhibitor of MKK/MEK) +EGF, the proliferation rate of both SMCs was detected by BrdU method and the phosphorylation level of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was determined by Western-blot. After different processing time by EGF, the phosphorylation levels of p44/42 MAPK and AKT and p27 expression level in both SMCs were detected by Western-blot.@*RESULTS@#EGF could significantly promote HL-SMCs proliferation and PD98059 could inhibit this effect (P<0.05); besides, PD98059 could inhibit the increase of the phosphorylation level of p44/42 MAPK in both SMCs induced by EGF. When the processing time by EGF was over 15min, the phosphorylation levels of p44/42 MAPK and AKT in both SMCs decreased sharply and were close to zero; p27 expression in HM-SMCs raised significantly while the upregulation in HL-SMCs was little.@*CONCLUSIONS@#EGF could not cause activation of EGFR because of the dephosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK and AKT in HL-SMCs, which caused p27 expression insufficiently and cell cycle dysregulation.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate the role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) in the pathogenesis of uterine leiomyomas.Methods: Human myometrial smooth muscle cells (HM-SMCs) and smooth muscle cells of human uterine leiomyomas (HL-SMCs) were separated from patients’ specimens and cultured. After processed by EGF or PD98059 (inhibitor of MKK/MEK) +EGF, the proliferation rate of both SMCs was detected by BrdU method and the phosphorylation level of p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was determined by Western-blot. After different processing time by EGF, the phosphorylation levels of p44/42 MAPK and AKT and p27 expression level in both SMCs were detected by Western-blot.Results: EGF could significantly promote HL-SMCs proliferation and PD98059 could inhibit this effect (P<0.05); besides, PD98059 could inhibit the increase of the phosphorylation level of p44/42 MAPK in both SMCs induced by EGF. When the processing time by EGF was over 15min, the phosphorylation levels of p44/42 MAPK and AKT in both SMCs decreased sharply and were close to zero; p27 expression in HM-SMCs raised significantly while the upregulation in HL-SMCs was little.Conclusions: EGF could not cause activation of EGFR because of the dephosphorylation of p44/42 MAPK and AKT in HL-SMCs, which caused p27 expression insufficiently and cell cycle dysregulation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To determine the effects of gutter oil on liver function,renal function and serum lipid metabolism in mice.Methods A total of 72 mice were averagely divided into 6 groups.Mice were gavaged with different dosages (5 μL/g,1 0 μL/g and 20 μL/g)of gutter oil or cooking oil every other day for continuing 8 weeks.The indexes of liver, kidney and serum lipid parameters were assayed.Results The moisture,acid value and peroxide value of the gutter oil exceeded the national standard.After continuing 8 weeks'intake of oils,alanine aminotransferase (ALT)of gutter oil group with a dosage of 5 μL/g,as well as aspartate aminotransferase (AST)of gutter oil group with a dosage of 1 0 μL/g significantly increased (P <0.05),compared with the cooking oil group.Serum creatinine (Scr)of the gutter oil groups with 3 dosages significantly increased compared with the control groups (P <0.05 ).Meanwhile,blood urea nitrogen (BUN)of gutter oil groups with a dosage of 5 μL/g and 1 0 μL/g were also significantly increased respectively(P <0.05). However,no significant differences were observed in triglyceride (TG)and total cholesterol (TC)among the groups. Conclusion Eight weeks'intake of gutter oil could cause the damage to liver and renal functions.