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By preparing 10 batches of substance benchmarks freeze-drying powder( lyophilized powder),the methodology of the characteristic spectrum and the content of index component for substance benchmarks of Qingwei San was established. The characteristic peaks and the similarity range of the characteristic spectrum,the contents and the transfer rate range of isoferulic acid,palmatine and paeonol,and the paste-forming rate range were determined to define key quality attributes of substance benchmarks of Qingwei San. In the10 batches of substance benchmarks of Qingwei San,the similarity of characteristic spectrum was higher than 0. 90. In further comparison of the characteristic peak information,a total of 16 characteristic peaks were identified,including 5 characteristic peaks from Cimicifugae Rhizoma,5 characteristic peaks from Coptidis Rhizoma,2 characteristic peaks from Angelicae Sinensis Radix and 4 characteristic peaks from Moutan Cortex. The content of isoferulic acid was 0. 10%-0. 18%,with the average transfer rate of 49. 82%±4. 02%. The content of palmatine was 0. 17%-0. 31%,with the average transfer rate of 15. 84% ±2. 39%. The content of paeonol was 0. 41%-0. 75%,with the average transfer rate of 23. 41%±3. 23%. The paste-forming rate of the 10 batches of substance benchmarks were controlled at 27%-33%,with the transfer rate between the theoretical paste-forming rate and the actual paste-forming rate was 86. 59%±3. 39%. In this study,the quality value transfer of substance benchmarks of Qingwei San was analyzed by the combination of characteristic spectrum,the content of index component and the paste-forming rate. A scientific and stable evaluation method was preliminarily established,so as to provide the basis for subsequent development and quality control of relevant preparations of Qingwei San.
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Benchmarking , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Powders , Quality Control , RhizomeABSTRACT
Objective::Near infrared spectroscopy was used to detect the concentration density (25 ℃), solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content of compound Dahuang decoction. Method::The concentrated liquid of compound Dahuang decoction was determined by near infrared optical fiber transmission spectrometry. The contents of rhein and glycyrrhizic acid were determined by HPLC. Fifty-one samples were used for internal cross-validation, and partial least square regression was used to establish correction models between near-infrared spectrum and density, solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content, respectively. Ten unknown concentrated liquid samples were collected for external validation and prediction. Result::The external validation complex correlation coefficients between near-infrared spectra and density, solid-containing content, rhein content and glycyrrhizic acid content of the concentrated liquid of compound Dahuang decoction were 0.995 9, 0.999 6, 0.997 0 and 0.992 2, and the root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) values were 2.50×10-3, 0.17, 7.57 and 67.10, respectively. Conclusion::The near infrared spectroscopy is suitable for the determination of evaluation indexes of the concentrated liquid index of compound Dahuang decoction, and has the characteristics of rapid, simple, stable and reliable.
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Objective To investigate the effect of 12-O-tetradecanoylophorbol-13-decanoate(TPD)on protection against acute intestinal radiation injury of mice and the possible mechanism.Methods Twenty female BALB/c mice aged 6-8 weeks were divided by random number table method into the control group and TPD groups(25,50,and 100 μg/kg). A radiation-damaged model of mice was irradiated by 10 Gy 60Co γ-rays,while the TPD groups were pretreated for 3 d with caudal vein injection before irradiation.The survival time of 20 days and the number of crypts at 3.5 days after irradiation were detected.Rat intestinal epithelial cells(IEC-6)were treated with 1 nmol/L TPD for 12 h before irradiation with 10 Gy 60Co γ-rays,and CCK-8 was used to detect the capability of cell proliferation at 0,1,2,3 and 4 d after irradiation. Results The mice in the control group survived for an average of 4.2 days,compared to 10 days in the optimal TPD group (100 μg/kg).The average number of crypts in the control group and the best TPD group was 11.0 ±1.3 and 35.1 ±1.9 respectively.The proliferation activity of IEC-6 was measured for four consecutive days.The average D value of the TPD groups was significantly higher than that of control.Conclusion TPD has a protective effect against acute intestinal radiation injury, and its protective mechanism may be achieved by promoting intestinal crypt cell proliferation and increasing the number of crypts in the intestine.
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AIM:To explore the effect of sitagliptin (SLT) on cardiomyocyte pyroptosis induced by type 2 dia-betes mellitus (T2DM) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS:The T2DM rat model was established by high-fat diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg). The model rats were treated with SLT at 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg and nicotinamide [NAM; an non-specific inhibitor of sirtuin (SIRT) family] at 500 mg/kg for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glu-cose was measured, and the tissue proteins were determined by the methods of Western blot and immunochemistry. RE-SULTS:Compared with control group, the pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes and NLRP3 expression were significantly induced, while the protein level of SIRT3 was downregulated by T2DM (P<0.05). SLT inhibited the pyrpotosis of diabetic rat car-diomyocytes, downregulated the expression of NLRP3, and upregulated the expression of SIRT3 in a dose-dependent man-ner (P<0.05). All the function of SLT (30 mg/kg) was reversed by the treatment with NAM (500 mg/kg). Compared with control group, the pyroptosis of cardiomyocytes and NLRP3 expression were significantly induced, while the protein level of SIRT3 was not regulated by NAM (500 mg/kg). CONCLUSION:SLT exerts the inhibitory effect on the pyropto-sis of cardiomyocytes induced by diabetes, and the mechanism is related to the SIRT3/NLRP3 signaling pathway.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the therapeutic effectiveness and side effects of decitabine combined with or without cytarabine-based low dose regimen for acute myeloid leukemia in geratic patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 8 geratic patients (aged over 70 years) suffered from acute myeloid leukemia from September 2009 to March 2012 were analyzed retrospectively, including age, sex, peripheral blood and bone marrow characteristics and so on. These patients were treated by an 1-hour intravenous infusion of decitabine 20 mg/mper day for 5 consecutive days every 4 weeks combined with or without low dose regimen dominantly consisting of cytarabine 20 mg per day as subcutaneous injection for seven consecutive days. The therapeutic effectiveness and side-effects were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 8 patients, incinding 3 males and 5 females aged between 71-84 years old, their median white blood cell count was 31.2(1.38-179)× 10/L, and median bone marrow blast cell ratio was 42.7(23-94)% at the initial diagnosis.The median treatment courses was 2.5 (1-20).After treatment by this protocol,2 patients achieved complete remission(CR) (25%), 2 patients achieved partial remission (PR)(25%), 3 were not relieved, and 1 died, thus the overall response rate reached to 50% (4/8). The median overall survival time was 9.5 (2-36) months, and the overall survival time of 3 patients reached 1 year or more. The main side-effects of treatment were grade III-IV of myelosuppression (87.5%) and pneumonia (50%).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Decitabine combined with or without cytarabine-based low dose regimen is promising for the treatment of geriatric acute myeloid leukemia, thus improving the overall response rate, and prolonging overall survival time.</p>
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Objective:To explore the expression level of serum interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the patients with psoriasis vulgaris and the changes of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-23 (IL-23) levels secrered by the HaCaT cells after stimulated with IL-17,and to clarify its clinical significance and the intervention effect of shikonin.Methods:Twenty-five normal controls,29 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and different groups of HaCaT cells (blank control group,IL-17-24 h group,IL-17-36 h group,IL-17-48 h group,shikonin+-IL-17 group,CsA+-IL-17 group and IL-17 group) were used as the subjects.The levels of serum IL-17 in the patients with psoriasis vulgaris and the levels of IL-6 and IL-23 in supernatant of HaCaT cells in various groups were measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-23 p19 mRNA in HaCaT cells in various groups.At the same time,Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method was used to detect the viabilities of HaCaT cells in various groups.Results:The level of serum IL-17 of the patients in psoriasis vulgaris group was increased compared with nomral control group,especially in the severe skin lesion group (P＜0.05).The levels of IL-6 and IL-23 in HaCaT cells and supernatant and their mRNA expression levels in IL-17-24 h,IL-17-36 h and IL-17-48 h groups were significantly higher than those in blank control group (P＜0.01).The expression levels of IL-6 and IL-23 in HaCaT cells and supernatant and their mRNA expression levels in shikonin+IL-17 and CsA+IL-17 groups were lower than those in IL-17 groups (P＜0.05).No statistical differences were found in the cell viabilities between each drug treatment group and blank control group (P＞0.05).Conclusion:The expression level of IL-17 in the patients with psoriasis vulgaris is significantly increased,especially in the patients with severe psoriasis vulgaris.IL-17 can promote the secretion of IL-6 and IL-23 in HaCaT cells in a time-dependent manner.Shikonin can inhibit the proinflammatory effect of IL-17.
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Objective:To explore the expression level of serum interleukin-17 (IL-17) in the patients with psoriasis vulgaris and the changes of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-23 (IL-23) levels secrered by the HaCaT cells after stimulated with IL-17,and to clarify its clinical significance and the intervention effect of shikonin.Methods:Twenty-five normal controls,29 patients with psoriasis vulgaris and different groups of HaCaT cells (blank control group,IL-17-24 h group,IL-17-36 h group,IL-17-48 h group,shikonin+-IL-17 group,CsA+-IL-17 group and IL-17 group) were used as the subjects.The levels of serum IL-17 in the patients with psoriasis vulgaris and the levels of IL-6 and IL-23 in supernatant of HaCaT cells in various groups were measured by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction RT-PCR was used to detect the expression levels of IL-6 and IL-23 p19 mRNA in HaCaT cells in various groups.At the same time,Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) method was used to detect the viabilities of HaCaT cells in various groups.Results:The level of serum IL-17 of the patients in psoriasis vulgaris group was increased compared with nomral control group,especially in the severe skin lesion group (P＜0.05).The levels of IL-6 and IL-23 in HaCaT cells and supernatant and their mRNA expression levels in IL-17-24 h,IL-17-36 h and IL-17-48 h groups were significantly higher than those in blank control group (P＜0.01).The expression levels of IL-6 and IL-23 in HaCaT cells and supernatant and their mRNA expression levels in shikonin+IL-17 and CsA+IL-17 groups were lower than those in IL-17 groups (P＜0.05).No statistical differences were found in the cell viabilities between each drug treatment group and blank control group (P＞0.05).Conclusion:The expression level of IL-17 in the patients with psoriasis vulgaris is significantly increased,especially in the patients with severe psoriasis vulgaris.IL-17 can promote the secretion of IL-6 and IL-23 in HaCaT cells in a time-dependent manner.Shikonin can inhibit the proinflammatory effect of IL-17.
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Objective To investigate the impact of sputum suction under laryngoscope in stroke patients on the occurrence and prognosis of ischemic stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP).Methods A total of 127 cases with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with Glasgow Coma Scale 6-12 scores,non-artificial airway and need for intensive care were enrolled.According to the suction practice,the cases were divided into laryngoscope euthyphoria group (practice group,PG,n =59),and conventional oral or nasal sputum suction group (control group,CG,n =68).The PG was perspectively studied,while the CG were analyzed retrospectively.All patients were cared with the Guidelines for the management of adult with hospitalacquired ventilator-associated and healthcare-associated pneumonia set by American Thoracic Society/Infectious Diseases Society of America in 2005 and the Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke set by American Heart Association/American Stroke Association in 2013 including patting on the back of patients in prone position routinely in order to facilitating expectoration,phlegm elimination with physical vibration and apophlegmatic agent application during their stay in ICU.Incidences of SAP and 28-day mortality were calculated.Levels of inflammatory markers (white blood cell,WBC;highsensitive C-reaction protein;procalcitonin,PCT) in serum were detected.Adverse events related to laryngoscopy were documented.Results There were no significant differences in incidences of SAP and 28-day mortality between PG and CG groups (32.20％ vs.41.18％,P ＞ 0.05;47.37％ vs.53.57,P ＞ 0.05,respectively).However,there was statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05) in the ICU stay length and inflammatory markers,and the sputum suction process in PG did decrease the incidence of artificial airway establishment and mechanical ventilation (18.64％ vs.35.29％,P ＜ 0.05),and the laryngoscope euthyphoria method was proved to be a protective factor (HR =0.515;95％ CI 0.281-0.057,P =0.038).WBC and PCT were lower in PG group than in CG group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Sputum suction under laryngoscope can reduce the probability of artificial airway establishment and invasive ventilator employment in patients with AIS,shortening ICU stay length and down-regulating levels of WBC and PCT.
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Objective To investigate the effects of dendritic cells (DCs)loading alpha-Galactosylce-ramide (α-GalCer)combined with tumor specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs)on the growth of transplanted Heps hepatoma in mice.Methods We induced the augmentation of the DC cells and T lymphocyte derived from the mice bone marrow,and enabled them to be specific CTLs.DC cells loaded α-GalCer in vitro.First we established a Heps liver cancer xenograft model,then divided the model mice into 4 groups by random number table method (n =9):control group (intravenous injection with physiological saline),CTL group,DC loadingα-Galcer group and DC loading α-Galcer combined with CTLs group.After 2 weeks of intervention,we extrac-ted the tumor tissue,weighed the tumor and calculated the inhibition rate of tumor.The expressions of Bax/Bcl-2 cells in groups of transplanted tumor tissues were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. Results The average tumor weight of CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and combined treatment group were (1 .07 ±0.1 5)g,(1 .1 1 ±0.1 7)g,(0.79 ±0.1 4)g,respectively.All of them were lower than that of control group (1 .69 ±0.23)g,with significant differences (t =1 4.1 76,P =0.023;t =1 2.351 ,P =0.034;t =1 8.672,P =0.000).The average tumor weight of combined treatment group was lower than those of the CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group,with significant differences (t =1 5.236,P =0.01 2;t =1 1 .1 76, P =0.037).Compared to the CTL group (36.69%)and DC loading α-GalCer group (34.32%),the com-bined treatment group had a higher tumor inhibition rate (53.25%;P =0.034,P =0.021 ).Immunohisto-chemical assay showed that the numbers of Bax-positive cells in CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and combined treatment group were 35.83 ±0.75,33.67 ±0.82,41 .1 7 ±1 .1 7 respectively,and compared with the control group (21 .67 ±2.1 6),the differences were statistically significant (t =-1 3.789,P =0.002;t =-1 5.1 1 6,P =0.001 ;t =-1 7.452,P =0.000).The numbers of Bax-positive cells in combined treatment group were different with CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group (t =-7.730,P =0.009;t =-5.872, P =0.01 1 ).The numbers of Bcl-2-positive cells in CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and combined treatment group were 30.83 ±0.75,31 .67 ±1 .03,25.00 ±0.89,and compared with the control group (38.67 ±1 .21 ),the differences were statistically significant (t =9.234,P =0.007;t =1 1 .738,P =0.003;t =20.608,P =0.000).The numbers of Bcl-2-positive cells in combined treatment group were different with CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group (t =1 1 .952,P =0.003;t =1 2.223,P =0.002).Western blot-ting test results showed that the expression levels of Bax in CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and com-bined treatment group were 0.46 ±0.01 ,0.42 ±0.03,0.55 ±0.01 ,and compared with the control group (0.31 ±0.02),the differences were statistically significant (t =1 .035,P =0.032;t =1 .1 24,P =0.027;t =1 .425,P =0.01 0).The expression level of Bax in combined treatment group was different with CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group (t =1 .305,P =0.01 3;t =1 .421 ,P =0.01 0).The positive expressions of Bcl-2 in CTL group,DC loading α-GalCer group and combined treatment group were 0.34 ±0.03,0.33 ± 0.02,0.24 ±0.01 ,and compared with the control group (0.46 ±0.01 ),the differences were statistically sig-nificant (t =-1 .1 23,P =0.025;t =-1 .061 ,P =0.031 ;t =1 .278,P =0.01 4);the positive expression level of Bcl-2 in combined treatment group was different with CTL group and DC loading α-GalCer group (t =1 .1 60,P =0.021 ;t =1 .21 9,P =0.01 5).Conclusion It has synergistic killing effect on transplanted Heps hepatoma in mice using DC loading α-GalCer combined with the tumor specific CTL.
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Objective To explore the change of function and expression of hematopoietic lineage cell specific protein-1 (HS1) and phosphorylated HS1 (p-HIS) and factors devoting to HS1 phosphorylation in platelet with sepsis.Methods Plasma with rich platelet was collected from 150 sepsis patients and 50 healthy subjects, and comparison of platelets adhesion and aggregation were detected by micro-pore method and platelet aggregation instrument.Meanwhile the ATP concentrations of washed platelet of two groups were detected by the kit to compare release reaction.And then total HS1 (t-HIS) and p-HS1 of platelet from two groups were compared by using western blot.Afterwards the specific inhibitors of Src and Syk were used to verify the HS1 activation regulated by Src and Syk in LPS-induced cell model.Results The significant differences were present between healthy subjects and sepsis patients in platelet counts, platelet distribution width (PDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) (P ＜ 0.01).The data showed the sepsis patients had greater ability than healthy subjects in adhesion, aggregation and release reaction.Meanwhile the platelets of sepsis patients had higher concentration of t-HS1 and p-HS1 than healthy subjects, and the specific inhibitors of Src and Syk , PP2 and piceatannol, inhibited the increase in p-HS1 in LPS-induced cell model.Conclusions Function of platelet is closely related to HS1 in sepsis and it will be a target for sepsis therapy.
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This study was purposed to investigate the clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (non-APL). The clinical data of 76 elderly ( ≥ 60 old years) AML (non-APL) patients from January 2000 to January 2010 were analyzed retrospectively. According to treatment methods,the 76 patients were divided into 2 groups: induction chemotherapy group (51 cases) and best supportive treatment group (25 cases). The patients in induction chemotherapy group received the cytarabine-based induction chemotherapy regimens, including DA, MA, HA, IA and CAG; the patients in best supportive treatment group received supportive treatment including hydroxyurea, blood transfusion and so on. The clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis between 2 groups were compared. The results showed that the median survival times of patients in induction chemotherapy and best supportive treatment groups were 5 (0.2-89) and 3 (0.1-17) months respectively, there was significantly statistical difference in median survival time between 2 groups(P < 0.01) suggesting that the induction chemotherapy obviously prolonged the survival time of elderly CML patients. The 5 patients in induction chemotherapy group survived more than 60 months, one of them survived more than nine years. After the first cycle of chemotherapy, the complete remission (CR) rate of patients was 19.6% (10/51), partial remission (PR) rate was 19.6% (10/51), the overall response rate (ORR) was 39.2%, the mortality of patients in induction remission stage was 13.7% (7/51) in induction chemotherapy group; no 1 case in best supportive treatment group reached to CR. The CR rate of patients by using MA regimen was 44.4% and its ORR was 55.5%, which was higher than that by using DA, HA, IA and CAG regimens. The median chemotherapy cycles were 3 (1-14). The follow-up found that the 3 months-survival rate of patients was 65% and 42%, the 6 month-survival rate of patients was 43% and 21%, the 1 year-survival rate of patients was 29% and 13%, the 5 year-survival rate of patients was 13% and 0% in induction chemotherapy and best supportive treatment groups respectively, showing that the survival of patients in induction chemotherapy group was better than those in best supportive treatment group. A total of 31 of out 51 cases (60.8%) in induction chemotherapy group not response to the first cycle of chemotherapy, the survival time of these patients was not statistically significantly different from that of patients in best supportive treatment group. It is concluded that the induction chemotherapy can significantly improve the prognosis of elderly patients with AML, and prolong their median survival time. The induction remission rate in elderly patients with AML is lower than that of younger patients. The MA regimen is better than DA, HA, IA and CAG, there is individual difference in the elderly patients with AML, If the first cycle of chemotherapy has not reached to CR or PR, the best supportive treatment may be considered. The low toxicity, efficient and well-tolerated chemotherapy regimens may be chosen to prolong the survival time of the elderly patients with AML (non-APL).
Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Induction Chemotherapy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Drug Therapy , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival Rate , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The study was aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with CBFB-MYH11 gene. The clinical data of 12 cases were analyzed retrospectively, including age, clinical characteristics, immunophenotype, treatment protocols and efficacy as well as the prognosis. The results indicated that 12 patients with CBFB-MYH11 were detected in 293 AML patients. The median age of the 12 patients was 32.5 (21 - 57) years old. According to French-American-British (FAB) classification, 66.7% (8/12) patients was diagnosed as M4Eo and 33.3% patients was diagnosed as M4. At new diagnosis, the median WBC count was 19.8×10(9)/L (2.46 - 164.30×10(9)/L). The WBC count > 100×10(9) was found in 16.7% patients (2/12). The complete remission (CR) rate after 1 and 2 cycles of induction chemotherapy were 83.3% and 16.7% respectively, so the total CR rate was 100%. Estimated 5-year relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were 80% and 83%, respectively. It is concluded that patients with CBFB-MYH11 are usually M4Eo and M4. Patients with this fusion gene are often associated with high frequency of CD33, CD34, CD117, HLA-DR, CD15, CD64 and CD14 expression. Patients with CBFB-MYH11 have a tendency of higher CR rate, longer RFS and OS.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Immunophenotyping , Induction Chemotherapy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion , Genetics , Metabolism , Prognosis , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
This study was aimed to detect the expression of AML1 fusion genes in the patients with adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and further to investigate their association with the progression and prognosis of AML. Bone marrow samples were collected from 168 patients with de novo adult AML, and the expression of AML1 ETO, AML1-EVI1, AML1-MDS1, AML1-MTG16, AML1-PRDM16, AML1-LRP16, AML1-CLCA2 and AML1-PRDX4 was analyzed by a novel multiplex nested RT-PCR. Positive samples and minimal residual disease were further examined by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. The results showed that the AML1 fusion genes were found in 10.7% (18/168) patients. Among them, AML1-ETO in 12 (7.1%) cases were detected, AML1-EVI1 in 2 cases (1.2%), and AML1-MDS1, AML1-MTG16, AML1-PRDM16, and AML1-CLCA2 in 1 case (0.6%) each were detected. Among the patients with AML1-ETO, 10 patients (10/12, 83.33%) achieved complete remission (CR) after one cycle of chemotherapy, while 2 patients achieved CR after 2 cycles of chemotherapy. The 2 patients with AML1-EVI1 failed to achieve CR after one cycle of chemotherapy. Patients with AML1-MDS1, AML1-MTG16, AML1-PRDM16, or AML1-CACL2 did not achieve CR after one cycle of chemotherapy. It is concluded that AML1 fusion genes are more frequent and can provide the molecular markers for diagnostics and prognosis evaluation of AML and for monitoring MRD.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit , Genetics , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Diagnosis , Drug Therapy , Genetics , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion , Genetics , Prognosis , Remission Induction , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of acute erythroleukemia (AEL, AML-M6). The clinical features and results of morphologic, immunophenotypic, cytogenetic and molecular biologic detections were retrospectively analyzed in 13 cases of AEL from 305 acute leukemia patients hospitalized between October 2007 and October 2012. The results showed that the expression of erythroid and non-erythroid cells increased at the same time. The myeloid antigens mainly expressed CD13/CD33/CD117/CD34, while the erythroid antigens expressed Gly and CD71. The karyotypic detection indicated that there were 1 case with normal karyotype, 3 cases with simple karyotypic abnormality and 2 cases with complex karyotypic abnormality, the other cases were not detected. The molecular biological detection found that the poor prognosis gene existed in 5 cases [38.5% (5/13)], including 3 cases with MLL-MLL fusion gene, 1 case with MLL mutation, and 1 cases with NRAS gene mutation, the abnormal genes were not detected in remainder 8 cases. After chemotherapy with decitabine, the complete remission (CR) rate achieved 53.5% (7/13), partial remission (DR) rate achieved 15.4% (2/13). Finally, 8 patients received allo-HSCT, the median overall survival (OS) was 20.7 months, 3 year survival rate was 79%, 3 year disease-free survival rate was 78%. It is concluded that the acute erythroleukemia is a rare subtype of AML, which is transformed from MDS and has harmful genes and poor prognosis. Allo-HSCT and treatment with decitabine may enhance the survival rate of AEL.
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Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Karyotyping , Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute , Diagnosis , Genetics , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival RateABSTRACT
Purpose To analyze the high-frequency sonographic images of lymph nodes in mesenteric lymphadenitis of different ages. Materials and Methods 139 children with mesenteric lymphadenitis (study group) and 60 normal children (control group) were divided into 1 to 5 years, 6 to 10 years and 11 to 15 years group, the characteristics of high-frequency ultrasound sonographic images were analyzed, accuracy of longitudinal diameter (L), transverse diameter (S), aspect ratio (L/S) and color Doppler blood flow signal classification for the prediction of mesenteric lymph nodes swelling were evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Mesenteric lymph nodes in the control group appeared as spindle shape with sparse blood flow signals, L, and L/S increased with age increasing (F=4.047, 9.586;P0.05). Compared with the control group, blood flow signals were more abundant in all age groups of the study group, L and S were also significantly higher (L:t=-13.798,-12.813,-8.089;S:t= -8.212,-13.172,-9.606, P<0.01), only in the 1 to 5 years group statistically significant difference (t=-3.208, P<0.05) was showed between the two groups. From 1 to 5 years, the sensitivity and specificity for the judgment of lymph node swelling were 95.56%and 100.00%, respectively when using L=9.85 mm as a standard;from 6 to 10 years, the sensitivity and specificity for the judgment of lymph node swelling were 95.59%and 100.00%, respectively when using L=10.25 mm as a standard;from 11 to 15 years, the sensitivity and specificity for the judgment of lymph node swelling were 92.31%and 100.00%, respectively when using S=4.40 mm as a standard. Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound is able to display the location distribution and morphological characteristics of the mesenteric lymph nodes in children, and also to accurately measure the diameters and flow signal distribution of the lymph nodes, thus will provide valuable evidence for the diagnosis of pediatric mesenteric lymphadenitis.
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<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Cancer testis antigens (CTAs) are a novel group of tumor associated antigens. Demethylating agent decitabine was reported to be able to up-regulate CTAs through its hypomethylation mechanism, thus enhance the immunogenicity of leukemia cells. However, few researches have ever focused on the questions that whether this immunostimulatory effect of decitabine could induce autologous CTA specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in vivo, and if so, whether this effect contributes to disease control. In this study, we aimed to show that decitabine could induce specific autologous CTLs against some mouse CTAs in leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Several mouse CTAs were screened by RT-PCR. CTL specific to one of the CTAs named P1A was detected and sorted by P1A specific dimer by flow cytometry. The activity of specific CTLs was measured by real time RT-PCR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We firstly screened expression of some CTAs in mouse leukemia cells before and after decitabine treatment and found that decitabine treatment did up-regulate expression of many CTAs. Then we measured the CTLs' activity specific to a mouse CTA P1A in vivo and showed that this activity increased after decitabine treatment. Finally, we sorted these in vivo induced P1A specific CTLs by flow cytometry and demonstrated their cytotoxicity against decitabine treated leukemia cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our study showed the autologous immune response induced by decitabine in vivo. And more importantly, we firstly proved that this response may contribute to disease control. We believe that this immunostimulatory effect is another anti-cancer mechanism of decitabine, and this special effect would inspire new applications of decitabine in the field of leukemia treatment in the future.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Male , Mice , Antigens, Neoplasm , Metabolism , Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic , Pharmacology , Azacitidine , Pharmacology , Cell Line, Tumor , Flow Cytometry , Mice, Inbred BALB C , T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic , MetabolismABSTRACT
This study was aimed to investigate the clinical value of multiplex nested reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) in detecting MLL-related fusion genes in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Ten MLL-related genes (dupMLL, MLL-ELL, MLL-ENL, MLL-AF6, MLL-AF9, MLL-AF10, MLL-AF17, MLL-CBP, MLL-AF1P, MLL-AF1Q) in 221 MDS cases were detected by multiplex nested RT-PCR. The results indicated that 20 patients were detected with positive result among 221 patients and the positive rate was 9.05%. The number of the positive cases and positive rates of the above mentioned 10 fusion genes were in order: 7 (3.16%), 2 (0.9%), 1 (0.45%), 1 (0.45%), 2 (0.9%), 2 (0.9%), 1 (0.45%), 2 (0.9%), 1 (0.45%), 1 (10.45%). It is concluded that the multiplex nested RT-PCR has been confirmed to be able to detect 10 fusion genes in MDS patients, which can provide important evidences for assessing diagnosis and treatment, and give related necessary information about minimal residual disease and its prognosis.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Karyotyping , Myelodysplastic Syndromes , Genetics , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion , Genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Methods , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Translocation, GeneticABSTRACT
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), characterized by great heterogeneity in clinical manifestations and molecular genetics. This study was aimed to explore the clinical significance of applying multiplex PCR to detect BCL2/IGH and BCL6/IGH fusion genes in DLBCL. Multiplex PCR was used to detect bone marrow samples from 80 cases of DLBCL. The results showed that 12 patients (15%) carried BCL2/IGH or BCL6/IGH fusion genes, BCL2/IGH was found in 6 patients (7.5%), and BCL6/IGH in another 6 patients (7.5%). The patients with different molecular markers displayed different clinical features and outcomes. It is concluded that multiple PCR is rapid and accurate method to identify gene abnormalities in DLBCL, but further studying a quantitative or semi-quantitative assay for the expression of fusion genes is needed.
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Bone Marrow , Pathology , Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains , Genetics , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Genetics , Pathology , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Oncogene Proteins, Fusion , Genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 , Genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6 , GeneticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate whether a simulated He-O2 saturation dive to 65 msw would affect oxidative balance in humans.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Seven divers participated in a simulated saturation dive to 0.75 MPa (65 msw). 24-h urine samples were collected twice before, twice during, and twice after the dive, then were analyzed for contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), total amino acid (T-AA) and total anti-oxidant capacity (T-AOC). Meanwhile, total urine volume and body weight were measured.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The content of T-AA was higher. (P < 0.05) than the base value in final decompression, but reverse to normal at one week after decompression. There were no changes in contents of SOD, MDA and T-AOC during and after the dive compared with their basic value. Total urine volume was lower (P < 0.05, vs basic value) at first day in chamber, then returned to normal. Body weight gradually increased after compression till the end of decompression (higher than basic value, P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These data indicate that simulated saturation dive to 65 msw may not induce obvious oxidative damage, but it is necessary to monitor 24-h urine volume and oxidative sress by time in order to prevent from tissue injury.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Male , Amino Acids , Urine , Decompression , Diving , Physiology , Helium , Chemistry , Malondialdehyde , Urine , Oxidative Stress , Physiology , Oxygen , ChemistryABSTRACT
In order to explore the value of reverse transcription(RT)-multiplex nested PCR for detecting PDGFRB gene rearrangement in myeloproliferative disorders (MPD), the PDGFRB rearrangement was detected qualitatively in 146 MPD cases by reverse transcription multiplex nested PCR. The results showed that 8 cases with PDGFRB fusion gene were found in 146 cases, the positive rate was 5.5%. Out of 8 cases with PDGFRB fusion gene, TEL-PDGRB fusion gene was found in 3 cases; HIP1-PDGFRB fusion gene in 2 cases; GIT2-PDGFRB, TP53BP1-PDGFRB and WDP48-PDGFRB fusion gene in 1 case, respectively. It is concluded that RT-multiplex nested PCR is a powerful tool for the detection of PDGFRB rearrangement, which helps to tentatively diagnose MPD and to provide the clues for targeting therapy.