The Association Between Overtime Hours and Perceived Stress, Depression, and Anxiety Among COVID-19 Community Health Workers / 생물치료정신의학

Objectives@#This study aimed to examine the association between overtime hours and perceived stress, depression, and anxiety among coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) community health workers. @*Methods@#Self-report data were collected from 1,181 community health workers in Busan between 15 June and 2 July 2021. The data collected were analyzed using analysis of variance and logistic regression to examine how average weekly overtime hours affect perceived stress, depression, and anxiety. @*Results@#The proportion of individuals who perceived a high degree of stress was higher in the groups with average weekly overtime of 5-10 hours (odds ratio [OR] 1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-3.01) and 10 or more hours (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.33-3.82) than in the group with average weekly overtime of less than 5 hours. Among the groups with average weekly overtime of 5-10 hours and 10 or more hours, the proportion of individuals at a high risk of depression was OR 1.74 (95% CI 1.31-2.31) and OR 3.39 (95% CI 2.53-4.54), respectively. In the same two groups, the proportion of individuals at a high risk of anxiety was OR 1.75 (95% CI 1.31-2.33) and OR 3.34 (95% CI 2.51-4.46), respectively. @*Conclusions@#This study shows that perceived stress, depression, and anxiety levels significantly increase as average weekly overtime hours increase among COVID-19 community health workers.

Esthetic rehabilitation of single anterior edentulous space using fiber-reinforced composite

A fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) fixed prosthesis is an innovative alternative to a traditional metal restoration, as it is a conservative treatment method. This case report demonstrates a detailed procedure for restoring a missing anterior tooth with an FRC. A 44-year-old woman visited our department with an avulsed tooth that had fallen out on the previous day and was completely dry. This tooth was replanted, but it failed after one year. A semi-direct technique was used to fabricate a FRC fixed partial prosthesis for its replacement. The FRC framework and the pontic were fabricated using a duplicated cast model and nanofilled composite resin. Later on, interproximal contact, tooth shape, and shade were adjusted at chairside. This technique not only enables the clinician to replace a missing tooth immediately after extraction for minimizing esthetic problems, but it also decreases both tooth reduction and cost.

A Study on Vascular Pain Due to Gemcitabine and According to Clinical Factors

PURPOSE: This study was performed to examine vascular pain due to gemcitabine and according to clinical factors. METHODS: The survey was performed with 525 cancer patients visiting chemotherapy infusion room in one general hospital. The data were collected via self-reported questionnaire, researchers observation, and reviewing medical records. Data were analyzed descriptive statistics, t-test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Tukey test using ranks, Jonckheere-Terpstra test, and Spearman correlation analysis were used. RESULTS: The mean scores of the intensity and onset time of vascular pain were 3.06+/-2.16 and 8.13+/-13.13 min, and each other were negative correlaton. Degree of intensity of vascular pain had a significant difference on gender (p=.003), age (p=.004), weight (p=.019), Body mass index (BMI) (p=.005), Body surface area (BSA) (p=.030), infusion time (p<.001), dose (p=.027), dose per minute (p<.001), the number of administered gemcitabine (p=.005), combination chemotherapeutic drug (p=.013) and tumor type (p=.002). Degree of onset time of vascular pain had a significant difference on infusion time (p=.044), combination chemotherapy (p=.001) and injection site (p=.001). CONCLUSION: Patients administrated gemcitabine were experiencing various vascular pain, and vascular pain had a difference on clinical factors. Therefore, oncology nurses should be considered significant clinical factors to implement effective interventions to patients administered gemcitabine.

Prevention of tooth discoloration associated with triple antibiotics

Regenerative endodontics has a potential to heal a partially necrotic pulp, which can be beneficial for the continued root development and strengthening of immature teeth. For this purpose, triple antibiotic mixture of ciprofloxacin, metronidazole, and minocycline was recommended as intracanal medicament in an attempt to disinfect the root canal system for revascularization of a tooth with a necrotic pulp. However, discoloration of the tooth was reported after applying this. This case shows the idea for preventing the tooth discoloration using a delivery syringe (SW-O-01, Shinwoo dental) to avoid the contact between the clinical crown and the antibiotics.

Considerations during crown reattachment procedure over the pulpal exposure: case report

Crown reattachment is the most conservative treatment which can be used to restore fractured tooth, presumably with sufficient strength, while maintaining original contour, incisal translucency, and reducing chair time and cost. However, in case of crown fracture with pin-point pulp exposure, we should cautiously minimize the irritation to the pulp and consider pre-treatment pulpal status, choice of pulp capping materials, choice of bonding system and treatment sequence during crown reattachment procedures. This case reports the considerations while crown reattachment with direct pulp capping using calcium hydroxide (Dycal, Dentsply Caulk).

Infective Endocarditis due to Streptococcus Agalactiae in Young and Immunocompetent Woman: A Case of Structurally Normal Valve Endocarditis Presented with Major Stroke

We describe here a 26-year-old woman who presented confusion and right hemiparesis due to embolic obstruction of left internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery. Transthoracic echocardiography showed structurally normal mitral valve with hypermobile echogenic material suggesting vegetation. The vegetation was disappeared after antimicrobial treatment without surgery.

Comparison of apical transportation and change of working length in K3, NRT AND PROFILE rotary instruments using transparent resin block / 대한치과보존학회지

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to compare the apical transportation and working length change in curved root canals created in resin blocks, using 3 geometrically different types of Ni-Ti files, K3, NRT, and Profile. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The curvature of 30 resin blocks was measured by Schneider technique and each groups of Ni-Ti files were allocated with 10 resin blocks at random. The canals were shaped with Ni-Ti files by Crown-down technique. It was analyzed by Double radiograph superimposition method (Backman CA 1992), and for the accuracy and consistency, specially designed jig, digital X-ray, and CAD/CAM software for measurement of apical transportation were used. The amount of apical transportation was measured at 0, 1, 3, 5 mm from 'apical foramen - 0.5 mm' area, and the alteration of the working length before and after canal shaping was also measured. For statistics, Kruskal-Wallis One Way Analysis was used. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the groups in the amount of working length change and apical transportation at 0, 1, and 3 mm area (p = 0.027), however, the amount of apical transportation at 5 mm area showed significant difference between K3 and Profile system (p = 0.924). CONCLUSIONS: As a result of this study, the 3 geometrically different Ni-Ti files showed no significant difference in apical transportation and working length change and maintained the original root canal shape.

The evaluation of surface roughness and polishing time between polishing systems / 대한치과보존학회지

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate four different polishing systems of their polishability and polishing time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 4 mm diameter and 2 mm thickness Teflon mold was made. Z-250 (3M ESPE) hybrid composite resin was slightly overfilled and pressed with slide glass and cured with Optilux 501 for 40 sec each side. Then the surface roughness (glass pressed: control group) was measured with profilometer. One surface of the specimen was roughened by #320 grit sand paper and polished with one of the following polishing systems; Sof-Lex (3M ESPE), Jiffy (Ultradent), Enhance (Dentsply/Caulk), or Pogo (Dentsply/Caulk). The surface roughness and the total polishing time were measured. The results were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Duncan's multiple range test. RESULTS: The surface roughness was lowest in Pogo, and highest in Sof-Lex. Polishing times were shortest with Pogo, and followed by the Sof-Lex, Enhance and Jiffy. CONCLUSIONS: One-step polishing system (Pogo) is very effective to get the smooth surface in a short time, therefore it can be recommended for final polishing system of the restoration.

Treatment of crown-root fracture with a modified crown fragment reattachment technique / 대한치과보존학회지

The development of adhesive dentistry has allowed that the crown fragment reattachment can be another option in the treatment of crown fracture. However, additional crown lengthening procedure or extrusion of the tooth may be necessary in the treatment of crown root fracture because subgingival fracture line in close proximity to the alveolar bone leads to challenges for restorative procedure and the violation of the biologic width. This case report presents a modified crown fragment reattachment technique of crown root fracture with pulp exposure, which was done without additional crown lengthening procedures. After the endodontic treatment, the patient was treated using a post insertion and the fragment reattachment technique, which made it possible to preserve the space for the biologic width and maintain a dry surgical field for adequate adhesion through the modification of the fractured coronal fragment. Since a coronal fracture was occurred and reattached afterward, it was observed that the coronal fragment was well maintained without the additional loss of periodontal attachment through 2-year follow up.