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BACKGROUND: Crocin has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress effects. The therapeutic effects of crocin on ulcerative colitis and related mechanisms are still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the protective effect of crocin in ulcerative colitis rats and its related mechanism. METHODS: Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups: normal group, model group, low-dose crocin group, high-dose crocin group, and positive control group. Experimental rat model of ulcerative colitis was induced by dextran sodium sulfate. Starting on the first day of modeling, rats were routinely fed in the normal group, were given sulfasalazine by gavage in the positive drug group, and were gavaged with 0.05 and 0.1 g/kg crocin in the low-and high-dose crocin groups, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: One week after intervention, the crocin-treated rats had significantly decreased scores on colon tissue injury and Crohn’s disease activity index(P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, crocin groups had a decrease in the content of malondialdehyde and activity of myeloperoxidase(P < 0.05), and an increase in the activity of superoxide dismutase in the colon tissue(P < 0.05). Shown by immunohistochemical staining, compared with the model group, treatment with crocin significantly reduced immune responses of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 23 proteins after 1 week of intervention(P < 0.05). Compared with the model group, treatment with crocin downregulated the expression levels of total protein Bax, Caspase-3, Toll-like receptor 4 and MyD88(P < 0.05), and upregulated the expression of Bcl-2 in the intestinal tissue of rats(P < 0.05). These results indicate that crocin has a certain therapeutic effect in ulcerative colitis rats and its mechanism may be related to down-regulation of the Toll-like receptor 4/MyD88 signaling pathway and inhibition of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in the colon.
ABSTRACT
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most lethal tumor worldwide.Emerging evidence has shown that loco-regional therapy such as stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and radiofrequency ablation might be a rational choice for unresectable PDAC patients.Meanwhile,immunotherapy alone for PDAC have rarely achieved encouraging results.Accumulating data have revealed prominent tumor microenvironment change after loco-regional therapy in both target and remote lesions which might sensitize immunotherapy.It is thrilling to envisage the potential benefits of the combination therapy.We will focus on the underlining mechanism and clinical studies of the combination therapy.
ABSTRACT
To investigate the chemical constituents in the stems of Neocinnamomum delavayi. The compounds were isolated by silica gel, MCI gel, RP-18, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies and semi-preparative HPLC, and the structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. Seventeen compounds were isolated from the 80% EtOH extract in the stems of N. delavayi, including four phenolic glucosides, three lignans, six sesquiterpenoids, three flavonoids, and one sterol. They were identified as 6-O-syringoyl-1-O-vanilloyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), 6-O-acetyl-1-O-(3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl)-β-D-glucopyra-noside (2), 1, 6-di-O-syringoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl-6-O-syringoyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (4), lirioresinol B dimethyl ether (5), sesartemin (6), (+)-9'-O-(E)-feruloyl-5, 5'-dimethoxylariciresinol (7), oplodiol (8), cryptomeridiol (9), 4-epicryptomeridiol (10), 7α, 11-dihydroxy-cadin-10 (14)-ene (11), (-)-clovane-2, 9-diol (12), phaseic acid (13), catechin (14), epicatechin (15), trans-dihydroquercetin (16), and (24S)-24-ethylcholsta-3β, 5α, 6β-triol (17). Compounds 1 and 2 are two new phenolic glucosides named neocinnamosides A and B, respectively, while compounds 3-17 are isolated from the plants of genus Neocinnamomum Liou for the first time.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between blood concentration of lactic acid (LA) and tissue oxygenation in severely burned patients with shock.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-four severely burned patients admitted during early postburn stage were included in this study and were randomly divided into A (n = 18) and B (n = 16) groups. The patients in A group were resuscitated with modified anti-shock programme by which the patients' urine output was maintained roughly around 100ml per hour, while the patients in B group were treated by our traditional resuscitation formula by which the patients urine was kept at 40 ml per hour. The blood concentration of LA and usual indices (urine output, blood pressure, heart rate, and mental status) were simultaneously monitored before and 1, 8, 16, 24, 48 and 72 hours after resuscitation in patients of both groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The average blood LA level in patients of A group was (3.2 +/- 0.4) mmol/L within 24 hours of resuscitation, while the monitored indices remained within normal range. Nevertheless the LA level in B group was (7.4 +/- 1.6) mmol/L (P < 0.01, compared with that of A group), and hyperlactacidemia lasted for more than 72 hours while other indices were normal. (2) The mortality in B group was high (31.2%), whilst that in A-group was only 5.5% (P < 0.01). (3) There was negative correlation between blood LA and urine output and positive correlation between blood LA and heart rate.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>(1) Blood LA concentration might be taken as an immediate, sensitive, simple and useful index of tissue oxygenation of the whole body during burn shock stage. (2) It was suggested by our results that fluid resuscitation should be extended to 72 PBHs (postburn hours) with urine output over 100 ml/h, so as to ensure the quality and effects of the resuscitation of burn shock.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Burns , Metabolism , Therapeutics , Fluid Therapy , Lactic Acid , Blood , Oxygen Consumption , Physiology , Shock, Traumatic , Metabolism , TherapeuticsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct composite skin containing living cells and to observe its significance in the repair of full skin loss in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The dermal substitute was formed by culturing heterogeneous fibroblasts on the acellular chondrocyte collagen scaffold for 3 days, and then cultured on the epithelial membrane for another 10 days, to form the composite skin containing living cells. The composite skin was grafted onto full layer skin defect. The growth condition was observed and biopsies were harvested for histologic examination.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Both fibroblasts and stratified epithelium grew well in the collagen scaffold. The composite skin adhered tightly to wounds of the mice, with obvious vascularization one week after grafting. The grafts began to merge with the wound margin at 6 post operation weeks without obvious signs of rejection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Full skin loss could be repaired by composite skin formed by acellular chondrocyte collagen scaffold as a skin substitute.</p>