Resurgery for recurrent heart valve diseases / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To summarize the experience with resurgery for recurrent valvular heart diseases.Methods From June 2004 to June 2015, 28 patients (15 males and 13 females) with ages ranging from 44 to 67 years (55.6±6.5 years) with recurrent heart valve disease underwent resurgery. The reasons for resurgery included perivalvular leakage (7 cases), bioprosthetic valve decline (6 cases in mitral valve and 3 in tricuspid valve), mechanical prostheses dysfunction (2cases), infective endocarditis after valve replacement (2 cases), restenosis of repaired native valve (1 case), and severe tricuspid insufficiency after left-side valve surgery (7 cases). Resurgery included mitral valve replacement in 18 patients and tricuspid valve replacement in 10. All the patients underwent third or fourth or even fifth cardiac surgery for valve replacement.Results There were 2 hospital deaths with a mortality of 7.1% (2/28). The main causes of early-stage deaths were low cardiac output syndrome. The main postoperative complications were respiratory failure in 3, low cardiac output syndrome in 2, reexploration for bleeding in 2 and serious infectious shock in 1. All the patients were found with the great improvement in heart function and the re-implanted prostheses worked well during follow-up.Conclusions Although resurgery for recurrent heart valve disease poses a continuing challenge to cardiac surgeon, it could be performed with the satisfactory results. The keys to a successful cardiac resurgery include appropriate operational timing, refined surgical technique and reasonable perioperative managements.

Analysis of curative effect of high frequent oscillation ventilation combined with inhaled nitric oxide for neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To compare the curative effect with high frequent oscillation ventilation (HFOV) and with HFOV + inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in the treatment of neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure (NRHF).Methods Data of 60 NHRF patients in the People's Hospital of Dehong Prefecture from January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into HFOV group (32 cases) and HFOV + iNO group (28 cases) according to the treatment methods.The comparison between the 2 groups was established as following:oxygenation index(OI),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide [Pa (CO2)] and complications.Results There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in time of birth,gestational age,birth weight,gender ratio and original diseases (all P ＞ 0.05).As for OI there was no significant difference at 0 h between the 2 groups (27.8 ± 3.5 vs.27.6 ± 3.7) (t =0.04,P ＞ 0.05);OI of HFOV + iNO group (11.2 ± 3.4,7.3 ± 3.0,7.0 ± 2.6,respectively) was more significantly decreased than that in the HFOV group (14.5 ± 3.3,9.6 ± 3.0,8.5 ± 2.8,respectively) at 8 h,16 h,24 h,and there were significant differences between the 2 groups (t =3.81,5.16,2.14,all P ＜ 0.05).As for P a (CO2) there was no significant difference at 0 h [(65.14 ± 14.97) mmHg vs.(64.79 ± 13.40) mmHg] (t =0.095,P ＞ 0.05);the changes in Pa (CO2) had no statistically significance difference between HFOV + iNO group and HFOV group at 8 h,16 h,24 h [8 h:(50.71 ± 10.49) mmHg vs.(49.02 ± 11.74) mmHg,16 h:(40.99 ± 12.38) mmHg vs.(40.02 ± 12.04) mmHg,and 24 h:(39.01 ±9.80) mmHg vs.(38.00 ±7.85) mmHg,all P ＞0.05].As for the complications,there was no difference between the 2 groups in pulmonary air leak,pneumorrhagia,intracranial hemorrhage,blood platelet ＜100 × 109/L,methemoglobin concentration ＞ 3％,or dysfunction of blood coagulation (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both HFOV and HFOV + iNO methods are effective for NRHF.Treatment with HFOV + iNO method is more effective.Treatment for NHRF with HFOV + iNO is safe,effective,without complication increase in a short term.

Analysis of curative effect of high frequent oscillation ventilation combined with inhaled nitric oxide for neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To compare the curative effect with high frequent oscillation ventilation (HFOV) and with HFOV + inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) in the treatment of neonatal hypoxic respiratory failure (NRHF).Methods Data of 60 NHRF patients in the People's Hospital of Dehong Prefecture from January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided into HFOV group (32 cases) and HFOV + iNO group (28 cases) according to the treatment methods.The comparison between the 2 groups was established as following:oxygenation index(OI),arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide [Pa (CO2)] and complications.Results There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in time of birth,gestational age,birth weight,gender ratio and original diseases (all P ＞ 0.05).As for OI there was no significant difference at 0 h between the 2 groups (27.8 ± 3.5 vs.27.6 ± 3.7) (t =0.04,P ＞ 0.05);OI of HFOV + iNO group (11.2 ± 3.4,7.3 ± 3.0,7.0 ± 2.6,respectively) was more significantly decreased than that in the HFOV group (14.5 ± 3.3,9.6 ± 3.0,8.5 ± 2.8,respectively) at 8 h,16 h,24 h,and there were significant differences between the 2 groups (t =3.81,5.16,2.14,all P ＜ 0.05).As for P a (CO2) there was no significant difference at 0 h [(65.14 ± 14.97) mmHg vs.(64.79 ± 13.40) mmHg] (t =0.095,P ＞ 0.05);the changes in Pa (CO2) had no statistically significance difference between HFOV + iNO group and HFOV group at 8 h,16 h,24 h [8 h:(50.71 ± 10.49) mmHg vs.(49.02 ± 11.74) mmHg,16 h:(40.99 ± 12.38) mmHg vs.(40.02 ± 12.04) mmHg,and 24 h:(39.01 ±9.80) mmHg vs.(38.00 ±7.85) mmHg,all P ＞0.05].As for the complications,there was no difference between the 2 groups in pulmonary air leak,pneumorrhagia,intracranial hemorrhage,blood platelet ＜100 × 109/L,methemoglobin concentration ＞ 3％,or dysfunction of blood coagulation (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Both HFOV and HFOV + iNO methods are effective for NRHF.Treatment with HFOV + iNO method is more effective.Treatment for NHRF with HFOV + iNO is safe,effective,without complication increase in a short term.

Combination of triptolide with sodium cantharidinate synergistically enhances apoptosis on hepatoma cell line 7721 / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To determine the combined cytotoxic effect and the molecular basis of triptolide and sodium cantharidinate on hepatoma cell line 7721.
@*METHODS@#After treating the hepatoma cell line 7721 with triptolide(9, 18, or 36 μg/mL) and/or sodium cantharidinate (2, 5, or 10 μg/mL), cell viability assay and apoptosis were examined by MTT and flocytometry, respectively. The protein levels of caspase 3 and nuclear factor κB were analyzed by Western blot.
@*RESULTS@#Viability of hepatoma cell line 7721 was inhibited by either the therapy of triptolide and/or sodium cantharidinate (P<0.05) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The combined effects of both drugs were better than those of the single drug (P<0.05). The combined therapy down-regulated the expression of NF-κB p65 (P<0.05) while up-regulated the expression of caspase-3 (P<0.05).
@*CONCLUSION@#Triptolide and sodium cantharidinate exert a synergistic toxic effect on hepatoma cell line 7721, which is related to increasing capase-3 activity and suppression of NF- κB.

Effect of active ingredient from Fructus Corni on aging astrocyte induced by D-galactose / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study effects of loganin and morro-niside on aging astrocytes induced by D-galactose. Methods Cortex astrocytes of newly born rats were cultured in vivo and indentified by immunofluorescence method.Firstly,appropriate D-galactose concentration was selected and effects of loganin and morroniside on proliferation activity of aging astrocytes induced by D-galactose were determined by MTT test.Then SOD, MDA were taken as indicators to study the effects of loganin and morroniside on aging astrocytes induced by D-galactose.Thirdly,growth factors like gliar cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF),basic fibro-blast growth factor (bFGF)tested by ELISA method and expression of Bax,caspase-3,phospho-extracellu-lar signal-regulated kinese (p-ERK1 /2),phospho-mi-togen-actived protein kinase /extracellular signal-regu-lated kinase kinase (p-MEK1 /2)were taken as indi-cators to discuss the potential protection mechanism. Results Loganin and morroniside exerted certain effects on proliferation of aging astrocytes induced by D-galactose,improving SOD,GDNF,bFGF release and lowering MDA release significantly (P <0.05 ). The expressions of Bax and caspase-3 proteins had no difference between model group and loganin group, morroniside group.While the expressions of p-ERK1 /2,p-MEK1 /2 of loganin group,morroniside group were improved significantly compared with model group.Conclusion Loganin and morroniside have protective effects on aging astrocytes induced by D-ga-lactose,and increase the proliferation ability.Protec-ting their antioxidant systems and improving the expres-sion of p-ERK1 /2,p-MEK1 /2 proteins are possible mechanisms.

The effect of surgical revascularization on different timing after ST-elevation myocardial infarction on patients with ischemic heart disease and left ventricular dysfunction / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analysis the influence of surgical revascularization on different timing after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical data of 225 patients admitted from January 2003 to July 2012 with history of STEMI and left ventricular dysfunction (ejection faraction<50%) who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting was retrospectively reviewed. There were 186 male and 39 female patients. According to the timing of surgical revascularization after STEMI, the patients were divided into early revascularization group (ER group, <21 days), mid-term revascularization group (MR group, 21 to 90 days) and late revascularization group (LR group, >90 days). There were 20 male and 9 female patients in ER group with mean age of (63 ± 10) years, 48 male and 16 female in MR group with mean age of (63 ± 8) years, 118 male and 14 female in LR group with mean age of (62 ± 10) years, respectively. Thirty-day post-operative mortality and major complications were determined as the endpoints to evaluate the early results of operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 30-day post-operative mortality were 3.4%,0 and 2.3% among three groups respectively and there was no statistic difference between groups (χ(2) = 2.137, P = 0.330).Low cardiac output syndrome mortality were 13.8%, 3.1% and 2.3% among three groups respectively and there was statistic difference between groups (χ(2) = 8.344, P = 0.015). The ejection fractions was significantly improved in all the three groups from 42% ± 6%, 41% ± 6% and 42% ± 6% preoperatively to 46% ± 7%, 45% ± 10% and 45% ± 9% postoperatively (t = -3.378 to -2.339, all P < 0.05). The left ventricular end diastolic dimension were significantly reduced in MR group and LR group from (54 ± 6) mm and (55 ± 6) mm preoperatively to (47 ± 8) mm and (49 ± 9) mm postoperatively (t = 5.634, 5.885; P = 0.000). There was no significant change in ER group pre- and postoperatively ((51 ± 6) mm vs.(49 ± 7) mm, t = 1.524, P = 0.133).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The patients with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction can benefit from surgical revascularization on different timing after STEMI, presenting as the reverse of left ventricle remodeling and the improvement of left ventricle function. The short-term results are mainly determined by the patients' condition, surgical technique and the level of perioperative management.It is recommended for this patient cohort to accept surgical revascularization three weeks after STEMI.</p>

Early results of left atrial appendage closure in cerebral ischemic stroke reduction in patients with mitral valve replacement / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the role of left atrial appendage (LAA) closure for cerebral ischemic stroke prevention following mitral valve replacement.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective data on 860 consecutive adult patients undergoing mitral valve replacement between January 2008 and January 2013 were analyzed. There were 414 male and 446 female patients, with a mean age of (53 ± 12) years. The patients were divided into two groups according to whether the left atrial appendage was closed during operation: LAA closure group (n = 521) and non-LAA closure group (n = 339).Early mortality, postoperative cerebral ischemic stroke and the risk factors for cerebral ischemic stroke were assessed. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with non-LAA closure group, LAA closure group had higher proportion of female gender, higher percentage of patients with cardiac insufficiency, pulmonary hypertension and left atrial thrombus, higher incidence of mechanical valve implantation and concurrent tricuspid surgery, and larger preoperative diameter of left atrium, but lower proportion of hypertension and patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, and shorter aorta cross clamping time (χ² = 6.807 to 122.576, t = -2.818 and 3.756, all P < 0.05). There were no differences in exploratory thoracotomy for bleeding and in-hospital mortality between the two groups. Postoperative cerebral ischemic stroke occurred in 12 patients (1.4%). The incidence of cerebral ischemic stroke in LAA closure group was significantly lower than in non-LAA closure group (0.6% vs.2.7%, χ² = 6.452, P = 0.011).Logistic regression analysis showed that LAA closure was a significant protective factor for postoperative cerebral ischemic stroke (OR = 0.189, 95% CI: 0.039 to 0.902, P = 0.037) while history of cerebrovascular disease (OR = 4.326, 95% CI:1.074 to 17.418, P = 0.039) and preoperative diameter of left atrium (OR = 1.509, 95% CI: 1.022 to 1.098, P = 0.002) being the independent risk factors for postoperative cerebral ischemic stroke. The subgroup analysis showed that, for atrial fibrillation patients, LAA closure was a strong protective factor (OR = 0.064, 95% CI: 0.006 to 0.705, P = 0.025), but LAA closure was not a significant predictive factor (OR = 1.902, 95% CI: 0.171 to 21.191, P = 0.601) in non-atrial fibrillation patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Concurrent LAA closure during mitral valve replacement is safe and effective to reduce the early postoperative risk of cerebral ischemic stroke in atrial fibrillation patients.</p>

Study on gallic acid induced human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells apoptosis and its mechanism / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the proliferative effect and the apoptosis of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells induced by gallic acid ( GA ) , and its underlying mechanism. Methods SMMC-7721 cells were cul-tured in vitro. MTT assay was used to observe the pro-liferation of SMMC-7721 cells induced on GA 24 , 48 , 72 h. The morphological and ultra structural changes of the SMMC-7721 cells were observed by inverted micro-scope and transmission electron microscope respective-ly. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was used to quantify the percentages of apoptosis in the total cell popula-tion. The expression of p53 mRNA was investigated by RT-PCR. Western blot was used to determine the pro-tein expression of p53. Results GA(6. 25~50 μmol ·L-1 ) markedly inhibited the activity of proliferation and induced apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells after 48 h in a dose-dependent manner. GA significantly induced cell nuclear condensation and fragmentation. RT-PCR and Western blot results showed that GA could improve the expression of p53 mRNA and protein. Conclusion GA can inhibit the proliferation of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells and induce cells apoptosis. The mechanism may be associated with improving tumor suppressor gene p53 expression.

Analysis of blood flow in sequential and individual saphenous vein grafts in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To compare the blood flow in sequential and individual saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) and to analyze the influence of the location of the target vessel in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB).@*METHODS@#A total of 464 SVGs in 412 patients receiving OPCAB were nested into individual SVG (n=206), double (n=241) or triple sequential SVG (n=15), and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The blood flow in double and triple SVGs was significantly higher than in individual SVGs [(43.4±22.5), (43.7±19.2) and (28.9±18.7) mL/min, respectively, P<0.001, P=0.047]. There were no differences between flow in double and triple SVGs (P=0.96). Pulsatility index (PI) of the three groups were similar (2.6±1.2, 2.5±1.6, 2.8±0.9, respectively, P=0.49, P=0.49). In individual SVGs to right coronary artery, the blood flow was higher than in the posterior descending branch (PDA) (P=0.047) and posterior branch of left ventricle (PBLV), the flow-time in systole period was longer than diagonals (P=0.003), obtuse marginal (OM) (P=0.013) and PDA (P=0.002), PI was significantly lower than PDA (P=0.033) and PBLV (P=0.032). The blood flow in individual SVGs to diagonals was significantly lower than in other target vessels except for PBLV (P<0.05). Flow in double SVGs to PDA-PBLV was significantly lower than in PDA-OM.@*CONCLUSION@#The mean blood flow in double and triple sequential SVGs is about 1.5 times higher than in individual SVGs. Individual, double, and triple SVGs have similar pI. Flow in individual SVGs to diagonals was significantly lower than in other target vessels except for PBLV.

Surgery in patients of severe aortic stenosis with low transvalvular gradients and severe left ventricular dysfunction / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

Objective To assess the result of aortic valve replacement(AVR) for patients of severe aortic stenosis(AS)with low transvalvular gradients(TVG) and severe left ventricular dysfunction,and try to identify the determinants of survival,functional status and change in left ventricular ejection fraction(LNEF) during follow-up.Methods From 2005 to 2011,35patients with aortic valve area(AVA) ＜ 1 cm2,LN EF ＜ 0.40 and mean TVG ＜ 30 mm Hg underwent AVR in our hospital.The average age of the patients was 58 yeats old,and 88.6％ of the patients were in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class Ⅲ/IV at admission to the hospital.The AVA was (0.70 ± 0.09) cm2,LVEF was 0.276 ± 0.020,TVG was (26.0 ± 2.3) mm Hg,and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LNEDD) was (6.3 ±0.4) cm respectively.35 prosthetic valves were implanted,including 20 mechanical prostheses and 15 biological prostheses with the mean sizs of (23 ± 1) mm.Concomitant procedures included mitral valvularplasty in 5.tricuspid valve repair in 3 and coronary artery bypass grafting in 4.Results The perioperative mortaiity was 8.6％.Follow-up period was 3 to 60 monthes.The survival rates were:1-year 78％,2-year 68％,5-year 60％.LVEF increased significantly to 0.358 ± 0.047 one week postoperatively (P =0.008) and 0.426 ± 0.031 six months later (P ＜ 0.01)).LNEDD decreased to (5.7 ± 0.4) cm one week later(P =0.062) and (5.3 ±0.3)cm 6 months postoperatiwely (P ＜ 0.01).NYHA functional class improved from 88.6％ in class Ⅲ/Ⅳ to 35％ (P ＜0.01).Compared with those who surviwd during follow-up,the patients who died during follow-up were older in the year of operation[(63 ± 10) vs (54 ± 11),P =0.017],their NYHA functional class was higher[(3.9 ±0.2) vs (2.9 ±0.3),P =0.003]and the LVEDD for them in one week postoperatively was larger[(6.0 ± 1.0) cm vs (5.5 ± 0.3) cm,P =0.031].Conclusion The left ventricle contractile reserve seems to play an essential role for surgery in patients of severe aortic stenosis with low transvalvular gradients and severe left ventricular dysfunction.AVR can be performed for them with acceptable results.

Good outcomes from cardiac valve surgery in the elderly over 70 years / 中华胸心血管外科杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the outcomes for elderly( ＞70 years) patients undergoing valvular heart surgery and determine the early mortality and major morbidity associated with cardiac valve surgery in the elderly.MethodsBetween 2005and 2011,1366 patients underwent cardiac valve surgery in our department.115 patients(65 males,50 females) were 70 or older [aged (74.3 ± 3.1 ) years].Rheumatic valvular disease presented in 68 ( 59.1％ ),degenerative valvular disease in 33(28.7 ％),congenital heart disease in 6 (5.2 ％) and the others in 8 (7.0％).20 cases( 17.4％ ) had hypertention,17 cases( 15.8 ％ ) had diabetes mellitus,18 (15.7％) had coronary heart disease.Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was found in 25 cases(21.7 ％ ),and renal insufficiency was found in 9(7.8 ％ ).6 patients(5.2％ ) had the history of cerebrovascular disease.72 (62.6 ％) had atral fibrillation and 11 cases(9.6％ ) had the history of cardiac valve surgery previously.75(65.2 ％ ) cases were in New York Heart Association(NYHA) functional class Ⅲ-Ⅳ.Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 0.28-0.72 (0.53 ± 0.01 ).All the patients receieved coronary angiography preoperatively.All the operations were performed on cardiac-pulmonary bypass (CPB) with moderate hypothermia.During CPB,the perfusional pressure was maintained between 60-70 mm Hg and the oxygen saturation for mixed venous blood was kept above 0.70.Artificial ultrafilitration was performed for all the patients during the time of CPB.55 ( 47.8 ％ ) patients had mitral valve replacement ( MVR),3 (2.6％) had mitral valve repair( MVP),33 (28.7 ％) had aortic valve replacement (AVR),16 ( 13.9 ％ ) had AVR +MVR,5(4.3％ ) had AVR + MVP,and 3 had tricuspid replacement.The concomitant procedures included left atrial thrombus scavenging in 18( 15.7％ ),tricuspid valvularplasty in 71 (61.7 ％ ),bental procedure in 6 (5.2 ％ ),and coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG) in 15 ( 13.0 ％).ResultsThe early mortality was 0.87 ％.The major complications included sever low cardiac output syndrome in 6 patients,transient atrial fibrillation in 17,acute renal failure requiring dialysis in 3,delayed ventilation assistance in 12,and stroke in 3.112 (97.4％) patients survived during 6 months period of follow-up,in whom only 8(7.14％) were in NYHA functional class Ⅲ-Ⅳ which was lower significantly compared with that preoperatively.ConclusionHeart valve surgery for elderly patients can get satisfactory result and early mortality and major mortality is low for them.Concerns over the risk of cardiac valve surgery in the elderly should not prevent referral,and elderly patients can do well.

Reform of medical genetics teaching / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Medical genetics is the mutual penetrative and combined discipline of genetics and medicine.Medical genetics teaching should be improved to adapt to the discipline development.Teaching reform and practice of medical genetics was developed in basic medical college of Nanjing university of traditional Chinese medicine.Constructive exploration was made in teaching content,teaching techniques,teaching methods,scientific research and performance appraisal standards in order to improve the quality of medical genetics teaching and to train high-quality medical talents.

Study on apoptosis of SMMC-7721 hepatocarcinoma cells induced by Oxytropis falcata and its preliminary mechanism / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To examine apoptosis of SMMC-7721 hepatocarcinoma cells induced by total flavonoids of Oxytropis falcata (TFOF) and its preliminary mechanism.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>SMMC-7721 cells were treated for 24 h with TFOF in different concentrations. Inhibition on proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells was assessed by MTT assay. The morphology of treated SMMC-7721 cells was observed by optical microscope. Effect of TFOF on the nuclear morphology of cells was analyzed using Hoechst 33258 staining by fluorescence microscope. Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and flow cytometric measurement were used for investigating the effect of TFOF on induction of apoptosis in SMMC-7721 cells and cell cycle analysis.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The results of MTT assay showed that TFOF could induce cytotoxicity in SMMC-7721 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Hoechst 33258 staining analysis indicated that TFOF caused typical characteristics of apoptotic programmed cell death, such as cell shrinkage, apoptotic body formation etc. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that TFOF caused a dose-dependent apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells and arrested cell cycle in G1 phase.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>It suggested that TFOF inhibit proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells by inducing apoptosis of the cells and arresting cell cycle in G1 phase.</p>

Structures and bioactivity of polysaccharides from isatidis radix / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigated the chemical structures and bioactivity of polysaccharides from Isatidis Radix.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Polysaccharides were extracted and purified by column chromatograph and their chemical structures were identified by UV, IR, NMR, periodic acid oxadation and Smith degradation method and their stimulation effects to macrophage were evaluated by using MTT method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Five polysaccharides, polysaccharide A , B, C, D and E were gotten and their molecular weights were 2 000, 1 757.1, 1 34 2.7, 955.6, 11.7 kDa, respectively. Polysaccharide A was composed of arabinose, polysaccharide E was composed of arabinose and galactose, polysaccharides B, C, D were composed of glucose and 1 --> 2, 1 --> 3, 1 --> 4, 1 --> 6 linkages existed in polysaccharides A-E, of A, B, C, D, E were alpha-configurations. Polysaccharides B, C and D showed better bioactivity than polysaccharides A and E with stimulation index (SI) of 5.31, 4.76, 5.17.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Five polysaccharides are seperated firstly from Isatidis Radix.</p>

Effect of sodium cantharidinate on the growth of human gastric cancer grafted onto nude mice / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the effect of sodium cantharidinate on the growth of human gastric cancer grafted onto nude mice. Methods Nude mice xenograft models of human gastric cancer were established.BGC823was injected peritoneal and the mice were weighed. The proliferating and apoptosis rates of xenografta was evaluated by TUNEL assay and immunohistochemical staining respectively. Results The xenografts were obviously inhibited with various dosage of sodium cantharidinate(P＜0.01 ), the proliferating rate of turnout cells after using sodium cantharidinate was lower than that before using sodium cantharidinate(P＜0.01 ), but apoptosis rate of tumour ceils after using sodium cantharidinate was higher than that before using sodium cantharidinate(P＜0.01 ). Conclusion Sodium cantharidinate can inhibit gastric cancer growth by inhibiting tumour cell proliferating or inducing cell apoptosls.

Experimental Study of Human Esophageal Carcinoma Cells Eca 109 Apoptosis Induced by Sodium Cantharidinate in Vitro / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To study sodium cantharidinate induced apoptosis of human esophageal carcinoma Eca109 in vitro. Methods The change of human esophageal carcinoma Eca109 treated with sodium cantharidinate were analyzed by MTT and FCM assay. Results Human esophageal carcinoma Eca109 were treated with sodium cantharidinate for 24 h,the cell proliferation was obviously inhibited(P

Protective effect of bushen ningxin recipe on ovariectomized rabbits with atherosclerosis / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of Bushen Ningxin recipe (BNR) on atherosclerosis in ovariectomized rabbits.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-six female New Zealand white rabbits of three months old were randomly divided into four groups, the normal group, the sham operation group, the control group (ovariectomized) and the treated group (ovariectomized and treated with BNR). All rabbits, except the normal group, were fed with high-cholesterol diet starting from two weeks after operation, and to the treated group BNR was given additionally for 3 months. Levels of blood lipid (TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C) and NO were measured at the end of the 12th week, and at the same time, histomorphological and pathological examination of aorta under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and the ratio of atherosclerotic area of lesion/endothelium ratio (AL/AE) and thickness of endothelium/medium ratio (TE/TM) were estimated using image analyzer.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No significant difference was found in levels of blood lipid between groups, except those in the normal group. As compared with the control group, in the treated group, level of serum NO was higher, AL/AE and TE/TM were lower and the pathological changes of aorta was milder.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BNR could inhibit the atherosclerosis formation in ovariectomized rabbits, it showed protection on vascular endothelial cells.</p>

The Application of MR Total Spine Mobitrak Scan in Fast Diagnosis of Acute Spinal Trauma / 实用放射学杂志

Objective To study the values of MR total spine mobitrack(MTSM) technique in acute spinal trauma and spinal cord injury.Methods 71 patients with trauma in cervical vertebra,thoracic vertebra and lumber vertebra underwent MTSM scan.Results All 71cases obtained clear images of total spine and spinal cord,of which,2 cases were normal,69 cases showed fractures of vertebrae(including 36 cases showed fracture of single vertebrae,33 cases showed fractures of multiple vertebraes).69 cases with fracture of vertebrae,accompanied with 12 articles of vertebral body slippage,the 15 segments of spinal cord injury and the 19 places of the ligaments bruise.Conclusion MTSM technique is good to show the location and quantity of vertebral trauma and will greatly improve the diagnostic accuracy.

Effect of Yiqi Fuzhi Granule in Improving Learning and Memory of Rats with Multi-infarct Dementia / 中药新药与临床药理

Objective To investigate the eitect oi Yiqi Fuzhi Granule in improving learning and memory of rats with mul- ti-infarct dementia (MID). Methods MID rat models were established by embolus injection through the common carotid artery. Effects of Yiqi Fuzhi Granule(24. 84 g/kg, 12.42 g/kg, 6.21 g/kg, ig)on rat learning and memory and cerebral structure were observed. Results Yiqi Fuzhi Granule could obviously increase the scores of maze test and protect cerebral tissue from damage of multi-infarction rats. Conclusion Yiqi Fuzhi Granule has good effect in improving intellect and treating dementia.

Expression of HIV-1 co-receptors CXCR4,CCR5 and chemokine SDF-1 in human placentae / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:Investigating the expression of HIV-1 co-receptors CXCR4,CCR5 and chemoking SDF-1 in human placentae and trophoblasts is to explore the mechanism of in-utero transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1(HIV-1).Methods:Using semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction,detected the transcripts of CXCR4,CCR5 in placenta tissues and trophoblasts.Immunocytochemistry and immunohistochemistry analysis revealed the expression of CXCR4,CCR5 in primary cultured first trimester trophoblasts and villous tissue.Also the expression of SDF-1 in villi of first trimester,and the presence of SDF-1 in the culture of isolated trophoblasts were examined by in situ hybridization,immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:CXCR4 and CCR5 mRNA were detected in placentae of various gestational phases and in first trimester trophoblasts.However,primary cultured trophoblasts were found to be reactive only with antibodies against CXCR4.In the villous tissue sections,CXCR4 was found in trophoblasts,while CCR5 in stromal cell and/or Hofbauer cell.First trimester trophoblasts expressed SDF-1 strongly and secreted SDF-1 in vitro.Conclusion:CXCR4 and CCR5 were expressed in placentae.Hence,they maybe involved in in-utero transmission of HIV-1 as co-receptors.However,SDF-1 expressed in trophoblasts may protect fetus from being invaded by X4-HIV-1.R5-HIV-1 may infect CCR5+ stromal cells and/or Hofbauer cells through placental disruptions.