ABSTRACT
? AIM: To investigate the influence of phacoemulsification on corneal endothelial cells and its injury risk factors in diabetic cataract patients.?METHODS: From January 2013 to October 2015, 186 diabetic cataract patients ( 224 eyes ) as diabetes group and 190 patients with simple cataract ( 227 eyes ) as control group in our hospital were enrolled. All patients received phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation. Observation of corneal endothelial cell density, coefficient of variation and percentage of hexagonal cells preoperatively, 1d, 1wk, 1 and 3mo postoperatively were carried out, and multiple Logistic regression analysis for risk factors of corneal endothelial cell injury was taken.?RESULTS: There were no significant difference in the density of corneal endothelial cells, the coefficient of variation and the percentage of hexagonal cells between the two groups before surgery (P>0. 05). Each time point after operation corneal endothelial cell density and the percentage of hexagonal endothelial cells of diabetes group were significantly lower than the preoperative and those of control group ( P < 0. 05 ). Each time after operation endothelial cell coefficient of variation of diabetes group were significantly higher than the preoperative(P<0. 05). The endothelial cell coefficient of variation in diabetes group of the 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation were significantly higher than those of the control group ( P<0. 05 ) . Corneal endothelial cell density and percentage of hexagonal cells of the control group at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation were significantly lower than the preoperative ( P<0. 05 ). The endothelial cell coefficient of variation of control group at 1wk, 1 and 3mo after operation were significantly higher than the preoperative(P<0. 05). Single factor analysis showed that age, shallow anterior chamber, long ultrasonic time, short eye axis, high energy ultrasonic, high cumulative released energy, a lot of perfusate and nuclear hardness ≥ grade Ⅲ associated with corneal endothelial cell injury ( P< 0. 05 ) . Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, long ultrasonic time, high ultrasonic energy, high cumulative released energy and nuclear hardness ≥ grade Ⅲ were the risk factors of corneal endothelial cell injury, the OR value and 95%CI were 1. 742 (1. 056-2. 682), 1. 958 (1. 227-3. 135), 2. 064(1. 274-3. 256), 2. 585(1. 493-3. 682), 2. 193 (1. 348-3. 316).?CONCLUSION: The injury of corneal endothelial cells after phacoemulsification in diabetic cataract patients is more serious than in patients with simple cataract. Age, long ultrasonic time, high ultrasonic energy, high cumulative released energy and nuclear hardness ≥grade Ⅲ are the risk factors of corneal endothelial cell injury.
ABSTRACT
The high prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) all around the world is a great threat which cannot be ignored. It shows urgent need for the appropriate methods of NAFLD diagnosis because of the broad spectrum of hepatic derangements and the undetectable characteristic in the early stage of this disease. Ultrasonic diagnosis for NAFLD is widely used in clinic clue to its advantages such as low cost, weak radiation and good compliance for patients. For the studies in animal models, the pathological progression of NAFLD can be evaluated by a variety of noninvasive ultrasonic methods recently. To improve the convenience, accuracy and reliability of the estimation of NAFLD progression in animal models, the applications and the principles of the ultrasonic technics are introduced. Diverse qualitative and semi-quantitative methods for animal NAFLD detection are reviewed.
ABSTRACT
To investigate the semi-quantitative method for evaluating lipid accumulation in livers, male C57BL/6J mice (CON), HFD mice characterized with the mild fatty liver induced by high-fat diet, and KKAy mice charactered with the moderately severe fatty liver induced by high-caloric diet were used. The lipid accumulation was estimated by the histological examination (HE staining) and the content of hepatic triglyceride, separately. Echo-intensity of two selected regions along the ultrasound transmission direction was recorded using a small animal ultrasonographic system, and the echo-intensity attenuation coefficient was calculated. Correlation between the echo-intensity attenuation coefficient and the content of hepatic triglyceride was analyzed by the Spearman's rank correlation analysis. The results showed that the lipid accumulation in livers increased significantly in both HFD and KKAy mice compared with CON mice and it was more serious in KKAy mice than that in HFD mice. The values of echo-intensity attenuation coefficient were also increased in sequence according to group. These values were positively associated with the content of hepatic triglyceride (r = 0.744, P < 0.01). In conclusion, the echo-intensity attenuation coefficient is a simple, impersonal, and non-invasive method for evaluating the hepatic lipid accumulation. It can be used to research the process and the treatment of fatty liver diseases in mice.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Diet, High-Fat , Fatty Liver , Diagnostic Imaging , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Triglycerides , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
To investigate the mechanisms of a compound (FF16), compatibility of Rhodiola crenulata, Cordyceps militaris, and Rheum palmatum, on glucose metabolic disorders, the IRF mice charactered with insulin resistance and glucose metabolic disorders induced by high-fat diet in C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 3 groups; IRF, rosiglitazone (Rosi) and FF16. The glucose metabolism was evaluated by fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT). The insulin sensitivity was estimated by insulin tolerance test (ITT), fasting serum insulin levels and the index of HOMA-IR. The expressions of Akt and its phosphorylation levels, GSK3beta and its phosphorylation levels in liver were detected by Western Blot. The results showed that FF16 significantly improved the glucose metabolic disorders through reducing FBG by 15.1%, decreasing AUC values in glucose tolerance tests by 22.3%. FF16 significantly improved the insulin sensitivity through decreasing AUC values in insulin tolerance tests by 22.1%, reducing the levels of serum insulin by 42.9% and of HOMA-IR by 49.5%, comparing with model control, respectively. After the treatment with FF16, the levels of p-Akt and p-GSK3beta were increased by 116.4% and 24.9%, respectively, in the liver of IRF mice. In conclusion, compound FF16 could improve glucose metabolic disorders in IRF mice through enhancing the glyconeogenesis.