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Introduction: Sacrococcygeal pilonidal disease (SPD) is a chronic suppurative condition of the sacrococcygeal region causing chronic sinus tract or cyst. It is an acquired complex disease more common in young adult males, causing considerable morbidity and long periods of interruption in work or education. From simple conservative techniques to complex flap reconstruction, many debatable treatment options are offered; however clear dynamics toward the widespread use of minimally invasive methods and off-midline flap reconstruction are suggested in all guidelines, which recommend the Karydakis and Limberg flap modification. The plethora of literature compares procedures for identification of a single best treatment approach, which has proven to be difficult. The surgical outcome of both techniques is compared in the present study. Objective: To compare the surgical outcomes of the modified Karydakis flap (MKF) versus the modified Limberg flap (MLF) in SPD. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted at the general surgery department on SPD patients who were ≥18 years old. A total of 67 participants were included after obtaining the informed consent, with group A comprising 33 patients undergoing the MLF procedure and group B comprising 34 patients undergoing the MKF procedure. Results: The mean patient age was 28.85 (range, 18-44) years old. For the MKF and MLF methods, the average operating duration was 32.5 (range, 25-40) and 54.5 (range, 45-65) minutes, respectively. The MKF approach was found to significantly improve pain score, mean sitting painless time, return to normal activity, wound healing time, and patient satisfaction. Conclusion: Comparative outcomes were seen between both MKF and MLF; however, our findings show that MKF is a more favourable method than MLF with superior outcomes. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Adult , Pilonidal Sinus/therapy , Treatment Outcome , Dermatologic Surgical Procedures/methods , Postoperative Complications , Postoperative Period , Recurrence , Sacrococcygeal Region/surgeryABSTRACT
Abstract Healthcare professionals use a variety of drug information sources to fulfill their clinical needs and medical practice. The aim of present study was to assess the sources of drug information among hospital' prescribers and evaluate their prescribing behavior in Saudi hospitals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among randomly selected hospital' prescribers using a self-administered questionnaire. The response rate to the survey was 64.29%, with a ratio of 76.44% male and 23.56% female. The internet 137(60.89%) and textbooks 86(38.22%) were the prevalent sources for drug information used. Up-To-Date 107(47.56%), Medscape 105(46.67%) and FDA 74(32.88%) were the common electronic drug sources used. About 151(67.11%) of hospital' prescribers considered the pharmacist as a reliable drug information source. The most favored drug requests by hospital' prescribers from the pharmacists were drug alternatives 110(48.89%) followed by drug interactions 94(41.78%), side effects 78(34.67%) and indications 60(26.67%). Therapeutic efficacy 168(74.67%) and drug availability 73(32.44%) were the main factors contributed to the selection of drugs. This study shows some differences in hospital prescribers' perceptions of sources of drug information depending upon their background and clinical practice. Therefore, knowing appropriate drug information used by hospital' prescribers is fundamental for drug efficacy and safety in clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Pharmacists/ethics , Attitude , Surveys and Questionnaires , Health Services Needs and Demand , Saudi Arabia/ethnology , Behavior/ethics , Pharmaceutical Preparations/standards , Delivery of Health Care/standards , Prescription Drugs/analysis , Prescriptions/classification , Hospitals/standardsABSTRACT
Objective: Endodontic perforation is a challenging mishap that should be repaired with a biocompatible material, Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Biodentine are the most commonly used repair materials. However, these materials are expensive, (MTA) has prolonged setting time and difficult manipulation. The purpose of this study is to prepare the experimental nano calcium-aluminate/tri-calcium-silicate (CA/C3S) material and comparing its physical properties with biodentine and MTA, to evaluate the experimental material eligibility to compete the commercial repair materials. And to perform part two (animal study) that will evaluate the cytotoxicity, the biocompatibility and the efficacy of (CA/C3S) in furcal perforation repair compared to diode laser. Material and Methods: A mixture of calcium carbonate and aluminum oxide was used to formulate calcium aluminate phase (CA), tri-calcium-Silicate phase (C3S) was formulated by firing of calcium carbonate and quartz. The produced powders were investigated by X-ray diffraction, then (CA) and (C3S) mixed with water.(CA/ C3S) compared with MTA and biodentine for setting-time, micro-hardness, dimensional-stability and solubility. Results: Mean setting time of (CA/C3S) was (32.70±0.75min) which is significantly higher than MTA and Biodentine. The Mean microhardness of (CA/C3S) was (56.50±7.41VHN) which has no statical difference with MTA and Biodentine. Solubility results showed weight increase for (CA/C3S) as following (6.29±3.05)and loss of weight for MTA and Biodentine. The percentage of change in dimensions for(CA/C3S) increased as following (0.64±0.78) while decreased for MTA and Biodentine. Conclusion: The experimental (CA/C3S) material showed good microhardness, dimensional stability and acceptable setting time that could be improved in further work (AU)
Objetivo: A perfuração endodôntica é um percalço desafiador que deve ser reparado com um material biocompatível, Agregado de trióxido mineral (MTA) e Biodentina são os materiais de reparo mais comumente usados. No entanto, esses materiais são caros, (MTA) tem tempo de presa prolongado e difícil manipulação. O objetivo deste estudo é preparar o material experimental de nano aluminato de cálcio/silicato tricálcico (CA/C3S) e comparar suas propriedades físicas com biodentina e MTA, para avaliar a elegibilidade do material experimental para competir com os materiais de reparo comerciais. E realizar a segunda parte (estudo animal) que avaliará a citotoxicidade, a biocompatibilidade e a eficácia do (CA/C3S) no reparo de perfuração de furca em comparação ao laser de diodo.Material e Métodos: Uma mistura de carbonato de cálcio e óxido de alumínio foi usada para formular a fase de aluminato de cálcio (CA), a fase tri-cálcio-silicato (C3S) foi formulada por queima de carbonato de cálcio e quartzo. Os pós produzidos foram investigados por difração de raios X, em seguida (CA) e (C3S) misturados com água. (CA/ C3S) comparados com MTA e biodentina para tempo de presa, microdureza, estabilidade dimensional e solubilidade. Resultados: O tempo médio de presa de (CA/C3S) foi (32,70±0,75min) que é significativamente maior que MTA e Biodentine. A microdureza média de (CA/C3S) foi (56,50±7,41VHN) que não tem diferença estática com MTA e Biodentine. Os resultados de solubilidade mostraram aumento de peso para (CA/C3S) conforme a seguir (6,29±3,05) e perda de peso para MTA e Biodentine. A porcentagem de mudança nas dimensões para (CA/C3S) aumentou como segue (0,64±0,78), enquanto diminuiu para MTA e Biodentine. Conclusão: O material experimental (CA/C3S) apresentou boa microdureza, estabilidade dimensional e aceitável tempo de presa, que pode ser melhorado em trabalhos futuros (AU)
Subject(s)
X-Ray Diffraction , Biocompatible Materials , Calcium Carbonate , Lasers, Solid-State , Aluminum OxideABSTRACT
In late 2019, a novel coronavirus, now designated SARS-CoV-2, emerged and was identified as the cause of an outbreak of acute respiratory illness in Wuhan, a city in China, named as COVID-19. Since then the waves of the virus exponentially hit many countries around the globe with high rates of spread associated with variable degrees of morbidity and mortality. The WHO announced the pandemic state of the infection in March 2020 and by June 1st 2020 more than 6 million individuals and more than 370 thousands case fatalities were documented worldwide. In this article, we discussed many aspects regarding this emerged infection based on the available evidence aiming to help clinician to improve not only their knowledge but also their practices toward this infection.
Subject(s)
Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Clinical Telehealth CoordinatorABSTRACT
In late 2019, a novel coronavirus, now designated SARS-CoV-2, emerged and was identified as the cause of an outbreak of acute respiratory illness in Wuhan, a city in China, named as COVID-19. Since then the waves of the virus exponentially hit many countries around the globe with high rates of spread associated with variable degrees of morbidity and mortality. The WHO announced the pandemic state of the infection in March 2020 and by June 1st 2020 more than 6 million individuals and more than 370 thousands case fatalities were documented worldwide. In this article, we discussed many aspects regarding this emerged infection based on the available evidence aiming to help clinician to improve not only their knowledge but also their practices toward this infection.
Subject(s)
Humans , Indicators of Morbidity and Mortality , COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing , Phylogeny , Pneumonia , COVID-19ABSTRACT
Background@# Some situations compel anesthetists to execute endotracheal intubation in the lateral position. We compared elective endotracheal intubation in the lateral decubitus position using the video stylet (VS) device with the fiberoptic (FO) bronchoscope device in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. @*Methods@# Overall, 50 patients were enrolled in this prospective, randomized study. They were randomly classified into the VS intubation or FO intubating bronchoscope group. After anesthesia induction, patients were placed in the lateral decubitus position, and a single investigator well-versed with the use of the VS and FO bronchoscope performed the intubation. The primary outcome was the time taken for intubation. Secondary outcomes included the intubation success rate, hemodynamic response at specific time points and perioperative complications. @*Results@# The average time taken for intubation was significantly lesser in the VS group than in the FO group, with values of 39.5 ± 10.0 and 75.6 ± 16.2 s, respectively (P < 0.001). Incidences of a successful first attempt of intubation in the VS and FO groups were 88% and 100%, respectively, showing no significant difference. There was a negligible difference in complications between the groups, except sore throat, which showed a higher incidence in the VS group than in the FO group (P = 0.002). @*Conclusions@#In laterally positioned patients, elective endotracheal intubation with VS provides less intubation time; however, its use is accompanied by a significant increase in the hemodynamic response after intubation and an increased incidence of sore throat.
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Background@# Some situations compel anesthetists to execute endotracheal intubation in the lateral position. We compared elective endotracheal intubation in the lateral decubitus position using the video stylet (VS) device with the fiberoptic (FO) bronchoscope device in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. @*Methods@# Overall, 50 patients were enrolled in this prospective, randomized study. They were randomly classified into the VS intubation or FO intubating bronchoscope group. After anesthesia induction, patients were placed in the lateral decubitus position, and a single investigator well-versed with the use of the VS and FO bronchoscope performed the intubation. The primary outcome was the time taken for intubation. Secondary outcomes included the intubation success rate, hemodynamic response at specific time points and perioperative complications. @*Results@# The average time taken for intubation was significantly lesser in the VS group than in the FO group, with values of 39.5 ± 10.0 and 75.6 ± 16.2 s, respectively (P < 0.001). Incidences of a successful first attempt of intubation in the VS and FO groups were 88% and 100%, respectively, showing no significant difference. There was a negligible difference in complications between the groups, except sore throat, which showed a higher incidence in the VS group than in the FO group (P = 0.002). @*Conclusions@#In laterally positioned patients, elective endotracheal intubation with VS provides less intubation time; however, its use is accompanied by a significant increase in the hemodynamic response after intubation and an increased incidence of sore throat.
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BACKGROUND: An efficient regeneration protocol is a priority for the successful application of plant biotechnology. Grape nodal explants were used to develop a micropropagation protocol for Thompson Seedless and Taify cvs. Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with Kinetin or benzylaminopurine (BA) and indolebutyric acid (IBA). RESULTS: For both cultivars, axillary buds were grown, only, on a medium enriched with kinetin, moreover, shoot tip necrosis and callus formation were observed on Thompson Seedless cv. cultures grown on a medium with BA. Supplementing the growth medium with 100 mM (boron) B and 2.5 mM (calcium) Ca successfully help overcome these phenomena. The highest regenerated shoot numbers (14 and 6.2 explant 1 ) for Taify and Thompson Seedless cvs., respectively, were on media supplemented with 13.2 mM BA + 4.9 mM IBA and BA 13.2 mM + 5.8 mM IBA, respectively. Moreover, these media supported the developing shoots to have the heaviest dry weights (1.46 and 0.72 mg explant 1 ) for Taify and Thompson Seedless cvs., respectively. Thompson Seedless cv. regenerated shoot numbers and their dry weights were significantly increased by increasing the MS medium PO4 concentration. However, these two parameters were significantly decreased for Taify cv. Developing shoots were elongated and rooted on MS medium enriched with 4.9 mM, IBA 100 mM B and 2.5 mM Ca. Plantlets were acclimatized and successfully transferred to the greenhouse conditions. CONCLUSIONS: A novel promising protocol for Thomson Seedless and Taify cvs. micropropagation using single nodes has been developed.
Subject(s)
Phosphates/chemistry , Boron/chemistry , Calcium/chemistry , Vitis/growth & development , Regeneration , Biotechnology , Plant Shoots , Necrosis/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Background: Mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) before elective resection of left colon cancer remains controversial. We propose that the protective effect of MBP is dependent on its combination with chemical preparation by oral antibiotics.Methods: Medical data of adult patients with left colon cancer who underwent elective resection at Sohag University Hospital (August 2016-March 2019) were reviewed. Anastomotic leak (AL), surgical site infections (SSI), postoperative morbidity and mortality were compared among patients who preoperatively received MBP followed by chemical preparation with oral antibiotics (MBP and OABx group) versus another group of preoperative MPB alone (MBP group).Results: Forty-two patients with left colon adenocarcinoma were enrolled, 21 per group. Overall, sigmoid colon was the most common site of left sided colon cancer (76%). Malignant lesions were found in proximal sigmoid in 19 (45%), rectosigmoid in 13 (31%), descending colon in 8 (19%) and splenic flexure in 2 (5%) patients. Dukes’ classification was A in 6 (14%), B in 19 (45%) and C in 17 (41%) patients. Compared with MBP, MBP and OABx group showed significantly lower rates of anastomotic leak (3 patients (14%) versus 1 (5%) respectively, p<0.05) and surgical site and intraabdominal infections (7 patients (33%) versus 2 (10%), p<0.05). MBP and OABx group exhibited lesser grades of postoperative complications (p<0.05) and shorter hospital stay (p<0.05). Postoperative mortality occurred only in the MBP group.Conclusions: Combined mechanical-chemical bowel preparation prior to elective resection of left colon cancer confers superior clinical outcome regarding anastomotic leak, surgical site infections and overall postoperative complications.
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Background: Combined liver-visceral resections (CLVRs) may impose increased risk of postoperative complications. The clinical outcome of CLVRs versus sole liver resection (SLR) has not been adequately reported from upper Egypt cancer surgery programs.Methods: Medical records of adult non-cirrhotic patients who electively underwent liver resection from February 2015 to April 2018 at Sohag University Hospital, Egypt, were retrospectively reviewed. Indications for liver resection comprised definitively malignant tumors and those with equivocal radiologic features. The severity of surgical complications, including mortality, was compared among patients who underwent CLVRs versus SLR control group with matching age, gender, number of resected liver segments, method of hepatic inflow occlusion and parenchyma transection techniques.Results: Twenty-six patients were enrolled, including 13 with CLVRs group and their 13 SLR control group. Histopathologic examination of resected specimens confirmed malignancy in 17 patients (10 in CLVR group and 7 in SLR group). Major liver resection (≥3 segments) was carried out in 14 (54%) patients, 7 per each group. The complication score was significantly higher in CLVRs (p<0.05). Similarly, the length of hospital and intensive care unit stays was significantly prolonged in CLVRs group (p<0.05). Overall, 2 patients died (8%), exclusively in the CLVRs. Elderly patients (>65 years) who underwent CLVRs exhibited increased complications compared with their matching controls.Conclusions: CLVR predisposes to increased morbidity rates and mortality. It should be carried out in carefully selected patients to avoid worse clinical outcome.
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Background@#The most common causes of re-dislocation after open reduction are inadequate exposure and failure to release the obstructing soft tissues inside and around the hip. @*Methods@#This clinical study included 33 consecutive children (34 hips) who underwent a revision surgery after failed open reduction of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). @*Results@#According to the McKay clinical criteria, the results were good in 28 cases (82.4%), fair in 4 cases (11.8%), and poor in 2 cases with re-dislocation (5.9%). Radiological results according to the modified Severin criteria were as follows: 28 hips (82.4%) were identified as category 2 (good), 4 hips (11.8%) category 4 (fair), and 2 hips (5.9%) category 5 (poor). @*Conclusions@#Revision surgery for DDH is demanding and the long-term consequences are usually serious, but stable, concentric reduction should be obtained either at the first or second open reduction by addressing the causes of failure. Failed acetabulum remodeling and technical errors with inadequate soft-tissue release were the most common causes of failure in the primary operation. Based on the results, the outcome of revision surgery after failed open reduction for DDH was good.
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Background/objectives: The area of hypercoagulability in cirrhosis and its potential contribution to certain clinical aspects have received a lot of attention. The clinical manifestations of the hemostatic disorders of cirrhosis have been traditionally related to bleeding due to multiple procoagulant factor defects, excessive fibrinolysis, and thrombocytopenia. Aim: Assess the function of blood coagulation in patients with chronic liver diseases and improve the knowledge of the pathophysiology of haemostasis. Patients and methods: This is a prospective case-control study which was conducted at outpatient clinic of internal medicine dept., Minia University Hospital, Minia Governorate, during the period from March 2017 to August 2018. Results: Protein C and S concentrations decreased significantly in Group (II A, II B, and IIC) compared to control and also, Group (II C) decreased significantly than Group (II A, II B). Regarding Thrombin fragments (F 1+2), Child score A patients had significantly higher concentration compared to the other three groups. However, as regards, Thrombin-antithrombin (TAT), Child score C group had a significantly higher level compared to other groups. Conclusion: Thrombin fragments and thrombin antithrombin complex are considered as the main specific markers for thrombin generations which were elevated strongly depending upon the pathogenesis and the severity of the liver diseases.
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Nanotechnology is an innovative technology for improving food quality and safety. Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of hydroxy propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) films containing nanoparticles against three foodborne pathogens. Design of the Study: *This study was designed using two nanoparticles i.e. (Al2O3-NPs and SiO2-NPs), edible film (HPMC), and three foodborne pathogens i.e. Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella Typhimurium. Both nanoparticles were evaluated against foodborne pathogens as well applied in chicken fillets. Place and Duration: All experiments were done in the Food Technology Department, Benha University, Egypt; Nanomaterial Laboratory, Beni-Suef University, Egypt; and Agricultural Research Center, Egypt and were done within three months. Methodology: The preparation of edible films, the antimicrobial activity, mode of antimicrobial action, challenge study, and scanning electron microscopy had been carried out in different laboratories. As well the mechanical properties of the HPMC films were evaluated. Results: The results obtained from this study showed that the nanoparticles (~80 nm) at 80 ppm were active against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella Typhimurium compared with 20 and 40 ppm. The HPMC films including Al2O3-NPs were active against B. cereus than S. aureus and S. typhimurium, while the SiO2-NPs were more effective against S. typhimurium and B. cereus compared with S. aureus. In challenge studies, HPMC films including Al2O3-NPs and SiO2-NPs at 80 ppm decreased the viability of the three-foodborne pathogens associated with chicken fillets stored at 4±1°C for 15 days, as compared with the control sample. HPMC films incorporated with nanoparticles inhibited the microbial population ~ 2-3 log10 CFU/cm2 over the chicken fillets during storage period. Conclusion: This work indicated that, HPMC films incorporated with Al2O3-NPs and SiO2-NPs (~80 nm) at 80 ppm could be reduce the microbiological loads of the refrigerated chicken fillets.
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Background: chronic renal failure [CRF] is associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality. Chronic renal failure affects almost every system of the body and results in various functional and structural abnormalities. Life-sustaining haemodialysis [HD] requires durable vascular access [VA] to the circulatory system. An arteriovenous fistula is currently considered the gold standard access for hemodialysis, as it has lower risk for infection, lower tendency to thrombotic occlusion, greater blood flow, reduced treatment time and is less expensive to maintain than alternative vascular access methodologies. Patients on hemodialysis have several risk factors for developing PH: LV systolic and diastolic dysfunction, volume overload, endothelial dysfunction and sleep-discorded breathing
Aim of the Work: The aim of the current study was the prevalence of right ventricular dysfunction in relation to type of the vascular access in chronic hemodialysis patients
Patients and Methods: this cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 subjects on regular hemodialysis more than six months duration, 62 males [62%] and 38 females [38%]. The patients' age ranged between 24 and 76 years. They were selected from dialysis unit in Aswan health insurance hospital. All patients were subjected to the following: full history taking and clinical examination, vascular access examination [Types and patency], laboratory investigations. ECG for arrhythmias "AF, PVCs, Ischemic changes, LVH" and Echo parameters findings "RT. Vent. Systolic pressure, Rt. Vent. diastolic dysfunction, Rt. vent. dimensions, PHT and LVH]
Results: percentage of right ventricular diastolic dysfunction was higher in patients of A-V fistula [47.5%] than [42.4 %] in cases of A-V graft and [33.3%] in patients with permanent catheter and there was significant statistical difference between right ventricular diastolic dysfunction and types of vascular access [p=0.043]. The percentage of Rt. Ventricular diastolic dysfunction was higher in patients with low flux dialyzer membrane [83.3%] than in patients with high flux dialyzer [16.7%] but without significant statistical difference. There was no statistical difference between types of vascular access and attacks of recurrent of hypotension during dialysis session among chronic hemodialysis patients in the study. The percentage of Rt. Ventricular diastolic dysfunction was higher in patients with low flux dialyzer membrane [83.3%] than in patients with high flux dialyzer [16.7%] but without significant statistical difference
Conclusion: this study concluded a significant ventricular diastolic dysfunction in relation to type of vascular access in chronic hemodialysis patients. Vascular access type has a significant relationship to the incidence of pulmonary hypertension and Right ventricular systolic pressure [RVSP] in chronic hemodialysis patients
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Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate anti- inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of Terminalia coriacea
Materials and Methods: A methanolic extract of T. coriacea leaves was studied in albino Wistar rats with carrageenan- induced paw edema, an acute model, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma, a chronic model, at 3 oral test doses [125, 250, and 500 mg/kg]. Aspirin 100 mg/kg was used as a positive control. Paw volume and wet and dry weights of cotton pellets were determined. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett's multiple comparison test
Results: The test extract at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg decreased paw volume and wet and dry weights of cotton pellets. The highest test dose [500 mg/kg] displayed a response comparable to that of the standard drug [p < 0.01] on paw volume. The extract produced similar [p < 0.05] decrease in wet weight of the cotton pellet at 125 and 250 mg/kg, whereas the effect of 500 mg/kg of the extract was comparable to that of aspirin 100 mg/kg [p < 0.01]. The extract of T. coriacea at 500 mg/kg induced the most significant [p < 0.01] effect on wet weight of granulomatous tissue
Conclusion: The methanolic extract of T. coriacea leaves successfully decreased paw edema as well as dry and wet weights of granulomatous tissue in both acute and chronic inflammatory models thus confirming the anti- edematogenic, antitransudative, and antiproliferative properties of T. coriacea
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Background: In emergency surgery, management of an enterotomy, either spontaneous or following resection of a bowel segment can be by approximation of cut edges, referred to as primary repair or by exteriorization of the involved segment, referred to as ostomy. Indication of this operation can be a perforated bowel segment [produced as a result of trauma or secondary to an inflammatory process of gut] or a devitalized/redundant segment of bowel requiring resection. Penetrating colon injury or blunt abdominal trauma carries a high risk of a high-risk rate of infectious morbidity. The development of infectious complications is related to the injury severity and haemodynamic status of the patient, not the type of operation performed
Aim of the Work: Comparing the outcome of primary repair versus colon diversion in emergency cases regarding efficacy, safety and usefulness
Patients and Methods: A prospective study on 40 patient undergoing either primary repair of bowel or intestinal stoma formation following emergency laparotomies in the Department of Surgery in El-Hussien and El-Haram Hospitals, which is a big emergency and trauma center and cover large geographic area. All persons will give their informed consent. The people who have the decision in performing and choosing the type of the operation are specialists and consultants [they have the license as decision makers]. All patients presented in ER department with colorectal emergencies, included trauma [penetrating, gunshot and blunt], obstruction [malignant and non-malignant] and acute abdomen due to perforation, and need emergent laparotomy confirmed by history, clinical examination and investigations
Results: It included 40 patients divided into three age groups with main age of 31.2 +/- 20.1 years old. There were 26 males and 14 females. Etiological causes were trauma 30 patients [75%], benign obstruction 2 patients [5%], malignant obstruction 4 patients [10%] and the acute abdomen 4 patients [10%]. Time between injury and admission was less than 8 hours in 28 patients and it was between 9 to 24 hours in 12 patients [30%] and more than 24 hours in 4 patients [10%]. Shock defined by systolic blood pressure less than 90 mmHg was present in 7 [17.5 %] patients and non-shocked patients were 33 patients [82.5%]
Conclusion: After reviewing many literatures and studies, after this work. We recommend primary repair of the colon in colorectal emergent conditions. Especially injuries and benign obstruction and care must be taken when performing primary repair in cases of malignant obstruction and peritonitis due to non-traumatic colonic perforation [PNTCP]. First of all the main indicator for the primary repair is the patient's general condition. Over all the main determine to do primarily repair or to divert is the general condition of the patient
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Objective To evaluate three flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (H. rosa-sinensis), Quisqualis indica (Q. indica) and Senna surattensis (S. surattensis) for their antioxidant activity by different methods in addition to total phenolic, flavonoid and pigment contents. Methods Antioxidant activity of water, ethanol and absolute ethanol extracts of three flowers; H. rosa-sinensis, Q. indica and S. surattensis was evaluated. The antioxidant activity was assessed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity, ferrous chelating activity, reducing power, nitric oxide scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity as well as total antioxidant capacity. Total flavonoids, total phenols and total pigments including chlorophylls and carotenoids were measured for the three flowers. Results The results showed that the highest total antioxidant capacity at concentration of 500 mg/L was found in S. surattensis as 0.479 ± 0.001. Scavenging activity of H. rosa-sinensis, Q. indica and S. surattensis flower extracts against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical showed the highest activity of (90.20 ± 0.29)% with 500 mg/L. Phytochemical screening of the three flowers extracts were carried out for alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids, amino acid and mucilages. H. rosa-sinensis showed the total phenolic in water extract of (235.77 ± 14.31) mg/100 g, the other two flowers Q. indica and S. surattensis had the total phenolic in ethanol extracts of (937.70 ± 25.06) and (850.30 ± 13.81) mg/100 g, respectively. On the other hand total flavonoids were identified in absolute ethanol extracts in the three flowers [(32.83 ± 1.34), (49.24 ± 4.87) and (2.79 ± 0.23) mg/100 g, respectively]. Conclusions The extracts in the constituents of the three flowers could be used as additives as supplement fractions in foods.
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Objective To investigate the role of zinc in reducing the deleterious effects of cadmium on male gonads. Methods Rats were injected subcutaneously with CdCl
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Objective: To evaluate the other pharmacological actions of silymarin in Albino rats and mice such as antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antihyperlipidemic effects. Methods: Rats were injected intramuscularly with pyrogenic dose of brewer's yeast for the antipyretic test of silymarin. Another group of rats injected with 0.1 mL of 1% carrageenan solution in saline at the subplanter area of the right hind paw for the antiinflammatory test of silymarin. Another group of mice tested by hot plate method for determination of antinociceptive effect of silymarin. Hyperlipidemia was induced using high fat diet for 2 months to estimate the antihyperlipidemic activity of silymarin. Results: Silymarin showed a significant antipyretic effect of both doses (50 and 100 mg/ kg) compared with control untreated group. Moreover, silymarin elucidated a significant anti-inflammatory effect of both doses reflected on the decrease of the rat paw edema every hour interval for 4 h after administration in comparison with control positive group. By the same taken, both doses of silymarine revealed a significant antinociceptive action in hot plate method at 30 and 60 min post administration. Besides, it lowered significantly the serum levels of prostaglandin E2, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 beta after 2 h of silymarin administration in carrageenan induced rat paw edema besides the significant decrease of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein and significantly elevated high density lipoprotein after 2 weeks of silymarin administration. Conclusions: These outcomes delivered a new vision into the possible pharmacological mechanisms by which silymarin advances antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive and antihyperlipidemic effects.
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Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs] are commonly used in market to treat inflammatory diseases by inhibiting cyclooxygenase [COX], the ratelimiting enzyme in prostaglandins [PGs] synthesis. There are constitutive expression of COX-1 in most cells and inducible expression of COX-2 at inflammatory sites. In recent years NSAIDs like ketoprofen and diclofenac begin to show an immunomodulatory activity predicting its promising use in the treatment of autoimmune disorders. In the present study, we investigate the role of both ketoprofen and diclofenac in dexamethasone-immunosuppressed rats according to some haematological parametes like white blood cells [WBCs] count and neutrophil lymphocyte count ratio [NLCR]. Four groups of experimental rats were used in this study, G1 was used as control, G2 was immunosuppressed by dexamethasone for 3 days, G3 and G4 were immunosuppressed by dexamethasone for 3 days followed by administration of ketoprofen and diclofenac potassium respectively for 18 days. WBCs and NLCR were used as indicators of immune system activity. Ketoprofen was proved to have an immunosuppressive role and diclofenac potassium was suggested to cause immunomodulation. Based on our findings NLCR was suggested to be predictor of immune system activity and ketoprofen and diclofenac as commonly used NSAIDs may have an important role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders in the future