Comparative study between two different flap designs on peri-implant interproxirnal crestal bone loss around a single implant in the pre-loading stage

Today, one of the most challenging aspects of esthetic implant modalities is to obtain a predictable pen-implant papilla in the esthetic zone starting with the facts about the morphology of periimplant tissues, to various parameters influencing papilla reconstruction around implants. This prospective study investigates the interproximal alveolar crestal bone loss occurring after placement of mandibular single posterior implant using two different flap designs. Ten patients were included in this study [6 females and 4 males] with missing posterior mandibular teeth, their age ranged between twenty to forty years. The designed flap was performed with a conventional wide type flap on the distal side of the implant and records obtained from this side were referred to as group I, while the mesial side of the same implant was performed with a limited or a papillary preserved flap and records obtained from this side were referred to as group II. Each patient was evaluated clinically and radiographically at immediate, 1.5, 3 and 6 months post-operatively. There was high rate of crestal bone loss in group one with widely mobilized flap compared with that in group two of limited flap design through out the follow up periods. The use of a limited flap design [papillary preserved flap] for single-tooth implants is indicated to avoid possible loss of interdental papillae and to minimize interproximal crestal bone loss with subsequent implant exposure. During application of the conventional flap, it is better to insert the implant 1mm beneath the cortex by about to compensate the amount of bone loss during healing stage

Fungal pathogenicity dependence of the immune system of some lepidopteran larvae I. spodoptera littoralis

S. littoralis larvae showed differences in the cellular responses between higher pathogenic fungus Aspergillus flavous and lower pathogenic A. niger fungus compared with non pathogenic, noin biological antigen which is charcoal particles. A. flavous spores caused the death of the larvae after 48 hr of injection while after the injection of A. niger spores and charcoal particles, the larvae stayed alive and complete their life cycle. Total haemocyte counts [THCs] increased from 2 to 12 hr [after injection of A. niger and charcoal and decreased at the following different times post injection [24, 36 and 48 hr or 36, 48 and 60 hr, respectively]. Differential haemocyte counts [DHGs] Showed decreases in plasmatocytes [PL] and Shperulocytes [SP] at the times of high phagocytic reactions to A. niger andA. flavous spores, Granulacytes [GR] numbers increased with the increase in THCs. Coagulocyte [CO] numbers were not significantly changed or sometimes their changes were inconsistent. The larvae failed to phagocytose or nodulate characoal particles and also failed to nodulate both fungal spores. Histological studies on the haemopoietic organs of S. littoralis aimed to demonstrate their roles in phagocytic reaction showed their negative roles

Ultrastructural changes in the hepatocytes of albino rats treated with high doses of rifampin

Twelve rats were used, of which 6 rats received 400 mg/kg rifampicin daily for 5 days through an intragastric route, 3 rats received equivalent amounts of saline daily for 5 days, and 3 rats received nothing. The animals were sacrificed on the 6th day after initiation of treatment. Hepatic tissues were taken from all animals and were processed for electron microscopic study. In EM study. there was reduction of glycogen content in all centrilobular hepatocytes, in which few discrete glycogen particles appeared in relation to SER. The periportal hepatocytes showed heterogeneous response in which some cells kept high levels of glycogen and other cells showed marked reduction in glycogen content. There was mild proliferation of SER in both periportal and centrilobular hepatocytes while RER was increased in both areas. Intimate relation between RER and mitochondia was explained

Congenital morphological and skeletal abnormalities of cyproheptadine hydrochloride [periactin] in rats

Cyprotoheptadine hydrochloride [periactin] is one of the antihistaminic drugs which are widely used and frequently described. The aim of this work is to evaluate and find out the effects of periactin on the offsprings of the pregnant rats. It is given orally in a dose of 1.8 mg/kgm to pregnant rats which are divided into 3 groups according to the period of pregnancy. Several morphological and skeletal abnormalities are observed among the offspring. It can be concluded that periactin is a dangerous antihistaminic on the off springs of the rats, hence it is better to be avoided at any time during pregnancy

Histological changes of some internal organs in offsprings of the rats treated with some antihistamines during pregnancy

Antihistamines can pass the placental barrier exposing the foetus to various hazards. This work was done to study the histopathological effects of some antihistamines on the offsprings of the rats. Tavegyl, Avil, and Periactin were given to 3 groups of animals before and during pregnancy. Drugs were given orally in doses of 0.18 mg, 3.6 mg, and 1.8 mg per kilogram body weight respectively. Histopathological study of the liver, kidney and lungs of the offsprings was done. In Tavegyl group, no histopathological changes could be detected, in Avil group, only the lungs showed some changes while in periactin group, several histopathological changes were noticed in the liver, kidney and lungs