Risk factors for cerebral palsy among children under five-years old in Assiut governorate, upper Egypt

Cerebral palsy [CP] is the most frequent cause of motor handicap among children. Many etiologies and risk factors for the non-progressive lesion in CP are considered to be antenatal, delivery or neonatal. The present case control study aims to investigate the risk factors of cerebral palsy among children under five years in Assiut Governorate. Three hundred children randomly selected; 150 children with CP matched in number, age and sex with normal children as controls. The mean age of cases and controls were 1.99 +/- 1.34 and 1.98 +/- 1.33, respectively. The results revealed that significantly higher percent of cases were left handed compared with controls. Artificial feeding was common among cases. Significant statistical differences were found between two study groups regarding, socioeconomic status, birth order, family history of CP, premature rupture of membranes, low birth weight, birth trauma, cyanosis at birth, and history of encephalitis. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups in malpresentations, twin pregnancies, recurrent abortion, history of meningitis. In conclusion, birth trauma, low birth weight, artificial feeding and encephalitis are the most frequent risk factors in children with CP in Assiut Governorate. Therefore, antenatal, natal and postnatal health life styles reduce baby's chances of developing cerebral palsy

Agricultural child labor and related hazards in a village in Assiut, upper Egypt, 2004

Child labor is a pervasive problem throughout the world, especially in developing countries. Child labor is simply the single most important source of child exploitation and child abuse in the world today. The vast majority of child laborers around the world- 70 percent or some 170 million- are working in agriculture. To describe agricultural child labor profile in Ezzawya village, Assiut, Upper Egypt. A cross-sectional study included all working children with four agricultural contractors in the village. They constituted a total of 250 children. Their ages ranged between six and eighteen years. Data were collected via personal interview in the farms, using structured questionnaire which included: socioeconomic and demographic data, some work- related data, and health hazards, as well as schooling problems. The mean age [ +/- SD] of the child laborers was 12.6 years [ +/- 2.2], and the majority of them were girls [69.2%]. They started to work in agriculture at a very young age [mean age 8.9 +/- 1.8 years]. They used to work about 10-12 hours per day, mostly on seasonal basis [74.4%]. About half of children [51.2%] reported exposure to work-related health hazards. The most frequently encountered health hazard was sun stroke, followed by wounds, pesticide exposure, bilharziasis, and food poisoning. 44.4% of child laborers were illiterate and 5.6% of them dropped-out after enrollment in the school programs. Child agricultural workers are the objects of extreme exploitation in terms of toiling for long hours for minimal pay. Their work conditions are so severe; often violate their rights to health, education, and protection from work that is hazardous and exploitative

Leadership styles of head nurses in Assiut hospitals and their effects on their subordinates

This study included seventy-two head nurses and one hundred and four staff nurses [subordinates] working at the three main hospitals in Assiut city. The objective of the study was to determine the leadership styles of head nurses and assess the effect of these leadership styles on the motivation of their subordinates. Two suitable questionnaire were used to collect data via questionnaire interviews. The study proved that mixed styles of leadership had a positive motivational effect on subordinates than the autocratic style of leadership

Situation analysis of trachoma in Al-Hasa in using record search and review of literature

This study was carried out to assess the current situation of trachoma in Al-Hassa Community, Saudi Arabia, to throw light on the history of trachoma in the kingdom and also to assess the socioeconomic and demographic background of Al-Hassa community in the period from 1984 to 1990. The prevalence rate decreased from 11.3% in 1983 to 3.5% in 1990

Determinants of patients' satisfaction at piad-section of Assiut University Hospital

This study included a quota sample of one hundred patients, fifty nursing staff and thirty physicians with the aim of assessing the determinant factors that may affect the patients satisfaction. All of the three categories [patients, nursing staff and physicians in charge of paid- section] were interviewed through using suitable questionnaires. The data of the study were analyzed and interpreted in order to throw light on the relation between the degree of patients' satisfaction and relevant factors. The study revealed that the higher socioeconomic status of such type of patients had a prominent effect on their feeling of satisfaction with the service provided at paid-section of Assiut University Hospital