Prevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies to human cytomegalovirus among Sudanese renal transplant recipients and haemodialysis patients

Human cytomegalovirus [HCMV] is a member of the genus Herpes virus and belongs to the family Herpesviridae. The aim of this research work was to study the prevalence of human cytomegalovirus [HCMV] infection in renal transplant and haemodialysis patients. Blood samples were collected randomly from 52 renal transplant patients and 41 haemodialysis patients. The sera were tested with an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] for HCMV IgG antibodies and additional ELISA test for HCMV IgM antibodies. Renal transplant screening revealed that 98% of patients have IgG for HCMV antibodies and only 6% have IgM antibodies. In haemodialysis patients 95% showed the presence of IgG antibodies to HCMV and non of patient revealed the presence of IgM antibodies

Assessment of the drug therapy for sexually transmitted diseases in the White Nile State-Sudan

Irrational drug prescribing is a global problem. It results in development of resistance to antimicrobials, ineffective treatment, adverse effects and economic burden on patient and society. This study was carried out to assess the use of drugs for treatment of sexually transmitted diseases [STDs] and to determine their prevalence in the White Nile State-Sudan 2002-2003. Twenty urban health centers were selected randomly, 30 prescriptions were collected from each health center and assessed against recommended standard therapy. The appropriate drug therapy according to diagnosis was selected in only 10.6% of the collected prescriptions, only 42.2% of them were with appropriate doses and duration of therapy, poly pharmacy was detected in 28.8%, generic prescribing in 35.5% and possible drug-drug interactions in 17.3% of the total collected sample. The prevalence of STDs among total patients was 1.9%. 78.8% of the cases were females, 59.3% were 15-29 years old and Kenana Health Centers showed the highest prevalence of STDs 3.4%. [P<0.05] The results of the present study revealed that prescribing practices for the treatment of STDs were illogical; the reference chart prepared by federal ministry of health Sudan National HIV/AIDS/STD program must be reevaluated, because it is inappropriate and illogical. Continuous training courses are urgently needed locally and nationally to raise the updating levels of medical

Testicular microlithiasis: report of two cases and overview

Testicular microlithiasis is a rare asymptomatic disease of the testis. It is associated with testicular tumors and a wide variety of other pathologies. The sonographic image which is the main tool for diagnosis is characteristic. Because of its high association with malignant testicular tumors incidentally discovered cases of testicular microlithiasis should be followed up

Pattern and incidence of cancer at El Obeid Hospital, Western Sudan

The growing population of elderly people, the changes in life style, the new dietary habits and the HIV pandemic resulted in more exposure to cancer promoting factors in developing countries, including Sudan. Sudan is a large country with different climatic regions and the population has wide diversity of ethnic groups with varying cultures. Nevertheless, the burden of cancer in the different regions of the country is unknown. To study the incidence rate and the pattern of cancer at El Obeid Teaching Hospital, Western Sudan. The records of all patients admitted with cancer to the wards of El Obeid Teaching Hospital, Western Sudan during 2006 and 2007 were studied. The cancers were classified according to the organs affected and then ranked in their order of relative frequency. The mean age, age range, gender, the incidence rates and the relative frequency rates were calculated. There were 111 new cancer patients in 2006 and 169 patients in 2007. Females were 52.9% of cases. The mean ages were 61.8 and 56.8 years for males and females respectively. Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract is the most common malignancy in both sexes, followed by breast and then cervical cancer in females; while it was followed by leukaemia in males. Hepatocellular, oesophageal, gastric and recto-sigmoid were the main gut cancers. Cancer of the gastrointestinal tract was the commonest malignancy at El Obeid Hospital, Western Sudan. Establishment of a local radiation and isotopes centre is needed in this part of the country to provide oncology services and integrate preventive programs. A regional cancer registry centre supplements the national efforts to evaluate the magnitude of the problem in order to plan further future strategies