Correlation between autoimmune thyroid diseases and helicobacter pylori infection

Background: Helicobacter Pylori (H. Pylori) usually acquired in childhood, it colonizes the gastric mucosa of about 50% of the world's population at some time in their life. In eastern countries, H. pylori infection has a prevalence of approximately 70%. Objective: To correlate between H. pylori infection and autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD). Patients and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study done on 200 patients selected as a convenient sample with upper GI upset. They were selected from gastroenterology outpatient clinics at Al-Hussein and Alexandria Police Hospitals, during the summer months of 2018. They were classified according to the results of stool H. pylori Ag testing into two groups; positive and negative (each group 100 patient). This is cross-sectional study done on 200 patients selected as a convenient sample Results: Our results indicated that patients with H. pylori infection were more susceptible to AITD. There was significant association between H. pylori infection and both Hashimoto's and Graves' disease. H. pylori infection had shown to be associated with elevated liver enzymes, anemia, and IL 17. Conclusion: There is a significant positive relationship between H. pylori infection and Hashimoto's disease (HT). There is a significant positive relationship between H. pylori infection and Graves' disease (GD)

Lymph node staging in bladder cancer: role of diffusion weighted magnetic resonant imaging compared to histopathology

Background : lymph node metastasis is important prognostic factor in bladder cancer paients.It also helps in treatment planning.Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging is a new technique for lymph node evaluation depending on tissue cellurality rather than size of lymph nodes. Purpose : The aim of this work is to study the role of DW_MRI in detecting LNs metastasis and staging in bladder cancer. Methods: The study has been carried out at the department of Urology, Zagazig University Hospitals from July 2016 till December 2018. Results: 33 patients with radical cystectomy and lymphadenectomy whom were evaluated by DW-MRI preoperatively. The overall senstivity of DW-MRI was 85.7% and overall specificty was 94.7%. Conclusion: DW-MRI is a safe non invasive technique in lymph node staging in bladder cancer patients with high senstivity and specificty

Fecal lactoferrin as a new marker of disease activity in inflammatory bowel diseases

Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases [IBD] including ulcerative colitis [UC] and Crohn's disease [CD] are organic inflammatory diseases, caused by chronic mucosal inflammation of the gasrtointetinal tract. As the presenting manifestations of IBD and other diseases are similar, obtaining a clinical diagnosis can be difficult, and further invasive diagnostic procedures may be required in order to obtain a confirmed diagnosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic utility of measuring fecal concentrations of lactoferrin as a simple and noninvasive indicator of disease activity in patients IBD and to be correlated with endoscopic findings and disease activity index and acute inflammatory response including leucocytic count, high sensitive CRP, ESR

Methods: This study was carried on 40 patients with IBD; 24 patients with active IBD [16 UC patients and 8 CD patients] and 16 patients with inactive IBD [10 UC patients and 6 CD patients] versus 40 healthy controls. All patients underwent blood and stool sampling as well as an interview to assess the disease severity utilizing UC activity measured by the Truelove and Witts Severity Index and Crohn's Disease Activity Index. Measurement of FLA levels at different stages of inflammatory bowel disease activity to detect its role in assessment of disease severity

Results: This study showed that FLA levels were highest in patients with IBD in comparison with healthy group. FLA levels also correlated significantly with disease severity in patients with IBD where higher levels of FLA were found in patients with severe UC or Crohn's disease. At cutoff value 9.68 ug/ml FLA showed 100% sensitivity and specificity in identification of patients with IBD from healthy subjects

Conclusions: FLA is a sensitive and specific biochemical marker of inflammation for use in the diagnosis of suspected IBD cases, and its level correlates well with both clinical disease activity indices

effectiveness of applying media literacy program through playing video games in developing criticism and analysis skills of adolescents

Introduction: Media Literacy relies on critical thinking contemplative, since we live in a saturated media material environment, and we should be aware that various media doesn't provide a simple display of reality and events, Media Literacy helps us to dismantle media messages

Problem: What is the effectiveness of Applying Media Literacy program through playing video games in developing criticism and analysis skills of Adolescents?

Importance: The importance of Media Literacy lies in reducing negatives and enhancing positives of video games, and The positive role played by Media Literacy in individuals' lives

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of applying the program of Media Literacy in developing criticism and analysis skills, and Discovering the relationship between the gender and the rate of acquisition of Media Literacy skills

Type And Methodology: This is a Quasi-experimental study

Society and Sample: Analytical sample FIFA, GTA, Call of Duty, and Field sample 40 Adolescent of Abu Zahra School

Tools: The contain analysis, and Critical Thinking Scale

Result: There were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of adolescents on the scale of critical thinking through playing video games before and after applying Media Literacy program in favor of the post test, There were no differences between the mean scores of adolescents on the scale of critical thinking through playing video games before applying the Media Literacy program depending on gender, and There were no differences between the mean scores of adolescents on the scale of critical thinking through playing video games after applying the media Literacy program depending on gender

Effect of surface area and air-drying distance on shear bond strength of etch-and-rinse adhesive

We evaluated the effects of air-drying distance and bond surface area on the shear bond strength of a 2-step etch-and-rinse adhesive. A total of 120 bovine anterior teeth were equally divided into 6 main groups based on bonding surface area. The main groups were divided into sub-groups (n = 5) according to air-drying distance. The shear strength was determined using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The averaged results were subjected to two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test (α = 0.05). Two-way ANOVA testing identified no significant cross-product interactions (p > 0.05), but the main factors of area (p < 0.0001) and air-drying distance (p < 0.00001) significantly affected the mean bond strength. Shorter air-drying distances improved bond strength, and increased surface area decreased the bond strength.

Haematological and biochemical changes induced by amaranth impact on male albino rats

The present investigation was performed to study the effect of daily administration [interperitoneal injection] of synthetic coloring agent amaranth at dose 50 mg /kg b.w. /day for two periods [7 and 21 days], using male albino rats. The effects of amaranth on growth, haematological and some biochemical parameters were examined throughout the study. The results revealed that amaranth treatment cause a marked change in treated groups when compared with control. They showed a significant decrease in percentage of body weight change, RBCs count, Hb concentration and HCT value, while, they recorded a significant increase in WBCs, serum activity of AST and ALP, in addition to serum urea and creatinine levels in treated rats. But ALT and bilirubin showed insignificant changes throughout the experiment

Effects of sublethal doses of selected botanical molluscicides on oxygen consumption of the brown garden snail, Eobania vermiculata

Laboratory bioassays were carried out for evaluating the efficacy of certain plant materials including Nicotine, Thymol, Menthol, Caffeine and Camphor as molluscicides against the brown garden snail, Eobania vermiculata using the topical application method. The obtained results proved that Nicotine and Thymol were the most promising from the molluscicidal point of view with LD [50]204.02 and 551.20 micro g/snail for the two materials, respectively. The effects of sublethal doses [LD[25] and LD[50]] of the most potent materials, Thymol and Nicotine, on the oxygen consumption of E. vermiculata snails after 1, 7 and 15 days post treatment were evaluated. Results indicated that only snails treated with LD [50] Thymol showed significant decrease in their oxygen uptake; while all the other treatments stimulated significant increase in the oxygen consumption along the three periods of estimation. This stimulation was most pronounced with the low sublethal doses of the both examined botanical molluscicides. The succession of time post exposure did not enable the treated snails to eliminate the adverse effects of the applied materials. Depending on the results of the current investigation, we can conclude that the both examined botanical materials, Thymol and Nicotine, are effective in killing the agricultural pest E. vermiculata but further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of these materials as safe and economic molluscicides in the field

Effect of nalbuphine [a narcotic drug] on some hematological and biochemical parameters of male albino rat

Among narcotic drugs of major importance in medicine, is nalbuphine hydrochloride. It is a potent analgesic, has been effectively used in the treatment of moderate to severe pain, in pot-operative analgesia, for labor analgesia and as a component of balanced anesthesia. Commercially, nalbuphine hydrochloride is known as nubain or nalufin. The present study aimed to investigate the possible noxious impacts of this drug on some hemotalogical and biochemical parameters of male albino rat [rattusnorvegicus]. So, sixty adult rats weighing 140-150 gm were used to study erythrocytes [R.B.Cs] and leucocytes [W.B.Cs] counts, hemoglobin [Hb] concentration, hematocrit [Hct] value, mean corpuscular volume [MCV], mean corpuscular hemoglobin [MCH] and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration [MCHC]. Besides, studying the biochemical analysis of kidney function including urea and createnine concentrations, in addition to thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine [T3] and thyroxine [T4] levels. The experimental groups were injected twice time daily intramuscularly with the drug at the dose levels of 0.2 and 0.4 mg/ 100 gm. B.wt. for 15 and 30 days. Nalbuphine hydrochloride treated rats displayed deleterious alterations in their hematological and biochemical analysis. The data of hematological investigations revealed a marked decrease in RBCs, Hb, Hctand MCV in groups treated with low or high dose of nalbuphine for 30 days. Also, a significant decreases were detected in R.B.Cs, Hb and MCH in rats treated with high dose Of nalbuphine for 15 days. While, Hb concentration, Hct value, MCV and MCH showed insignificant changes in rats treated for 15 days with the low dose. On the other hand, MCHC and W.B.Cs showed insignificant changes throughout all treated groups. Biochemical studies on the serum indicated a marked increase in urea and createnine in all groups treated with nalbuphine. On the other hand, T3 and T4 exhibited a significant decrease after treatment with nalbuphine. These deleterious changes give an alarm to be aware in using such drugs from the narcotic group

Effects of orally fed diazinon on some biochemical parameters of male albino rats

The current investigation was carried out to study the effect of orally administration of diazinon insecticide on some biochemical blood indices on male albino rats. The organophosphorus insecticide, diazinon was orally administrated at a dose [100mg/kg body weight=1/3LD50], daily for 10 days [short -term] and 20 days [long -term] to adult male albino rats. The results revealed the following: 1- Diazinon led to an increase in rat blood serum glucose and T3 [short and long -term]; AST,ALT,and T4 [long-term].2- Diazinon reduced the serum content of total cholesterol and protein in short-term treated rats. 3- Treatment of rats with diazinon did not alter activity of AST, ALT and T4 level at short -term period .In addition ; ALP serum levels were not altered in both short and long -term treated rats

Williams-beuren syndrome in a boy with Klinefelter syndrome

Williams-Beuren syndrome, now recognized to be caused by a micro deletion of chromosome 7, is a multisystem disorder with mental retardation and characteristic facial features. On the other hand, Klinefelter syndrome [47, XXY] is now appreciated as being the most common single cause of infertility and hypogonadism. We report a boy; 9 years old, from UAE affected by both disorders. The patient had a characteristic dysmorphic facies, mental retardation, cardiovascular affection and dental anomalies together with relatively small penis and testes. The diagnosis was established and confirmed through chromosomal study and FISH analysis

Recent insight about anti-hepatitis C antibodies in pediatric thalassemia major and sickle cell anemia patients

Hepatitis C virus is a major health care problem in Egypt. One of its high risk groups are multi-transfused children suffering from chronic hemolytic anemia. In the current study we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus status [HCV] in thalassemia major and sickle cell anemia patients who are regularly following at the pediatric hematology clinics, Cairo University. We also aimed to compare the current prevalence with previous studies conducted before the introduction of donor screening for HCV and so determine the effectiveness of screening currently in use. Two hundred and eighteen children were enrolled in the study. Most of them were thalassemia cases [n=168], while fifty were sickle cell disease patients. The study also included twenty healthy age- matched control to determine the base line risk in the general population. All patients and controls were investigated for the presence of HCV antibody using fourth generation ELISA techniques. The results showed that the over all HCV sero-prevalence rate was 40.5% in thalassemia patients and 50% in sickle cell disease patients, a much lower rate than previously reported before the era of donor screening. The risk for HCV infection in both thalassemia and sickle cell anemia increased with increased duration of transfusion. The mean transfusion duration in HCV positive thalassemia patients was [10.28 +/- 6 years] while among sero-negatives it was [3.27 +/- 4.32 years]. In sickle cell anemia group, the mean duration of transfusion was [7.04 +/- 4.29 y] among HCV positives versus [3.38 +/- 3 y] among HCV negatives and the relation was also highly significant. Serum ferritin was a significantly elevated in HCV positive cases both in sickle and thalassemia patients. The frequency of HCV infection has moderately declined since the introduction of blood screening techniques, however the current prevalence is still high and more efforts are needed to introduce new techniques that avoid the window gap and increase the sensitivity of used techniques. The duration of blood transfusion and high levels of serum ferritin were identified as possible risk factors for HCV infection in the studied groups

Anatomy of the facial nerve [F N] within the parotid gland

Facial nerve [FN] paralysis is the most serious and frequently encountered complication of parotid surgery. Review of literature revealed that preoperative and intraoperative FN identification by radiological methods, FN monitoring and FN stimulating test failed in completely solving this problem. The present study aimed to detail the intraparotid anatomy of FN 25 cadaveric head sides with intact skin were dissected to identify the parotid gland and its surrounding structures. Then the parotid tissue superficial to FN and its branches was removed. The FN bifurcated 2.1-5 mm behind the retromandibular vein [RMV] into upper and lower divisions. Both divisions passed superficial to RMV in 22 cases, the upper division passed deep in 2 cases and the lower division passed deep in one case. The FN divisions or their branches were in close contact with RMV except in one case where the upper division was separated from the vein by a small amount of parotid tissue. The site of branching of the upper and lower divisions was variable and occurred either behind RMV, at the point of crossing of the vein or infront of it. The mean lengths of FN trunk, upper division and lower division were 17.6, 5.4 and 8.9 mm respectively. Communications between FN branches were observed both within and outside the gland. These results may be helpful for radiologists and surgeons dealing with the parotid region