Prevalence of Sleep Disorder and Associated Factors in Family Practice / 가정의학회지

BACKGROUND: Sleep is an essential restorative physiologic phenomenon. Impaired sleep results in significant negative effect to the health. Symptoms like sleep initiation difficulty, frequent awakening, severe snoring have related to poor sleep quality. We studied frequency and compared the characteristics of common sleep disorders at family practice. METHODS: We surveyed patients over 18 years of age and their guardians who visited 16 familial practices for 6 days. We investigated sleep characteristics, frequency of sleep disorder and associated factors by questionnaires and analyzed by frequency analysis, Spearman's correlation coefficient, multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: We enrolled 1,117 participants. Older participants were more likely to report early sleep onset and off time, short sleep duration. Mean number of awakening during a typical night is 1.69. Female complained difficulties in initiation and maintenance of sleep more than male. A total of 32.5% had these insomnia symptoms and related to hypertension, stroke, stress, arthralgia, depression, urological disorder. 31.1% had excessive daytime sleepiness, related to stress, arthralgia, depression. Loud snoring and gasp for breath showed positive correlation between male, high BMI. Disrupted sleep over 3 times was related to old age, female, diabetes, hypertension, stroke, stress, arthralgia, depression. Restless leg syndrome were high in elderly, high BMI, stress, arthralgia and depression. CONCLUSION: About one in three who visit in primary medical practice have sleep disorder symptoms like insomnia, daytime fatigue, snoring. 3% of them have gasp for breath, 8% have restless leg syndrome.

Factors associated low HDL cholesterol in adults

BACKGROUND: Coronary artery disease are increasing in recent years among Korean due to change of dietary pattern. We conducted a cross sectional study to analyze various factors for low HDL cholesterol knowns as a independent risk factor for coronary artery disease. METHODS: At the health care center of Asan Medical Center in 1999, 7259 people without cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, hyperlipidemia were selected. They were exmined weight, height, blood pressure. Other data was drawn from questionnaire, blood chemistry. SPSS (version 7.5) was used for analysis of this data. RESULTS: 1) The means of HDL cholesterol level was higher in women than men. 2) The means of HDL cholesterol of men was lower in subgroup of age below 45 years old, obesity, lower total cholesterol( OR =200 mg/dL), current smoking, sedantary life style than others. In women, it was lower in subgroup of over 55 years old, obesity, diabetes, hypertention, lower total cholesterol( OR =200 mg/dL) than others. By multilple logistic analysis, obesity, triglyceride, current smoking, moderate alcohol drinking were significant factors associated with low HDL cholesterol (< 42 mg/dL, 25 percentile of study paricipants). CONCLUSION: These resluts suggest that obesity, high triglyceride, current smoking are independent risk factors and moderate alcoholic drinking is a negative risk factor of low HDL cholesterol in this study participants.