Role of vitamin [E] against immunotoxic and genotoxic effects of hexavalent chromium in albino rats

Sine chormium is one of the most important pollutants present in the general and industrial environment that induce health hazards, it was the aim of the present study to shed light on the role of antioxidant as vitamin [E] in the protection against immunotoxic and genotoxic effects of chromium in adult albino rats. Rats were divided into four groups, the first group was given 1/10 LD 50 of sodium dichromate, the second group was given sodium dichromate with vitamin E, the third group was given vitamin E alone in addition to the control group as a fourth group. After three weeks serum immunoglobulin [IgG and IgM] with immunohistochemical change in T-lymphocytes in bone marrow and spleen were detected and chromosomal pattern in rats bone marrow were examined. Results showed a significant decrease in serum immunoglobulin [IgG and IgM] and decrease in the number of CD4 helper T-lymphocytes with some increase in the number of CD8 supressors T-Iymphocytes and abnormalities in chromosomal pattern in the first group while the other groups showed no changes in serum immunoglobulins, T -lymphocytes or chromosomal pattern vitamin E administration can be a promising solution to ameliorate the chromium-induced immunotoxic and genotoxic effect. So, further studies on individuals exposed to chromium regarding its immunotoxicity and genotoxicity is recommended

Protective effects of melatonin in carbon tetrachloride [CCL4] - induced hepatotoxicity

The addition of pharmacological amount of melatonin to rats intoxicated byCCL4 resulted in a marked decrease in hepatic damage. The aim of this studywas to shed light on the protective effects of melatonin on CCL4-inducedhepatotoxicity in albino rats. The rats were divided into three groups. Thefirst group was given CCL4 alone, the second group was given CCL4, followed bymelatonin and the third group served as a control. After two weeks, serumaspartate aminotransferase [AST], alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and alkalinephosphatase were estimated in both groups, then the rats were sacrificed andhepatic tissue were subjected to an examination by electron microscope. Theresults showed a significant rise in AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatasetogether with a damage in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and enlargednucleus in the first group; while, the second group showed no changes inliver function or hepatic cells, which meant that melatonin protect the livercells from the harmful effects of CCL4