Influencia de la inteligencia emocional percibida, la ansiedad y el estrés sobre la presencia de síntomas depresivos en estudiantes de medicina chilenos/as

Introducción: La inteligencia emocional facilita la gestión de emociones displacenteras, no obstante, su rol respecto de síntomas depresivos en estudiantes de medicina está aún en estudio y no está claro el peso que la inteligencia emocional tiene sobre este tipo de sintomatología. Objetivo: Analizar la relación entre los factores de la inteligencia emocional percibida y la sintomatología depresiva, ansiosa y estrés, en estudiantes de primer y sexto año de medicina. Método: con un diseño transversal expostfacto y un análisis Rlog hacia atrás, se observó la asociación entre la inteligencia emocional con la depresión en los estudiantes. Resultados: el único factor de la inteligencia emocional que explicó la presencia de síntomas depresivos fue la regulación emocional (Exp B= ,258: IC= 95%; ,128-,519; p=,000). También se identificó que la ansiedad y el estrés explicaron una proporción importante de la varianza de los síntomas depresivos (R2 Nagelkerke=,426) y que la presencia de cada uno de ellos aumentaba la probabilidad de presentar esta sintomatología. Conclusiones: Los datos muestran la importancia de la regulación emocional, la ansiedad y el estrés como predictores en la intensidad de la sintomatología depresiva en estudiantes de medicina, así como la diferenciación por sexo en la presencia de síntomas depresivos.

Introduction: Emotional intelligence facilitates the management of unpleasant emotions, however, emotional intelligence's role regarding the presence of depressive symptoms in medical students is still being studied, and it is not clear the relevance of emotional intelligence might have on this type of symptomatology. Objective: Analyze the relationship between factors of the perceived emotional intelligence and the presence of depressive and anxious symptoms and stress in first- and sixth-year medical students. Methods: Using a ex post facto design and a log-backward analysis the association between emotional intelligence factors and depression in students was observed. Results: The only emotional intelligence factor that explained the presence of depressive symptoms was emotional regulation (Exp B= ,258: CI= 95%; ,128-,519; p=,000). It was also identified that anxiety and stress explained a significant proportion of the variance of depressive symptoms (R2 Nagelkerke=,426) and that the presence of each of them increased the probability of presenting this symptomatology. Conclusions: The data show the importance of the emotional regulation, as a predictor of the intensity of depressive symptomatology in medical student. Also, of other variables included in the model such as: stress and anxiety symptoms and gender differentiation in the presence of depressive symptoms.

¿Se relaciona la capacitación docente con las prácticas pedagógicas en académicos de carreras de la salud de Chile? / The influence of pedagogic and discipline training on the teaching quality of university professors

Background: University teachers prioritize acquiring knowledge about their disciplines over pedagogic training. However, the latter is becoming increasingly important in the present teaching scenario. Aim: To relate pedagogic practices with pedagogic training of teachers from health care careers of public and private universities. Material and Methods: Pedagogic practice and training activities participation questionnaires were answered by 296 teachers of undergraduate students from Chilean public and private universities. Results: There was a direct correlation between discipline training and all pedagogic practice factors. However, pedagogic training correlated with all the factors with the exception of teacher centered learning. Teachers with a master degree had higher scores in factors related to teaching planning and process assessment. Having a doctor degree had no impact on these factors. A multiple regression analysis showed that both discipline and pedagogic training and having a master degree were associated with pedagogic practices of teachers. Conclusions: Both pedagogic and discipline training influence the quality of teaching provided by undergraduate teachers.

Ansiedad, depresión, estrés y organización de la personalidad en estudiantes novatos de medicina y enfermería / Anxiety, depression, stress and personality organization in medical and nursing freshmen

Introduction: The Health students are likely to experience anxiety, depression and stress freshman year, affecting their performance and adaptation. The scant evidence of the relationship between personality like dispositional-condition with the above symptoms, limited understanding of this phenomenon in the studied sample. Objective: To establish the relationship of the dimensions of personality, anxiety, depression and stress freshmen in medical and nursing. Method: We surveyed the Kernberg inventory of personality organization and scale of depression, anxiety and stress, to a sample of 110 university/as first-year medical and nursing schools, three universities of La Serena and Coquimbo, data thrown by two instruments were correlated using r Pearson’s. Results: It was found correlation between all dimensions of personality organization, with anxiety, depression and stress. In addition, 47 percent have anxiety, depression 28 percent and 44 percent stress amid a severe ranges. A 65 percent rate with borderline personality structure where two dimensions of personality have high values. Conclusion: It is found that the greater integration of the personality, the lower the level of anxiety, depression and stress, Since it is proposed to evaluate early both conditions would guide remedial actions that favor the development of these students early stages of the learning process moreover the discussion arises around being considered to evaluate behaviors entries in the selection process to the races.

Introducción: Los estudiantes de salud están proclives a presentar ansiedad, depresión y estrés en el primer año de carrera, afectándose su desempeño y adaptación. La escasa evidencia de la relación entre la personalidad -como condición disposicional- con los síntomas antes mencionados, limita la comprensión de este fenómeno en la muestra estudiada. Objetivo: Establecer la relación de las dimensiones de personalidad, con la ansiedad, depresión y estrés en estudiantes de primer año de medicina y enfermería. Método: Se encuestó con el inventario de organización de personalidad de Kernbergy la escala de depresión, ansiedad y estrés, a una muestra de 110 universitarios/as de primer año de medicina y enfermería, de tres universidades de La Serena y Coquimbo, los datos arrojados por ambos instrumentos se correlacionaron usando r de Pearson. Resultados: Se encontró correlación entre todas las dimensiones de organización de la personalidad, con la ansiedad, depresión y estrés. Además, un 47 por ciento presenta ansiedad, 28 por ciento depresión y 44 por ciento estrés, en rangos medio a muy severo. Un 65 por ciento califica con estructura de personalidad limítrofe donde dos dimensiones de personalidad presentan valores altos. Conclusión: Se constata que a mayor integración de la personalidad, menor es el nivel de ansiedad, depresión y estrés, A partir de ello se propone que evaluar tempranamente ambas condiciones permitiría orientar acciones paliativas que favorezcan el desarrollo de estos estudiantes en etapas iniciales del proceso formativo, por otra parte, se plantea la discusión en torno a ser consideradas conductas de entradas a evaluar en los procesos de selección a las carreras.

Repensando la selección de la carrera de Medicina desde los factores que inciden en la formación / Rethinking the selection of medical students, considering non-cognitive skills

In Chile the only requirement to study medicine is to obtain an academic achievement score over a certain cutoff value. However, the literature states that this type of selection is insufficient, since the medical profession requires cognitive and non-cognitive skills. These abilities are associated with better adaptation and academic success, as well as less dropping out. Therefore, those skills should be considered in the selection process to assure that the education goals are met. The aim of this study was to review the existing literature regarding the selection and evaluation criteria for students who are applying to medical schools. It was evident that Chilean medical schools need to establish appropriate criteria to ensure a more inclusive and fair admission. They need to design a system of admission with solid evidence of validity and reliability, complementary to the current form of student selection. This system should be considered common to all schools of medicine and, in turn, consider the sensibilities of the particular mission of each school, since academic, cognitive, inter- and intrapersonal aspects may vary among them.

Prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in blood donors of Karachi

Hepatitis B virus [HBV] and Hepatitis C virus [HCV] are two major public health problems in the country. The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in voluntary non-remunerated and replacement donors in Baqai Medical University Hospital and PNS Shifa Karachi from April, 2005 to June, 2007. A total of 11459 donors were bled. Anti-HCV was found positive in 237 [2.068%] HBs Ag was positive in 196 [1.71%] and both were positive in 11 [0.095%] individuals. This study shows a higher prevalence of HCV than HBV infection in blood donors. The prevalence of HCV and HBV can be minimized by the screening of all donors for anti-HCV and HBs Ag and discouraging the use of unsterilized syringes

pattern and frequency of diseases associated with lymphadenopathy

A study of 351 patients of lymphadenopathy was carried out to observe the pattern of various diseases with which these patients were affected. There were 168 male and 183 female patients with male to female ratio of 1:1.09. The youngest patient was 1 year old and the oldest was 80 years of age. The commonest lesion found was tuberculosis in 165 [47%] followed by reactive hyperplasia in 121 [34.5%], metastatic carcinoma in 36 cases [10.3%], malignant lymphoma in 27 cases [7.7%], kikuchi's lymphadenitis in one case [0.28%], and fungal lymphadenitis in one [0.28%]

Pattern of surgically treated thyroid disease in Karachi

The study was carried out to evaluate the histologic spectrum of these surgically treated thyroid disease in Karachi. A total 0/662 cases were collected, 570 were females and 92 were males i.e. 6.19:1 ratio. The age range was from 12 to 70 years. Multinodular goiter was the commonest thyroid disease [61.63%], follicular adenoma was encountered next, 93 cases [14.05%]. Amongst 26 cases of thyroiditis, lymphocytic thyroiditis were seen in 22 [3.32%] which was commoner than Hashimoto's thyroiditis [0.06%]. The overall incidence of malignancy was 14.35%. Papillary carcinoma was found to have higher incidence [11.17%] than follicular carcinoma [1.81%]

Pattern of female breast diseases in Karachi

The study was conducted to know the pattern of female breast diseases in Karachi. In this study there were a total of 307 breast biopsies and mastectomy specimens of which 67 were inflammatory, 166 benign and 74 malignant. Fibroadenoma was the commonest [35.179%] followed by invasive ductal carcinoma [21.824%], fibrocystic disease [16.286%], breast abscess [7.166%] and chronic mastitis [7.817%]. Fibroadenoma was common in second decade and infiltratiue ductal carcinoma in fifth decade. Breast carcinoma occurs at a younger age group in [Karachi - Pakistan] than in western countries.