Factors affect adolescent's girl using reproductive health services

This is a descriptive study aimed at assess factors that affect adolescent's girls using reproductive health services. It was conducted at Technical School of Nursing [Ain Shams University]. The sample was consisted of 130 out of 170 student who complained from reproductive health problem and aged 14-19 year and agreed to participate in the study using purposive sample technique. Two tools used for data collection consisted of structured interview questionnaire and Likert rating scale. Results revealed student's nurse age ranged between less than 16 up to 19 years with mean age [17.1 + 1.02] . Concerning distribution of the study sample regarding their reproductive health problem. It was found the majority of them [88.46%] were had reproductive health problem while the minority of them [11.54%] were free of reproductive health problem. As regard students' knowledge about reproductive health and its services it was observed that majority of them [76.92%] were had poor knowledge while the minority of them [9.23%] were had average knowledge, in regarding to source of RH knowledge [77.63%] were from their family while the minority [3.85%] were from social worker. Concerning distribution of the study sample regarding to socioeconomic factors which prevent adolescent's girl using reproductive health services. It was found [83.85%] of them were a shamed from being examined, [12.31%] of them were have large family size. Regarding distribution of the study sample related to services factors which prevent adolescent's girl using reproductive health services, It was observed that [60%] of them was refused gender of the doctor while [36.92%] medicines are unavailable. In Conclusion the present study drew attention to a critical point that the adolescents face many factors prevent them to use reproductive health services include factors related to adolescent as a shamed from being examined, fear from painful examination and fear from examination, factor related provider as lack of nurses and doctor care of these age group and factor related to services as no presence of reproductive health clinics for adolescents .also the adolescents had poor knowledge and negative attitude toward reproductive health services. So the researcher recommend conduction of awareness programs about [ARHS] adolescent reproductive health services for adolescent girls, their family, teachers at schools and the community. And increase programs that improve availability and accessibility of adolescent reproductive health clinics

Assessment of knowledge and practice of women toward minor discomforts during the period of pregnancy

Aim of the study was to asses the knowledge and practice of women toward minor discomforts during the period of pregnancy. was descriptive study. Ante-natal out patient clinic at Benha University Hospital Research question What are knowledge and practices of women toward minor discomforts during the period of pregnancy? simple random sample, was collected randomly from I in a period of six months, three days per week and started from July 2006 until December 2006, the total number was 150 pregnant women for three trimesters, 50 pregnant women for each trimester. Tool for data collection was structured interviewing questionnaire sheet. The present study indicated that 64% of subjects were housewives, 52.6% had moderate education. The present study also indicated the highest level of minor discomforts during first trimesters were fatigue 92% and nausea and vomiting 88%, during second trimester were hemorrhoids 84%, backache 76%, and faintness and dizziness 70%, during 3rd trimester were backache 84%, hemorrhoids and heart burn 76%, leg cramp and dyspnea 74%, concerning knowledge as reported by women about minor discomforts 24%. The study indicated that 40% of sample had poor knowledge at 1st trimester while 42% of sample had good knowledge at 2nd trimester followed by 3rd trimester. This study also indicated that the highest level of practices 59% to relieve minor discomforts during 2nd trimester followed by 3rd trimester 56.9% and 1st trimester 55% practices that performed to relieve fatigue was assistance of husband in house working. The practice to relieve hemorrhoids was to increase vegetables rich with fiber and the practice to relieve backache was to use proper body mechanics. There are significant differences among three trimesters as regarding level of minor discomforts. The mean level of minor discomforts during first trimester [63.6 +/- 16.8] is higher than 2nd and 3rd trimester and the highest level during first trimester is fatigue [92%]. Teaching mothers about minor discomforts and self care measures to cope with it and differentiate between them. Future studies of common complain of pregnancy and its management

Enhancement of knowledge and attitude for secondary school adolescent girls regarding reproductive health

Reproductive health is a crucial part of the general health, not only as a key element of the health during adolescence and adulthood but also through sitting the stage for health beyond the reproductive years for both women and men.The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of enhancement of knowledge and attitude of secondary school girls regarding reproductive health.The present study hypothized that most of girls had lack of knowledge and misconception about reproductive health issues which may negatively affect their attitude before providing them with guideline. The study conducted at Alshiamaa secondary school located in Benha City at Kaluobia Governorate .The sample included 160 girls in adolescent period, from third year. The tools of data collection were structured demographic sheet, knowledge questionnaire sheet and modified Likert Scale. The result showed that 58.8% of secondary school girls who are included in the study had poor knowledge about reproductive health issues and 67.5% of them had negative attitude about it. The study recommended that, developing reproductive health awareness programs targeted to adolescents on large sample size, in different schools to high light this issue

Natural pain relief measures: effect on labor outcome

A variety of pain relieving measures in labor are available, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods. The goal is to use a method to reduce or modify labor pains without causing ill effects to the mother or baby. All forms of pain medications cross the placental barrier affecting the baby, so natural measures for pain relief are appropriate methods to be easily used by nurses, midwives at hospital or at home births. This study included 200 parturients divided equally into 4 groups. The first group received back massage only; the second group received heat compresses and the third group received both massage and heat compresses. The fourth group was a control group applying conventional pharmacological pain relief measures. Severe pain was experienced significantly more among women in the control group [88%] than the intervention groups [16%, 18% and 12% respectively, p < 0.001]. The fetal heart rates and the maternal vital signs were not affected in the study groups. This study emphasized the natural non-pharmacological inexpensive methods as effective measures for pain relief during labor

Selenium level in young car - tire repair workers in Egypt.

Ten young males aged 10-15 years who work as assistants in car-tire repair shops in Cairo and 10 matched controls from the same city were included in this study. Clinical examination and basal laboratory tests were done to both groups. Serum selenium was measured using atomic spectrophotometer. The selenium level in the serum of Egyptian population was lower than the average level of many nations in the world, which may be attributed to the decrease in the selenium level of the Egyptian soil or the low intake. Also, selenium serum levels among children who were working in car-tire repair were markedly reduced than the matched controls

Assessment of fibrinolytic system in uremic patients under regular haemodialysis treatment

In order to clarify, the status of fibrinolytic system in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing regular haemodialysis, palsmingen [PLG], tissue plasminogen activator [tPA], alpha [1]. Antitrypsin [alpha [1]-AT], alpha Antiplasmin [alpha [2], AP] and Plasmingen activator inhibitor -I [PAI] had been estimated immediately before and after haemodialysis in 20 patients with primary chronic renal failure on regular haemodialysis undergoing 4-5 hours of regular haemodialysis treatment [RDT] [3] times a week. Duration of haemodialysis [HD] was 8-99 months. These values were compared with those obtained from 20 matched healthy control subjects. PLG, alpha [2] AP and PAI values decreased in CRF patients under RDT than normal control values, while no significant differences had been found before and after dialysis. No significant differences had been found between control group and CRF patients under RDT in case of tPA and alpha [1], AT. Also no difference had been found before and after dialysis in case of alpha [1] AT. However, a highly significant increase had been found between before and after dialysis in case of tPA. So, increased fibrinolytic activity druing HD is probably chiefly due to the effect of extracoporal circulation using the artificial kidney with the release of tPA from vessel walls and consequent consumption of PAI-l. It is probable that plasminogen activator is a feature of many, if not all, forms of extracorporal circulation

Blood histamine level in diabetes mellitus with and without microangiopathy

Serum histamine levels were measured in fifteen patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus [NlDDM] without complications. Fifteen patients with NlDDM and microvascular complications and ten age, weight and sex matched normal controls. The results showed significant increase in the mean serum histamine level in patients with NIDDM [with and without micro angiopathy] compared with the normal controls[P<0.001] and in patients with microangiopathy compared to those without [P<0.001]. The significance of these results was discussed

Effect of cigarette smoking on microalbuminuria in diabetic patients

Urinary microalbumin was determined in fourty patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes [twenty cigarette smokers and twenty non-smokers] and thirty age, weight and sex matched normal controls [fifteen smokers and fifteen non-smokers]. The mean level of microalbumin in the smoker-diabetics was significantly higher than that of the non-smoker diabetics [P < 0.01] and the normal controls [P < 0.01]. In addition the mean level of microalbumin in non-smoker diabetics was significantly higher than that of the normal controls [P < 0.01] while there was non significant increase in smoker compared to non-smoker controls [P > 0.05] . The significance of these changes was discussed

Diagnostic value of ferritin and B2-microglobulin in malignant ascitis

Ferritin and B [2] microglobulin were measured in the ascetic fluid of fourty five patients suffering from ascitis, fifteen with transudate, fifteen with nonmalignant exudates and fifteen with malignant exudates. The results showed significant increase in the mean ferritin level in malignant ascetic fluid compared to non-malignant exudates and transudate effusions [p>0.001] and significant increase in the mean ferritin level in the non-malignant exudates compared to the tansudate [p> 0.001]. in addition there was significant increase in B [2] microgloblin in malignant and non malignant5 exudates compared to transudate effusion [p>0.01] while there was no significant difference between malignant and non malignant exudates [p > 0.05] the significance of these changes was discussed