Evaluación del desempeño de dos pruebas para la detección de antígeno de Helicobacter pylori en heces / Evaluation of the accuracy of two stool antigen tests for Helicobacter pylori infection

Introducción: la detección de antígeno en heces se ha considerado una prueba prometedora para el diagnóstico de la infección por Helicobacter pylori. Para su introducción en la práctica médica, es un requisito indispensable demostrar el desempeño adecuado del método en la población de estudio. Objetivo: evaluar la capacidad diagnóstica de los sistemas comerciales ELISA SD y SD BIOLINE, del fabricante Standard Diagnostics, Corea, en pacientes cubanos con síntomas gastroduodenales. Métodos: se evaluaron 101 muestras de heces de pacientes previamente clasificados como H. pylori positivos y negativos por las pruebas de referencia de histología y prueba rápida de la ureasa. Se calcularon los parámetros de desempeño de ambos sistemas diagnósticos por el programa EPIDAT 3.1. Resultados: la sensibilidad para los sistemas ELISA SD y SD BIOLINE fue de 85,25 por ciento y 75,41 por ciento, respectivamente. La especificidad para ambos fue de 92,50 por ciento. Los valores predictivos positivos y negativos, los índices de validez y de Youden y la confiabilidad diagnóstica de ambas pruebas fueron satisfactorios. Conclusiones: Los sistemas evaluados exhibieron un desempeño comparable con la histología y la prueba rápida de ureasa para la detección activa de la infección por H. pylori, lo que demuestra su utilidad para el diagnóstico y el manejo oportuno del paciente, sin la necesidad de emplear pruebas invasivas(AU)

Introduction: stool antigen tests have been considered to be promising for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection. For their incorporation into medical practice, it is indispensable to demonstrate their accuracy in a study population. Objective: evaluate the diagnostic capacity of the commercial systems ELISA SD and SD BIOLINE, Standards Diagnostics, Korea, in Cuban patients with gastroduodenal symptoms. Methods: an evaluation was conducted of 101 stool samples from patients previously classified as H. pylori positive and negative by reference histological tests and the rapid urease test. Estimation was made of performance parameters for both diagnostic systems using the software EPIDAT 3.1. Results: Sensitivity for the systems ELISA SD and SD BIOLINE was 85.25 percent and 75.41 percent, respectively. Specificity for both was 92.50 percent. Positive and negative predictive values, validity and Youden's indices, and diagnostic reliability were satisfactory for both tests. Conclusions: the systems evaluated were found to have a performance level comparable with histological tests and the rapid urease test for active detection of H. pylori infection. This confirms their usefulness for the diagnosis and timely management of patients without having to use invasive tests(AU)

Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus in oral fluid from naturally infected pigs in a breeding herd

The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the anatomic localization of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in naturally infected pigs and to determine whether oral fluid could be used to detect the virus in infected animals. Two sows, seven 2-month-old grower pigs, and 70 6-month-old gilts were included in this study. PRRSV in sera and oral fluid were identified by nested reverse transcription PCR (nRT-PCR) while lung, tonsil, and tissue associated with oral cavity were subjected to nRT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization. In sows, PRRSV was identified in oral fluid and tonsils. PRRSV was also detected in oral fluid, tonsils, salivary glands, oral mucosa, and lungs of all seven grower pigs. However, viremia was observed in only two grower pigs. Double staining revealed that PRRSV was distributed in macrophages within and adjacent to the tonsillar crypt epithelium. In gilts, the North American type PRRSV field strain was detected 3 to 8 weeks after introducing these animals onto the farm. These results confirm previous findings that PRRSV primarily replicates in tonsils and is then shed into oral fluid. Therefore, oral fluid sampling may be effective for the surveillance of PRRSV in breeding herds.

Surveillance of urinary deoxypyridinolin (DPD) in healthy womens

The urines of 80 healthy women were taken for qualifying DPD and creatinine. Results showed that; group 1 (aged 25-40) has got 4, 12 – 7,7 nM DPD/nM creatinine, group 2 (aged 41-49): 5,25-10,27 nM DPD/nM creatinine; group 3 (aged 50-68): 4,48-14,4 nM DPD/nM creatinine. In pre-menopausal women nM DPD/nM creatinine value was higher than in women of reproductive age. The method of combining metabolic bone marker and bone density was more efficacious than the simple bone densitometry. The rate of nM DPD/nM creatinine in particular and bone metabolic marker were very useful for diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis