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Objective To develop a connector between anesthetic machine and oxygen provider for continual oxygen supply to anesthetic machine during field operation.Method According to the principle of three-way block and one-way qas wave,the new connector with two-routes but one-way for the anesthetic machine was made.Result This setting enable the anesthetic machine to connect two oxygen providers at one time.Conclusion With low cost and being easy to install and dissemble,it can be connected to all kinds of anesthetic machine,thus ensuring the persistence work of the anesthetic machine when changing oxygen provider.
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To investigate the effects of platelet glycoproteins after infusion of four kinds of solutions in vivo (30ml/kg), 105 patients for selective cholecystectomy were randomly divided into four groups.Normal saline was infused in group A patients,dextran 70 for group B, urea linked gelatin for group C, and modified fluid gelatin for group D. Blood samples from patients were taken before the infusion and two hours and three hours after the infusion for the measurement of platelet adhesion(PAdT), vonWillebrand factor (vWF), and glycoproteinⅠb/Ⅰx (GPⅠb/Ⅰx). As compared with other groups the level of vWF and GPⅠb/Ⅰx decreased significantly in group B( P
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Objective To study the hypnotic interaction between propofol and ketamine with isobologram. Methods Seventy-five ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients (35 male, 40 female) aged 20-50 yr, weighing 40-80 kg, undergoing elective upper abdominal surgery were randomly divided into three equal groups of 25 patients : propofol group (P); ketamine group (K) and propofol-ketamine combination group (P/K), Each group was further divided into 5 subgroups. Propofol 0.8, 1.0, 1.25, 1.56 or 1.95 mg ? kg-1 was given in 5 propofol subgroups (P1-5 ) respectively. Ketamine 0.32, 0.40, 0.50, 0.63 or 0.78 mg?kg-1 was given in 5 ketamine subgroups (K1-5 ) respectively. Propofol /ketamine 0.45/0.15, 0.60/0.20, 0.80/0.29, 1.05/0.35 or 1.41/0.47 mg?kg-1 were given in the 5 propofol-ketamine combination subgroups (P/K1-5 ) respectively. Two minutes after drug administration the patients were asked to open their eyes. Failure to open eyes was taken as the start-point of hypnotic effect. If the patient failed to respond to verbal order twice consecutively, the patient was considered to be in the hypnotic state. When the patient in hypnotic state failed to respond to electric stimulation of certain intensity, the patient was considered to be in anesthetic state. ED50s of propofol, ketamine and P/K combination for hypnotic and anesthetic effect were calculated. Isobologram was drawn. ED50 and 95 % confidence limit of ketamine were plotted on the abscissa and of propofol on the ordinate. The ED50 s of the two drugs were connected. If the ED50 of P/K combination was located on the connecting line, the two drugs are additive, on the left side of the connecting line synergistic, on the right side of the connecting line antagonistic. SBP, DBP, HR, SpO2 and BIS were continuously monitored before, during and after drug administration. Results The ED50 s for hypnotic and anesthetic effect were : 1.15 mg? kg-1 and 1.59 mg? kg-1 in group P; 0.40 mg? kg-1 and 0.72 mg? kg-1 in ketamine group; 0.65/0.22 mg?kg-1 and 1.19/0.40 mg?kg-1 in P/K group. The deviation of the location of ED50 of P/K combination from the connecting line was statistically insignificant. There was no significant change in SBP and DBF after administration of drugs in P/K group. Conclusion The hypnotic and anesthetic interaction between propofol and ketamine was additive. In terms of hemodynamic stability, P/K combination was the best among the three groups.
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Objective To investigate the effects of magnitude of surgical trauma and duration of operation on aggregation and adhesion of platelets during laparoscopy and conventional laparotomy cholecystectomy. Methods Thirty ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱpatients(male 11, female 19) undergoing elective cholecystectomy were studied . The mean age was(45 .2 ? 8.3) years and mean body weight(63.3 ?12. 6)kg. The patients were divided into two groups: laparoscopy group(group LC) and laparotomy group(group OC). Patients who took any drugs which may affect blood coagulation were excluded. Blood routine examination, coagulation and bleeding time were normal in all patients. In both groups anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 0. 1-0.2mg, propofol 2mg/kg and vecuronium 0.1mg/kg and maintained with isoflurane inhalation. Venous blood samples were taken after induction of anesthesia and 1h and 2h after operation was started. 10ml of blood was withdrawn from median cubital vein for the measurement of platelet adhesion(PAdT) and plasma level of platelet membrane glycoprotein(GPⅠ b/Ⅰ x) and von Willebrand factor(vWF) . Venepuncture was made at first attempt without using tourniquet. Plastic syringes were used and first 2ml of blood withdrawn was discarded . Glass ball method was used for measurement of PAdT which was calculated according to the following equation: Rate of platelet adhesion(% ) = /(No. of platelet before adhesion-No. of platelet after adhesion) No. of platelet before adhesionGP Ⅰ b/Ⅰ x and vWF levels were measured using ELISA method. Results There was no significant difference in PAdT and GP Ⅰ b/Ⅰ x and vWF levels after induction of anesthesia between two group. PadT level was significantly lower at 1 and 2h during surgery in group LC than that in group OC. GPⅠh/Ⅰx level was higher at 1h during operation in group OC than that in group LC and was much higher at 2h during surgery. vWF level decreased significantly at 2h during operation in both groups. Conclusions Platelet adhesion rate increases during operation and the severer the trauma the higher the platelet adhesion rate. GPⅠ b/Ⅰ x level is higher in group OC during operation than that in group LC probably due to severity of trauma. vWF is consumed during operation.
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Objective To investigate the effects of gelatins and dextran on fibrinogen and platelet glycoproteinⅡb/Ⅲa (GPⅡb/Ⅲa).Methods One hundred and five patients for selective cholecystectomy were randomly divided into four groups. In groupⅠ normal saline 30ml/kg was infused, in groupⅡ dextran-70 30ml/kg,in groupⅢ urea-linked gelatin 30ml/kg and group Ⅳ modified fluid gelatin 30ml/kg. The blood samples were taken before infusion ,two hours and three hours after the infusion, to measure platelet maximum aggregation rate (MAR), levels of Fbg and GPⅡb/Ⅲa,respectively.Results As compared with those in other groups, MAR and level of GPⅡb/Ⅲa decreased significantly in groupⅡ(P